成年前的

The earliest of the great cave painters, working at Chauvet in southern France, 32,000 years ago, was obsessed with rhinoceroses. A later artist, working at Lascaux 15,000 years later, depicted mostly bison, bulls and horses—rhinoceroses must have been driven close to extinction by then.

在32000年前法国南部沙夫特洞穴里，在属于最早期的著名洞穴画家的作品中反映出他们风靡犀牛。15000年之后，另一位艺术家在拉斯科岩洞里的壁画大都成了野牛，公牛和马匹—那时犀牛一定已经濒临灭绝了。

From discoveries made in France and Slovenia even Neanderthal man, as long as 53,000 years ago, had developed surprisingly sophisticated, sweet-sounding flutes carved from animal bones.

在法国和斯洛文尼亚的发现表明，早在5万3千年前，尼安德特人就已经发明了用动物骨头雕刻而成的结构极为复杂、音色甜美的长笛。

It is a relatively independent worldhistorical epoch that has three phases.During the first one,starting fromabout 10000 years ago,the material foundations for civilization-agriculture,neolith and pottery tools,which constituted the three technicalinnovations-had been set.The second phase can be traced back to 7000 or 8000 years ago,when bronze ware,cities and writing,which are also known as thethree elements for civilization,eventually took shape.The third phase began about 5000 years ago,marked by the appearance of ancient states,an overallsymbol for the formation of civilization.

包含三个阶段：第一阶段是三大物质前提奠基期，从距今一万年前开始，"农业——新石器——陶器"，构成相互联系的三大技术创新；第二阶段是距今七八千年前，"铜器——城市——文字"三大文明要素生成期；第三阶段是距今五千年上下，原始国家的起源成了文明形成的总体标志。

It was originally proposed to call this settlement "Lilly Valley" to signify the profusion of flowers found here, but a printer's error in the first rules of the Association, the character for "Lotus" was used instead of that for "Lily", but ultimately by agreement it was renamed Lotus Valley.

起初人们建议将其命名百合谷，因为这里生长着大量的百合花，但是由于协会条例中印刷的错误，百合被错误地印刷成了莲花，后来大家就一致同意给它命名为莲花谷。12年前，协会成功地续签了这片土地的租约，政府反对开放莲花谷而且指定为历史古迹。

However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

但是这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上各自独立演化而成，还是来自于三千五百万年前他们共同的祖先，这还是一个悬而未决的问题。

However, once rooted,"transplanted hair is normal growing hair; it can be cut, coloured, curled and will grow forever," says hair colourist Daniel Galvin OBE, who had his first transplants four years ago.

但一旦移植后的头发生根下来之后，&它们就成了正常生长的头发，可以剪切、染色、吹卷，永远生长下去，&染发师丹尼尔·高尔文说，他在四年前进行了首次头发移植手术。

Cyclamates were introduced in the early 1950's as alternative sweeteners for use by individuals who needed reducing their sugar intake for medical reasons.

答案：D分析及考点：动词的用法，need 后面加to do sth，所以8ttt8改成 to reduce参考译文：糖精作为 dddtt 甜料的另一个选择在1950年前就被流传了，被那些因为8 Tt t 8。

Then, the crowds for ever passing and repassing on the bridges (on those which are free of toil at last), where many stop on fine evenings looking listlessly down upon the water with some vague idea that by and by it runs between green banks which grow wider and wider until at last it joins the broad vast sea--where some halt to rest from heavy loads and think as they look over the parapet that to smoke and lounge away one's life, and lie sleeping in the sun upon a hot tarpaulin, in a dull, slow, sluggish barge, must be happiness unalloyed--and where some, and a very different class, pause with heaver loads than they, remembering to have heard or read in old time that drowning was not a hard death, but of all means of suicide the easiest and best.

同为一桥，盖免税之桥，众人过之，情形迥异。有人凭栏怅望，恨滔滔流水，碧草夹岸，终成江海，逝者如斯夫；至若苦旅之人，稍得停驻，遐想乘舟一叶，随波逐流，睡热毯，抽烟斗，逍遥快活，此乐何极？亦有相反之阶层者，不堪重负，万念俱灰，犹忆旧时之言，溺水而亡，为简便易行之解脱。可能会有人说这是火星文，看不懂。不过我觉得，也只有中国的古文，才配得上一百多年前大师的行文风格。呵呵。今天先到这里了，以后写作之余，还会继续翻译下去，若能译完，也是一件美事哈！

This giant continental tear started in the north some 25 million years ago and has been gradually unzipping to the south, apparently on the way to splitting the African Plate into two new tectonic plates.

在2500万年前，这场大陆性的分裂始于其北部地带，逐渐分裂到南部地带，非洲板块就这样很明显地被分裂成两大新的构造板块。

La Toya Jackson has said that her brother Michael was "controlled" by people who would barge their way into his life.

拉脱亚的新歌&home&。所有所得将会捐到迈克的慈善事业中去。这首歌在5年前写成。

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。