基因等位

Gene frequency The proportion of an allele in a population in relation to other alleles of the same gene.

基因频率：指某一特殊类型的等位基因在群体中所有等位基因总数中所占的比率。

According to compound genotypic allelomorph construction,there are nine kinds of haplotype allelomorph.

根据复合基因型的等位基因构成，存在九种单倍型等位基因。

A person with a pair of identical alleles for a particular gene is a homozygote; a person with a pair of dissimilar alleles is a heterozygote.

一个人如果带有某个基因的两个相同的等位基因，是纯合子；如带有两个不相同的等位基因，则为杂合子。

A person with a pair of identical alleles for a particular gene is a homozygote; a person with a pair of di imilar alleles is a heterozygote.

一个人如果带有某个基因的两个相同的等位基因，是纯合子；如带有两个不相同的等位基因，则为杂合子。

Meanwhile, Tibetan sheep (breeded in Sanjiaocheng of Qinghai, Huangcheng and Gannan of Gansu ), Mincounty Blank Fur sheep and Texel and Poll Dorset were controlled. The results indicated that polymorphism was tested at the loci of Hb, Tf and Es, that erythrocyte protein 1 and 2 were monomorphism. There were a couple of allele and three genotypes at the loci of Hb and Es. There were 10 genotypes at the locus of Tf, which was determined by 5 alleles.

结果表明，青海细毛羊和甘肃高山细毛羊的血红蛋白、转铁蛋白和酯酶基因座上存在丰富的多态性，其中Hb和Es位点受一对等位基因控制，共构成3种基因型；Tf位点受5个等位基因控制，共构成10种基因型；而红细胞蛋白质-1（EP-1）和红细胞蛋白质-2（EP-2）基因座均呈显单态；青海细毛羊的AMY基因座具有AMY1、AMY2、AMY3三种同工酶，其中AMY2呈多态，有AMY2A和AMY2O两种表现型，而甘肃高山细毛羊的AMY呈显单态。

To date, one allele coding fast acetyltor (wild-type NAT2*4) and several mutated alleles coding for impaired acetylator activity have been identified.

NAT2基因具有高度的多态性，至今为止1个快型野生型等位基因(NAT2*4)和一些慢型野生型等位基因已被证实。

The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Dai population were 0.0000,0.2130,0.2030,respectively;The frequencies of CCR5delta32,CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles in Chingpaw population were 0.000,0.1637,0.1770,respectively.Distributions of the CCR2b-64I,SDF1-3′A alleles among the both populations were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.No statistical difference was found in the allelic frequencies of both CCR2b-64I and SDF1-3′A between male and female individuals.

结果表明，中国傣族景颇族人群中未发现CCR5△32等位基因突变；傣族CCR2b-64I、SDF1-3′A基因突变频率分别为0.2130和0.2030，景颇族CCR2b-64I和SDF1-3′A基因突变频率分别为0.1637和0.1770；与中国汉族人群相比较，傣族和景颇族中SDF1-3′A突变频率较低（P值分别为0.0322和0.0021）；两个民族的CCR2b-64I和SDF1-3′A等位基因群体分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡，在性别之间分布无显著差异。

The average percentage of polymorphic bands are 72.06% for ISSR and 66.67% for RAPD respectively. The genetic diversity of ginkgo revealed by ISSR (the average effective number of alleles is 1.8780, the average Nei"s gene diversity is 0.4652, and the average Shannon"s information index is 0.6574) are all higher than those by RAPD (the average effective number of alleles is 1.7842, the average Nei"s gene diversity is 0.4317, and the average Shannon"s information index is 0.6211), while the standard errors of the parameters estimated by ISSR were lower. Therefore, ISSR molecular markers are more suited than RAPD molecular markers when testing the genetic diversity of ginkgo populations and determining the genetic relationship of among populations or among individuals which are much similar hereditarily.

本文应用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术，选取中国5个可能的野生银杏居群共计75个样品，对其遗传多样性进行了研究，得出以下结论：(1)用筛选出的12个RAPD引物和10个ISSR引物进行PCR扩增，分别扩增出65条和68条重复性高、清晰的条带，多态性位点百分率分别66.67%和72.06%，ISSR揭示的银杏遗传多样性(平均有效等位基因数目为1.8780，平均基因多样度为0.4652，平均信息指数为0.6574)高于RAPD所得到的结果(平均有效等位基因数目为1.7842，平均基因多样度为0.4317，平均信息指数为0.6211)，其所估算参数的标准差要低于RAPD所估算出的值，因此，在研究亲缘关系非常近的银杏物种的遗传多样性并试图确定居群间或个体间的遗传关系时，ISSR分子标记技术比RAPD分子标记技术更为合适。

The allele E of ADL252 had a significantly positive correlation with EW,and the allele C of ADL252 had a significantly negative correlation with egg weight at first egg in Silkies.

标记G01672基因型为EE、AE所对应开产蛋重最小二乘均值与基因型为CE、CC的对应值间差异显著；等位基因E与开产蛋重有显著正相关，等位基因C与开产蛋重有显著负相关。

FHIT gene alterations preferentially occur in squamous cell carcinoma patients and smokers, and FHIT gene may be a candidate molecular target of carcinogenesis in tobacco smoker. Allelic deletion of FHIT gene might be an early molecular event in smoking-related lung cancer.

FHIT等位基因缺失主要发生在肺鳞癌和吸烟患者中，且FHIT基因可能为烟草致肺癌的靶基因，其等位基因缺失可能是肺癌的早期分子事件。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。