发生

In this paper, the author records followed, in February 1996 the capacity of 3 to 7 day and night and seismic November 9, 1996 Health and Activity 160 kilometers before and after the 6.1 earthquake, meteorological cloud anomalies of the whole process of change , and 2-4 days in advance of earthquake prediction and the magnitude of the region; the earthquake in China's Xinjiang, Tibet, earthquake, earthquake in Yunnan Province, four Kawasaki Wenchuan 8 earthquake, the Taiwan earthquake, Iran earthquakes, the earthquake in Pakistan, Afghanistan, earthquake, earthquake in Indonesia and Japan earthquake happened before and after the anomaly caused by meteorological satellite cloud images and the different characteristics of the atmospheric circulation anomalies; describes the November 4, 1952 Kamchatka 8.5 earthquake and November 6, 1958 Kuril Islands 8.2 earthquake in 1960, May 21 Day 2 after 7.9 earthquake occurred in Chile and 8.5 earthquakes, August 25, 1933 North Sichuan Timor-mao Diego River and the 7.5 earthquake in 1976 in Tangshan, Hebei 7.8 earthquake happened before and after the abnormal atmospheric circulation features; analyzed, drought in our country large floods, heavy rain and local in 2008 China's 21 provinces in spring Serious frozen snow disasters, which occurred due to seismic activity.

本文介绍了笔者跟踪观察记录的，1996年2月3日云南丽江7级地震和1996年11月9日上海东160公里6.1级地震发生前后，气象卫星云图异常特征变化的全过程，并提前2—4天预测出地震发生区域和震级；阐述了我国新疆地震、西藏地震、云南地震、四川汶川8级大地震、台湾地震、伊朗地震、巴基斯坦地震、阿富汗地震、印尼地震和日本地震，发生前后引起气象卫星云图异常变化的不同特征和异常的大气环流；描述了1952年11月4日堪察加8.5级地震和1958年11月6日千岛群岛8.2级地震，1960年5月21日后24日智利发生7.9级地震和8.5级地震，1933年8月25日四川茂汶北迭溪7.5级地震和1976年河北唐山7.8级地震，发生前后大气环流出现异常的特征；分析研究了，我国大旱大涝、局部大暴雨和2008年春季我国21个省发生严重冰冻雨雪灾害，发生的原因是地震活动。

Neuroectoderm; neural crest; neural plate; floor plate; neural tube; neuraxis; neurulation; neuroblasts; neural stem cells; neuroprogenitor cells; stem cells; differentiation; ontogeny; morphogenesis; histogenesis; organogenesis; synaptogenesis; gangliogenesis; embryogenesis; axonogenesis; retinogenesis; gliogenesis; glial progenitor cells; oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; retinal progenitor cells; nerve growth factor; neurotrophic factors; trophic factors; growth factors; neural tube defects; anencephaly; spina bifida; neuroblastoma cells; neurogenesis; development; developmental stages

神经外胚层；神经脊；神经板；底板；神经管；轴索；神经胚形成；成神经细胞；神经干细胞；神经母细胞；干细胞；分化；个体发生；形态发生；组织发生；器官发生；突触发生；gangliogenesis；胚胎发生；axonogenesis；retinogenesis；gliogenesis；神经胶质祖细胞；少突神经胶质细胞祖细胞；视网膜祖细胞；神经生长因子；神经营养因子；营养因子；生长因素；神经管故障；无脑；脊柱裂；成神经细胞瘤细胞；神经发生；发展；发展进程

Neuroectoderm; neural crest; neural plate; floor plate; neural tube; neuraxis; neurulation; neuroblasts; stem cells; differentiation; ontogeny; morphogenesis; histogenesis; organogenesis; synaptogenesis; gangliogenesis; embryogenesis; axonogenesis; retinogenesis; gliogenesis; glial progenitor cells; oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; retinal progenitor cells; nerve growth factor; neurotrophic factors; trophic factors; growth factors; neural tube defects; anencephaly; spina bifida; neuroblastoma cells; cell migration; neurogenesis; development; developmental stages

神经外胚层；神经脊；神经板；底板；神经管；轴索；神经胚形成；成神经细胞；干细胞；分化；个体发生；形态发生；组织发生；器官发生；突触发生；gangliogenesis；胚胎发生；axonogenesis；retinogenesis；gliogenesis；神经胶质祖细胞；少突神经胶质细胞祖细胞；视网膜祖细胞；神经生长因子；神经营养因子；营养因子；生长因素；神经管故障；无脑；脊柱裂；成神经细胞瘤细胞；细胞迁移；神经发生；发展；发展进程首页上一页下一页末页共有 22 条记录，本页从第 11 到第 20 条。

And the average WDI for every month was calculated from 60 decades WDI and the drought frequency for every month was obtained with a drought criterion. Results showed that: in spring, North-western China, Northern China and Southern China have a higher drought frequency; in May to August, the region that has a higher drought frequency focus on North-western China and Northern China; from September to December, North-western China, Northern China, center China and Sichuan basin has a higher drought frequency (6) The relationship between average WDI for all the 720 decades in 20 years and average precipitation was analysed and was used to regionalize drought in China.

