数区间

Least-square technique is used to calculate the higher order horizontal derivatives of Bouguer gravity anomaly, and problems associated the calculation such as line smoothing and interval selecting are discussed.

采用最小二乘法演算了布格重力异常高阶水平导数的计算过程，对计算和使用中涉及的圆滑处理，区间选择等相关问题进行了简略探讨，并列举了在地热勘察中利用高阶水平导数提高重力资料解释效果的实例。

We give a brief proof of the existence theorem of Supremum and Infimum of a bounded set of fuzzy numbers given by Wu cong-xin and Wu chong in [30] . It is used to establish the monotone convergence theorem and the nest theorem of closed intervals on E〓,τ

给出了吴从忻、吴冲[30]得到的模糊数集的确界存在定理的一个简洁证明，并利用此定理在空间E〓，τ(l中建立了模糊数序列的单调收敛定理和闭区间套定理。

The rate of fall is dependent on the continuity of the scale function in time domain. Furthermore, it relates with the multiplicity of zero point at ω=π of the amplitude spectrum of the low pass filter. The distribution of zero points was investigated thoroughly. From the above statement, the dominant interval is deduced to be [0, 2π].

衰减性取决于尺度函数的连续性，进一步它与低通滤波器在ω＝π处零点重数有关；详细讨论了零点的分布及其重数；由零点的分布和衰减性推出尺度函数的幅值谱主导区间为[0，2π]；ω＝0处极大值性态与低通滤波器在该处性态相同。

Based on the flaw of the probability reliability model in the case of small amount of information,non-probability and mixed probability/non-probability reliability models are presented. When the uncertainty of the basic random variable is described by convex, analytical and numerical methods are constructed to calculate the convex of response variable. The infinite norm index, which is the minimal infinite norm distance from original coordinate point to the surface of the limit state in the standard interval space, is presented to measure the safety of the structure.

针对概率可靠性模型在小子样信息下的缺陷，建立了非概率可靠性模型及概率—非概率混合可靠性模型；给出了用集合来描述变量不确定性时，极限状态变量变化集合的解析解和数值迭代解法；提出了物理概念明确且十分易于工程应用的度量结构、机构安全程度的无穷范数指标，它是标准区间空间中坐标原点到极限状态表面的最小无穷范数距离。

In real option pricing, it is impractical to assume the present value of expected cash flow payoff as an exact number because it is a forecast one. Generally, the number is regarded as a triangular or trapezoidal fuzzy number to give its estimated interval values and the Black-Scholes (abbreviated as B-S) formula is used to price the real option.

针对实物期权定价中预期现金流收益的现值是个预测值，而采用精确值给出不太合理的问题，分析了三角模糊数或梯形模糊数给出它的区间估计值，并利用Black-Scholes公式为之定价的方法。

A new pricing approach to real option is thus proposed to transform the forecast intervals evaluated by experts into some normal fuzzy numbers with the lattice closeness degree introduced to construct weighted vectors. In this way the rationality of estimating the present value of expected cash flow payoff by using a normal fuzzy number is verified.

提出了将预期现金流收益现值的专家评估区间转化成正态模糊数并利用格贴近度构造权向量的一种新的实物期权定价方法，验证了利用正态模糊数估计现金流收益现值的合理性。

In addition,how to apply mentation number and the moment method of estimation was discussed to evaluate examiners′psychological state.

通过对实际问题的分析定义了心理状态数，讨论了受心理状态影响的偏差分析，心理状态的划分区间，阐述如何运用数理统计的矩法估计评估出题者的心理状态数以及如何运用心理状态数去估计出题者的心理状态。

And we propose a general method for nonparametric tests with fuzzy data that can deal with trapezoid, triangular, and interval-valued data simultaneously.

另外对於模糊数的无母数检定我们提供了一个较为一般的方法，可以针对梯型、三角型，区间型的模糊样本同时进行处理。

The performance of the final model was evaluated according to the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction and the Correlation coefficient in prediction and calibration sets.

研究了利用联合区间偏最小二乘法和遗传偏最小二乘法等筛选特征谱区的方法，通过交互验证法确定偏最小二乘模型的主成分因子数和筛选区间，并以预测均方根误差和相关系数R作为模型的评价指标。

In the second place, we introduce some relativeconceptions of topos and weak topos, including category, topos, middleobject, weak topos, power object and pullback lemma.

第二部分是预备知识，首先介绍了区间数的概念及其运算，在此基础上引入了区间值模糊集的概念、运算以及它与直觉模糊集之间的关系；然后介绍了topos和弱topos的相关概念，包括范畴、topos、中间元、弱topos、幂对象和拉回引理。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。