基因内区

Based on macromorphological and micromorphological characters, as well as conidium ornamentation observed with scanning electron microscopy, Aspergillus sp. D-l was affiliated to Aspergillus Section Versicolores. Further, DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer was used as the molecular characteristic, and analyzed with the DNAMAN 5.2.2 program and the Mega 3.0 program.

采用真菌核糖体基因内转录间隔区序列作为分子标记，利用DNAMAN 5.2.2和Mega 3.0等软件对其进行同源性和进化关系分析，在种的水平上将Aspergillus sp.D-1归属为Aspergillus versicolor，并将该菌株命名为A.versicolor D-1。

The human CTLA-4 gene, which lies on 2q33, has four exons: exon 1 encodes leader sequence, exon2 encodes 116 Aa forming extra-cellular V-like functional domain, exon 3 encodes 37 Aa of hydrophobic membrane domain and exon 4 encodes 34 Aa of cytoplast domain.

人类的CTLA-4基因位于2q33，有四个外显子组成，其中第一外显子编码前导序列，第二外显子编码116个氨基酸组成的胞外功能区，第三外显子编码37个氨基酸组成的疏水性跨膜区，第四外显子编码34个氨基酸组成的胞内区。

Since then, the gene localization has developed from simply being described as at the euchromatin region and heterochromatin region to more complicated nuclear localization. Therefore, the gene regulation attracted more attention now.

因此基因在细胞核内的定位就由原来简单认为的异染色质区和常染色质区发展得更为深入了，基因在细胞核内的定位以及位置的变化与基因表达调控之间的关系也越来越受到重视。

An enriched PCR fragments with less complexity were obtained and mainly expressed in the denervated hippoampus After cloning into the plasmid vector, 46 clones were initially screened and subjected to autosequencing By comparison with the EMBO gene databases, 21 gene fragments of different types were obtained with 11 similar to genes of known function and 10 similar to ones of unknown function It is inferable that the altered gene expressions of hippocampus following the entorhinally denervation may underlie the specfic reinnervation and the formation of synapses by transplanted entorhinal neurons with host neuropil within the denervated target areas.

初步挑选出的46个转化后的阳性克隆，经点杂交筛选和基因序列分析，与Gene Database同源性比较后，得到21种基因片段，其中功能已知的有11种，功能未知的有10种。结果表明海马在去内嗅皮层后某些基因表达的改变，这可能是移植胚胎内嗅皮层神经细胞轴突特异支配去神经靶区和重建突触联系有关。

The internal transcribed spacer regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA from 8 species of subgenus Amygdalus were sequenced, and analyzed together with other ITS data of 18 species representing subgenus Cerasus, subgenus Armeniaca and subgenus Primus by using of Padus racemosa Gilib. and Padus buergeriana Yüet Ku as outgroup for studying phylogeny of subgenera in stone fruit plants.

采用核核糖体DNA内转录间隔区对桃亚属的光核桃、甘肃桃、新疆桃、山桃、陕甘山桃、扁桃、野扁桃基因序列测序及来源于GenBank的李、杏、梅、樱的18个种的ITS区基因序列，以稠李和楼木、梅和杏分别作为对桃亚属及其近缘亚属植物、桃亚属各种类的外类群，进行系统发育树的建立。

The internal transcribed spacer region in rRNA gene of Auricularia polytricha was cloned and sequenced, and the sequences were compared with those of some common species of Auricularia.

