岸坡

The total length of the embankment is 3 137 m, and the length of earthy embankment of the embankment is 2 917 m, materials of whichs are mainly Gabion stone template in revetment.

工程监测结果表明，截止2005年10月，该段岸坡无变形，取得了良好的经济和社会效益，值得在以后护岸工程治理中加以推广。

According to experiments, the hydrophyte has good effect on getting rid off some severe pollute material, to plant some particular plants can purify the water.

实验证明，水生植物对一些污染较为严重的水体可以起到净化的作用，除此之外还可以对岸坡起保护作用。

The highest elevation for the landslides distribution are correspond to the hypsography of the region, and lowest to the river erosion level.

巫山县北岸为调查区滑坡分布线密度最大的岸坡；滑坡堆积的后前缘在海拔970—65m范围，区域滑坡分布最高高程与该区的地势相应，前缘最低高程与该处最低侵蚀基准面相当。

The deep water deposition means the deposition in the area where the water depth is larger than 30 meters, in which the major sediments are coarse sand and gravel. This kind of deposition is the relic deposition formed by the Pleistocene alluvial-lacustine deposition reworked under modern channel currents actions, and ususally the Holocene acummulation lack in the deep waters. The transitional zone deposition is the deposition between the low tidal level line and the 30 meters isobath, where the sediment types is changeable and the grain sizes are gradually coarsening from the low tidal line to the deep water area. This kind of deposition is developed by the deep water eroded sediments sorting under the transitional zone current action. The different types distributed along the isobath. The tidal flat deposition is the fine sediment deposition on the tidal flat which is flo sedimentation of the silty clay under the tidal flat dynamic action and ususally developed fluid mud on the lower tidal flat. The channel mouth deposition is the deposition in the channel mouth area. According to the sediment types, it includes sand deposition where there are coarse sediments supply and silt deposition where there are only fine sediments surpport.

峡道深水区沉积是指水深大于30米的峡道底部沉积，它以粗颗粒砂砾石沉积为特色，是现代峡道水动力对第四纪海退时发育的冲洪积和坡积物进行改造形成的蚀余沉积，全新世沉积地层往往缺失；峡道过渡带沉积是指水深介于低潮位线至30米水深线之间发育的峡道边坡沉积，该带沉积以沉积物类型多样为特色，自低潮位线至30米水深线，沉积物粒级逐渐变粗，由粉砂质粘土逐渐递变为中粗砂，是峡道深水区沉积物经多次分选沉积而发育的，基本平行于等深线分布的条带状沉积，在岸坡较陡岸段，过渡带下部可发育重力沉积；峡道潮滩沉积是指在低潮线与海岸线之间发育的细颗粒沉积，它是粘性细颗粒泥沙在潮滩动力作用下，发生动水絮凝沉积而形成的粉砂质粘土沉积，在低潮滩可发育浮泥；峡道口门区沉积则是在峡道汇入大海或海湾时，在峡道出口水流影响所及范围的沉积，根据峡道口门区供给泥沙的特性，峡道口门区沉积有粉砂质淤泥沉积和砂质沉积两种类型。

According to whether influenced by the storage of reservoir, the landslides are divided into two kinds. The paper selects rock landside and soil landside to evaluate the stability as examples.

然后根据水库蓄水后库水对滑坡稳定性影响，选择岩质边坡和松散堆积层岸坡这两大典型类型来分析库岸滑坡的稳定性。

The whole variable features and regularities of geo-stress field are summed up in Xiluodu deep-cutting gorge. The results reveal that the major and minor principal stress of measure point increase lineally with the vertical depths in the gorge area, and also indicate that the coefficient a〓, a〓, b〓, and b〓 of the linear equation are changeable with the erosion depth of rock mass.

认为该峡谷区中，谷河底部最大、最小水平应力量值总体上具有随深度增加而线性增大的特征，但其线性方程的系数a〓、a〓、b〓、b〓，随地表高程的低高或者说河谷侵蚀厚度的深浅而变化；岸坡山体中仅存在应力降低区和应力相对平稳区而没有明显的应力增高区，应力降低区与应力相对平稳区的分界线在水平埋深135～165m之间。

The fruits of research in the thesis as follow:(1) The principle of variation of earth pressures on the culverts beneath the high fills are investigated in the thesis.

论文通过模型试验和数值模拟计算，研究了狭窄沟谷地形、宽坦沟谷地形、岸坡设涵和坡脚设涵四种边界条件下的高填方涵洞土压力随填土高度变化的规律，研究结果表明，在各种边界条件下，高填方涵洞涵顶土压力变化规律相似，当填土达到一定高度后，仍有部分土压力传递到涵顶上，使高填方涵洞的土压力不随填土高度成线性增加，土压力呈非线性变化，高填方涵洞的土压力明显低于理论土压力σ=γH计算值。

The conclusion of the function of riprap layer is enforce the erosion resistance of slope is set up by the safety factor comparison between natural slope and riprap slope. At last, appraise the bank revetment project in Sima bend by study on incipient velocity of riprap.

通过抛石前后安全系数的对比得出抛石层的主要作用为增强岸坡的抗冲制能力的结论，最后通过对抛石起动流速的研究，对嘶马岸段的抛石护岸工程进行了评价。

In this paper, the authors classify the problems into landslide, rockfall and collapse of river bank, and relevant influence factors, for example, geo-material properties, weathering and surface/ground water, and finally suggest some control measurements.

文章根据多年积累的大量实际资料分析研究，总结了南充市区的主要斜坡工程地质灾害类型为滑坡、崩塌及岸坡失稳。其中以滑坡最为常见；影响斜坡工程地质问题产生的主要因素为岩土性质、风化作用和水的作用；针对不同的斜坡工程地质问题，提出了具体的工程防治对策。

The amplificatory effect of the slope height leads to the amplitude change should be embodied in future research for large hydraulic constructions.

对大型水工建筑物而言，岸坡高差对地震波的放大效应导致的输入运动的幅值变化也应该在今后的工作中具体体现。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。