定义对比

It researches the regularity of A(geometrical cross section area of valve),Sc(obtained by the definition of effective cross section area of valve),Sa and Sv(obtained by sonic velocity air exhaust method) to the change of the opening of valve,x...

研究了A，Sc(根据试验由有效截面积S的定义算出)，Sa及 Sv随阀开度x变化而变的规律，通过对比探讨了求解以上各种有效截面积方法的可靠性及相互关系等。

It researches the regularity of A (geometrical cross section area of valve), Sc (obtained by the definition of effective cross section area of valve), Sa and Sv (obtained by sonic velocity air exhaust method) to the change of the opening of valve, x. By contrastive method this thesis discusses the reliability and correlation of all methods above for solving effective cross section area of valve.

研究了 A， Sc （根据试验由有效截面积 S 的定义算出）， Sa及 Sv随阀开度 x 变化而变的规律，通过对比探讨了求解以上各种有效截面积方法的可靠性及相互关系等。

This section mainly involves body language and gesticulation, in specific, it discusses history of development of research on human body language, definition and classification of Russian body language, basic features and function of Russian body language, comparison of gesticulations in Russia, China and English-speaking countries, etc.

本部分主要涉及体素语言和身势语，具体谈了人类体素语言研究的历史发展及俄语中体素语言的定义和分类，俄罗斯体素语言的基本特征及其功能，俄、汉、英语国家身势语的对比等。

It describes Hanseatic League's formation and prosperity, including the definition of the League, organizational structure, etc., and presumes that the powerful League is the resorts of its merchants entering into England and engaging in commercial activities. On the other hand, in England, during 13 to 15 century, because of the burden of "the Hundred Years War", the force of state had weakening; the level of economy seems relative low, which give Hanseatic merchants a huge space to engaged in commercial activities in England.

叙述汉萨同盟的形成和繁荣情况，包括同盟的定义、组织结构、分布范围，认为汉萨同盟的强大是其商人能进入英国从事商业活动的力量凭靠；而13至15世纪的英国，由于"百年战争"，英国的国家力量出现弱化，而经济在横向对比中又显得相对落后，这就为汉萨商人提供了从事商业活动的巨大空间。

The concrete work and main contribution are as follows:(1) The index indicating transfer capability homogeneousness is defined, and the new terms like homogeneous grid, grid according with economic flow are put forward. These new concepts describe the degree in which transfer capability is utilized, and they provide the standard for ideal grid whose transfer capability and power generation dispatching economy are in phase. So, new idea is introduced in transfer capability analysis.(2) The multi-objective function with generation cost and transfer capability homogeneousness weighted is constructed. The relationship between system existing generation dispatching and transfer capability is revealed through comparative analysis between security economic dispatch and security homogeneous dispatch, and the variation rule analysis between generation cost and transfer capability homogeneousness with the change of weighting coefficient.(3) Example analyses demonstrate that the difference between specific power system with ideal instance can be identified effectively using the above concepts and method.

具体工作和贡献主要体现在：(1)定义了衡量电网输电能力均匀性分布的指标，提出均匀电网、符合经济流电网的新概念，以描述电网输电能力被利用的程度，并给出输电能力和发电调度经济性相协调的理想电网标准，在输电能力分析评判领域引入了新观点；(2)构造了发电费用与输电均匀性加权的多目标函数，通过对安全经济调度与安全均匀调度的对比分析，以及权系数变化过程中发电费用与输电均匀性的变化规律分析，揭示了系统现存发电调度与输电能力之间的依赖关系；(3)大量分析表明，利用上述概念和方法可有效识别系统在特定模式下与符合经济流电网的偏差程度。

The paper presents a classification of six typical traffic states based on real-detected data and traffic flow model,and then an introduction of the definition and identification method of "state transition" to explain congestion mechanism.A comparison is conducted between "State transition" and B S Kerner's "phase transition",and an analysis is made of its characteristics at different sections and in different hours.

基于实测数据和交通流模型，划分了六种典型交通状态，提出了"状态跳转"的概念及判别方法以解释拥挤机理；对比了状态跳转与B S Kerner的"相变"理论的差异及其随路段、时段的变化规律；最后给出了拥挤阈值的定义、指标、确定方法，分析了影响因素及与交通控制的关系。

Lebesgue measure is introduced in knowledge base, knowledge measure and knowledge measurable sets are defined.

在知识库中引入勒贝格测度，定义了知识测度和知识可测，对比勒贝格测度研究了知识测度的性质，并得出了波雷耳集与知识可测集等价等强于勒贝格测度的性质。

Regarding (6) type, when tradition Time variable t is two spatial vectors (+ psi 1i) and (- psi 2j) Crossed products v also is not 0, it (x1, x2, x3) differs 90 compared to on speed with the three-dimensional space in the space by the pure imaginary number attribute, I=e^I pi, therefore it Number space has in the physical property with the dot product constitution the difference, because Crossed products psi 1i (X psi 2j extremely small visible it is equal to zero under the conventional speed, but is very big in the object movement speed time, Crossed products psi 1i (X psi 2j in the physical quantity and for the quantum mechanics in may not to the easy quantity, its space and the conventional space is different, the performance is intrinsic or the interior space If the definition vector (+ psi 1i) and (- psi 2j) the dot product constitutes the three-dimensional space (x1, x2, x3) is exterior space, but the three-dimensional space which (+ psi 1i) and (- psi 2j) Crossed products constitutes by the vector is the internal space, contrasts its component

对于⑥式，传统时间量t为两个空间矢量(+ψ1i)与(-ψ2j)的叉积比上速度v且不为0，其与三维空间(x1，x2，x3)在空间上相差90度以纯虚数表征，I=e^Iπ，故其与点积构成的实空间有物理性质上的不同，因为在常规速率下叉积ψ1i(Xψ2j非常小可视其等于零，而在物体运动速率很大时，叉积ψ1i(Xψ2j之中物理量与则为量子力学中的不可对易量，其空间与常规空间不同，表现为一个内在或内部性空间。若定义矢量(+ψ1i)与(-ψ2j)点积所构成的三维空间(x1，x2，x3)为外部空间，而由矢量(+ψ1i)与(-ψ2j)叉积而构成的三维空间为内部空间，对比其分量

In order to indicate the difference in the molecular structures,the reduced topological index is defined,which is the ratio of the topological index of a molecule and that of the n...

为更突出地表达分子间的结构差异，定义了对比拓扑指数，即烷烃分子的拓扑指数与同碳数正构烷烃的拓扑指数之比。

H. Freyer, as Philosopher and Sociologist, and the first Bearer of the German professorship for Sociology in Leipzig, keeps the mind that the notion of "Ideal Type" is "a logical peculiarity of historical and cultural cognition" and "oversees the contrast of personal and general methods of thinking, on one hand, by defining the logical character in individual, and on the other, by progressing on the way to generalization only till showing the typicalness and not the pure general rule".

每小时弗里尔，作为哲学家和社会学家，以及对社会学教授在德国莱比锡首次承载，保持了记，"理想类型"的概念是"一种历史和文化的认知逻辑的特殊性"和"监督对比个人和一般方法的思考，一方面，通过定义个别逻辑性，另一方面，通过这样的概括工作进展只有到显示典型性，而不是单纯的一般规则"。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。