5分析我国近20年干旱发生的时空分布特征：利用1982-2001年NOAAAVHRR8km数据集，计算了20年来我国各旬干旱空间分布，并根据一定的干旱发生判断标准，统计我国不同地区在各月相发生干旱的频率和各月份平均WDI，初步分析我国干旱发生的时空格局，结果表明：在春季，西北地区、华北平原和华南大部分地区的干旱发生频率都比较高；在5-8月份，高频率干旱发生地区就主要集中在西北和华北平原地区；9-12月份干旱发生高频率地区在主要在西北、华北、华中和四川盆地等地。

Neuroectoderm; neural crest; neural plate; floor plate; neural tube; neuraxis; neurulation; neuroblasts; stem cells; differentiation; ontogeny; morphogenesis; histogenesis; organogenesis; synaptogenesis; gangliogenesis; embryogenesis; axonogenesis; retinogenesis; gliogenesis; glial progenitor cells; oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; retinal progenitor cells; nerve growth factor; neurotrophic factors; trophic factors; growth factors; neural tube defects; anencephaly; spina bifida; neuroblastoma cells; cell migration; neurogenesis; development; developmental stages

神经外胚层；神经脊；神经板；底板；神经管；轴索；神经胚形成；成神经细胞；干细胞；分化；个体发生；形态发生；组织发生；器官发生；突触发生；gangliogenesis；胚胎发生；axonogenesis；retinogenesis；gliogenesis；神经胶质祖细胞；少突神经胶质细胞祖细胞；视网膜祖细胞；神经生长因子；神经营养因子；营养因子；生长因素；神经管故障；无脑；脊柱裂；成神经细胞瘤细胞；细胞迁移；神经发生；发展；发展进程下一页末页共有 23 条记录，本页从第 1 到第 10 条。

RESULTS AND CONCLUSLON: A total of 2 of 6 autogenous bone grafting cases suffered from graft bone dislocation, 1 suffered from pseudoarthrosis formation, and 1 suffered from donated ilium. Six of 21 autogenous bone graft with cervical plate-screw fixation suffered from loss of intervertebral height, and 3 suffered from pain of donated ilium.

结果与结论：6例单纯植骨患者中2例发生植骨块脱出，1例发生融合节段假关节形成，1例发生髂骨供区疼痛；21例椎体间自体髂骨植骨内固定患者中6例发生椎间高度丢失，3例发生髂骨供区疼痛；65例椎体间钛网植骨融合内固定患者中11例发生内植物下沉，椎间高度丢失，1例发生内固定断裂。

Results 5 cases central gaugliocytoma and 2 cases colloid cyst were located at middle line of ventricle,6 cases medulloblastoma were located at the top of the fourth ventricle or super cerebellum vermis,5 cases ependymoma were located at one lateral ventricle,3 cases ependymoma were located at the fouth ventricle,2 cases papilloma of choroid plexus werre located at triangle area of lateral ventricle,2 cases meningioma were located at triangle area of lateral ventricle,1 cases astrocytoma were located at lateral ventricle anterior horn.

结果 5例中央性神经细胞瘤和2例胶样囊肿发生于中线室间孔区；6例髓母细胞瘤分别发生于小脑上蚓部和四脑室顶部近中线区；5例室管膜瘤发生在单侧脑室，年龄分别为28～36岁；3例室管膜瘤发生在四脑室，年龄分别为7～13岁；2例脉络丛乳头状瘤发生侧脑室三角区，年龄13～15岁；2例脑膜瘤发生在侧脑室三角区，年龄为15～71岁，1例巨细胞型星形细胞瘤发生在右侧脑室底部，年龄为30岁。

