对比法

Compared with GDQR and FEM, the error of displacement was 2.4 percent and the error of force was 4.2 percent in the solutions.

介绍了广义微分求积法的一般原则，对比了用传统DQ法与GDQR在处理截面突变问题中的优劣，研究了用DQ法试解静水压力作用下变截面环向加箍贮液罐圆筒问题，由于变截面处的奇异性问题，所得到的结果不收敛，而采用GDQR重解该问题则得到收敛解。

Besides, a new approach named Detector Based Reflectance Calibration has been developed, which is independent of spectral response function.

同时，提出了独立于相对光谱响应函数的基于标准探测器的反射比定标法，并与辐亮度法和Langley法进行了对比分析，其定标结果具有一致性。

The first one focuses upon the fundamental theory and methods of system identification, including the basic concepts of system description and identification,review of matrix theory, stochastic process and pulse response of linear systems; the first principle models for lumped and distributed parameter systems; modeling of bioreactions; auto regressive moving average model; weighted least square and regressive weighted least square for parameter estimation of ARMA model; Runge-Kutta and Simplex methods; an example of BPNN application; as well as Kalman Filter.

第一部分包括知识驱动建模、数据驱动建模、参数估计和状态估计的基础理论和方法。具体为：(1)系统辨识和系统描述的基本概念，包括矩阵论、随机过程、线性系统的脉冲响应函数等基础知识回顾；(2)基于动态物料和能量衡算的集总参数、分布参数对象的知识驱动建模方法；(3)生物反应系统的建模方法；(4)自回归移动平均模型；(5) ARMAX模型参数的加权最小二乘参数估计一次性算法和递推算法，相应的统计性质；(6)龙格库塔法和单纯形法；BP神经网络应用实例；(7)卡尔曼滤波器，及其与加权最小二乘参数估计递推算法的对比。

And it is concluded that the gradually recovery of shear strength is an important factor of reducing the velocity of the landslides during the sliding process. New slopes stability analysis method in Tongchuan are offered, that is the fuzzy information optimization method, then taking example for Liecai road tollgate landslide, the method is contrast with limit equilibrium method and 2D FEM stability analysis.

同时提出了铜川地区黄土斜坡稳定性分析的新方法和新途径，即模糊信息优化处理法，以铜川焦坪烈柴公路收费站滑坡为例，对提出的方法进行验证，并与极限平衡法和二维弹塑性有限元分析法作了对比。

In order to break the deadlock of unitarity of wushu and the bottleneck after wushu failed to be an event of the 2008 Olympic Games, this paper, through documentation, comparison, exemplification and comprehensive analysis, discusses the theory of softening development of competitive sports applied to wushu.

为了打破当前武术发展单一化的局面和突破武术入奥失败后的发展瓶颈，运用文献资料法、对比分析法、综合分析法对竞技体育的软式化发展理论进行了探析，就软式化发展理论运用于武术的发展进行了科学的解析。

However, in designing the beamless slabs with equivalent frame method, the stress is an average values along the depth of section, which varies with the normal service state. Compared with the results by finite element method, the results gained by equivalent frame method cannot satisfy the requirement under the normal service state. Therefore, the tendons of beamless slabs should be designed and arranged based on the results of FEM taking account into vertical load and prestressed load.

本文通过分析，认为采用等代框架法进行无梁板设计时，其内力是基于截面平均的结果，在正常使用状态与实际受力状态有很大的不同，通过对比等代框架法和有限元计算的正常使用极限状态应力可知，按等代框架法设计的预应力布置并不能保证其正常使用极限状态的要求，据此提出了应根据无梁板在竖向荷载和预应力共同作用下弹性有限元分析结果进行预应力筋布置的建议。

For double jet method, effects of used solvent, shape of stirrer, adding reactant position, reaction temperature, excessive silver ion concentration in reaction solution and adding rate on the nucleus formation, and growth of silver behenate crystal were systematically studied.

本文分别采用单注沉淀法和双注沉淀法制备了山嵛酸银晶体，通过对两种制备方法的对比及优选，最后确定双注沉淀法更适合制备细粒径的山嵛酸银，通过采用SEM、TEM等对山嵛酸银晶体形貌的表征发现，制备山嵛酸银所使用的溶剂、搅拌方式、加料的位置、反应温度、反应初始液中银离子浓度及加料速度等，均对山嵛酸银的晶体成核与生长有一定的影响。

Finally, the method of triangle is compared with energy centrobaric correction method, with the conc...

最后将三角形法和能量重心法进行了对比，得出了三角形法受信噪比变化影响较小的结论。

After the analysis of the difficulties of force tracking in impedance control, the advantages and disadvantages of off-line parameter estimate algorithm, on-line parameter estimate algorithm and adaptive force control algorithm have been contrastively studied in the force regulation of HIT-1 dextrous robot hand.

本文在分析阻抗控制力跟踪难点的基础上，对比研究了离线环境参数估计法、在线环境参数估计法和自适应力跟踪法三种阻抗控制的力跟踪方法，并且从实际应用的角度出发提出了适合于HIT-1机器人灵巧手阻抗控制的自适应力跟踪方法。

This paper introduces the residual income valuation model′academic framework and various transfigurations. Based on the keystone of EVA valuation model,it sets up some frondose material valuation models,while comparing EVA model with some conventional valuation models.

从剩余收益估价模型的理论框架及其蜕变情势起程，在论述 EVA估价法根基原理的根基上，创立了相应的评估模型，并将经济利润EVA估价法与现行的传统估价法进行了对比。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。