对毛木耳7个菌株rRNA基因内转录间区进行了克隆测序，并将其与木耳属其它几种的相应序列进行了比较。

The RT-PCR product was inserted into pTG19-T vector and transformed into E. coli successfully. By blastn, the sequence results of Kunming mus musculus were in complete accordance with the conservative sequence of Genbank NR_003278 (791bp-1153bp). By Blastn in NCBI, the sequence with little difference among animals was confirmed to be conservative. After Blastn, fourteen complete CDS coding for different animals were chosen. According to VECTOR NIT 9.0 software, the similarities between Kunming mus musculus and bos taurus, homo sapiens, erinaceus europaeus, cricetulus griseus, sus scrofa, dasypus novemcinctus, rattus norvegicus, rabbit, equus caballus, macaca fascicularis, didelphis virginiana, monodelphis domestica and vombatus ursinus was 67%, 100%, 100%, 36%, 100%, 100%, 67%, 100%, 100%, 92%, 99%, 99% and 99%. In the phylogenetic tress constructed with the forteen 18S rRNA by Treeview, the Kunming mus musculus clustered with cricetulus griseus, sus scrofa and rabbit, which was nearer to cricetulus griseus and was most far away from macaca fascicularis.(3) After sencodary structure analyses of 18S rRNA of mus musculus, an oligonucleotide fragment for RNAi was designed and synthesized, which was transformed into plasmid, and restriction enzyme analyses and sequencing results should the expression plasmid pGPH1/ GFP/Neo-mouse-sh 18S rRNA were constructed for RNAi successfully.

结果①通过RT-PCR检测显示18S rRNA基因在小鼠卵巢组织和单个GV期、MⅠ期卵母细胞中均有表达，且在未成熟卵母细胞中，MⅠ期的表达明显强于GV期的表达；②RT-PCR产物克隆测序结果显示：昆明小鼠18S rRNA基因保守区序列与基因库序列[NR_003278保守区部分(791bp～1153bp)]完全一致；Blastn比对结果发现：在不同物种中差异较小，选出14种生物18S rRNA全序列经VECTOR NIT 9.0软件分析，提示昆明小鼠18SrRNA与牛、人类、刺猬、中国仓鼠、猪、犰狳、褐鼠、兔子、马、食蟹猴、负鼠、短尾猊、袋熊的18S rRNA的相似率依次为67%，100%，100%，36%，100%，100%，67%，100%，100%，92%，99%，99%，99%；Clustal 1.81和Treeview构建出的分子进化树表明：在上述14种生物中昆明小鼠与中国仓鼠进化关系最近，与兔子、猪聚成一簇，与食蟹猴进化关系最远；③根据18S rRNA二级结构设计并合成RNA干扰寡核苷酸片段，重组质粒经过限制性内切酶及测序表明成功构建了pGPH1/GFP/Neo-mouse-sh 18S rRNA干扰表达质粒。

To study the taxonomy position of two Trypanosoma evansi strains from buffalos in Guangxi and Hubei provinces, the ITS (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) gene of the T. evansi were amplified by PCR and sequenced.

为研究从水牛分离到的伊氏锥虫广西株和湖北株的分类学地位，对2株伊氏锥虫的核糖体基因内转录间隔区(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)基因进行了克隆和测序分析。

Multiple variants were detected in the promoter, exonic, intronic and 3'-UTR regions of CYP2C9, of which 16 were novel, including 7 non-synonymous exonic variants.

在新加坡多种族人群的CYP2C9蛋白编码区、启动子区、3'-未转录区和内显子区中总共发现了30个CYP2C9基因变异，其中新的基因变异有16个，包括7个蛋白编码区的错义突变。

In order to elucidate the regulation mechanism of RU5 region to BFV gene expression, BFV3026 provirus DNA was used to construct the plasmids containing different deletion of R region, which were cotransfected with luc report gene locatied behind the IP promoter to BL12 cells, and luciferase activities was assayed, confirming that U5 region could repress the initiation function of LTR as well as IP. The BFV structure genes with different deletion of R region were cloned closely behind to heterogenous CMV promoter, then transfected to 293T cells, RT activity was performed, testifying the R region was required for BFV pol gene expression, and also the function domain was identified within the 100n.t. sequence at the 5′end.

以牛泡沫病毒(Bovine foamy virus， BFV)中国株BFV3026原病毒DNA为材料，构建R区系列缺失质粒，通过对其转染细胞中RT水平及对缺失质粒与luc报告质粒共转染细胞中萤火虫荧光素酶活性的测定，确立U5区对于BFV3026两类启动子LTR和IP均具有负调控作用；同时将带有不同R区的BFV3026结构基因片段克隆于异源启动子CMV之下，通过对其转染细胞293T中RT酶活性的测定，确立R区对于病毒结构基因pol的表达具有一定的调节作用，并将其功能区域初步界定在R区5′端100bp内。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。