ABSTRACT It is because that the excellent acceptors for maize transgenic engineering are insufficient in our country, especially in the southwest mountain areas of china and hereditary variation regularity for the two characters such as efficiency of embryonic callus induction and number of regenerating plant (these two characters were abbreviated to the nduction efficiency and number of regenerating in the following of the paper, respectively), which hint the maize culturing capacity, is not very clear. Therefore, aiming at picking out superior acceptors, we had made systematic researches on the two characters with combing traditional quantitative-character genetic analyzing methods such as single-factor genetic mating design, diallel crossing genetic design, genetic effect analyzing method and the modern molecular locating method such as QTLs'. The main results are followed.(1) 50 superior inbred lines and about 30 crosses in our country, especially in the southwest of China were used for identifying and selecting the superior genotypes in the above two investigated characters under the same culturing condition in 2000 and 2001. There was very significant difference among the genotypes in the both characters. But the two characters were not certainly related. Some genotypes such as 18-599 and 18-599 were very good in them. For some ones such as zong 31, induction was higher than 18-599 and 18-599 in the efficiency, but it was only 1/3 to the later in regenerating number. In some genotypes such as S37, R08, R15, P138, A318, induction efficiency was just about 3% and scarcely any regenerating plants were got. On the whole, hybrids acted better than inbreeds in the both characters.(2) Two kind of inbreeds were selected as parents of the Griffing's method 1. 18-599 and 18-599 and the inbred line zong 31 are one kind because they are not only superior in the characters of maize cross breeding, such as CA, resistance to disease and the important agricultural characters, but also excellent in transformation characters as the induction and regeneration.

针对我国、特别是西南山地所需玉米转基因工程育种优良受体极为匮乏和反应玉米幼胚培养能力的2个主要性状，即玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数的遗传变异规律十分不清楚的实际情况，本研究从筛选玉米转基因工程所需要的优良受体入手，采用单因素遗传交配设计、双列杂交遗传交配设计、世代基因效应等传统数量性状分析方法，以及现代分子标记定位主效QTL分析方法，对玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状进行了较为系统的分析研究，取得以下主要研究结果：(1)于2000年和2001年通过对我国、特别是西南地区近50份优良自交系和近30个杂交组合，在相同培养条件下，对幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个幼胚培养能力性状进行了筛选与鉴定，发现玉米不同基因型具有完全不同的幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数，但幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率与胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数并不具有必然的相关关系，有的基因型，如自交系18-599和18-599在胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状都表现相当优异；有的基因型，如自交系综31，仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率性状表现高于19-599和18-599，但在胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数这一性状则与它们有相当大的差距，仅为19-599和18-599的1/3左右；有的基因型，如S37、R08、R15、P138、A318等玉米自交系不仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率很低，平均仅在3％左右，而且胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数表现也很差，基本上没有分化成苗。

The results show:(1) After soybean seed is treated with seed coating, The length of lateral root anlage Initiating area obviously increases in contrast with control (seed which is not coated with agent is regarded as control; shortened form is CK).The order is from greatness to smallness in turn as follow: HK＞ND＞CK.(2) Initiating progress of lateral root anlage is quickened when seed is treated with seed coating. General trend is as follow: HK＞ND＞CK. By variance analysis, treatment and control has obvious difference.(3) Initating status of lateral root anlage is definite related with contents of endogenous hormone. Occurring of lateral root is as the result of some endogenous hormone corresponded and playing manysided role, especially IAA plays important role in the cause of inducing to occurring of lateral root anlage.(4) The use of seed coating may elevate the number of lateral root anlage occurring and shorten the time of lateral root anlage occurring, especially the effect of Chemical control seed coating is better.

结果表明：(1)种衣剂包衣后，侧根原基发生区长度明显比对照(不包衣的种子为对照，用CK表示)增加，从大到小依次为：HK＞ND＞CK；(2)种衣剂处理加快了侧根原基的发生进程，总的趋势是HK＞ND＞CK，经F检验表明，处理和对照差异极显著；(3)侧根原基的发生状况与侧根原基发生区内源激素的含量有一定的关系，侧根的发生是几种植物内源激素相互协调、综合作用的结果，其中生长素类物质在诱导侧根原基的发生过程中起主导作用；(4)应用种衣剂可以提高侧根原基发生的数量，缩短侧根原基的发生时间，其中以化控种衣剂效果最好。

The age groups between ten and fourteen had more drownings than did the others. Those falling into water had more drownings than did those playing in water, swimming, and go-fishing, and those playing in water had more drownings than did those swimming, and go-fishing. The males among the age groups under nine had less drownings than did the females. The males among the age groups between fifteen and nineteen had more drownings than did the females.

其他的详细结果如下：在性别上，男性发生溺毙之机会比女性高；在年龄上，9岁以下年龄组发生溺毙之机会比任何其他组来得低，而10-14岁年龄组则发生溺毙之机会比任何其他组来得高；在水上活动类型上，失足落水比戏水、游泳、钓鱼发生溺毙之机会来得高，而戏水又比游泳、钓鱼发生溺毙之机会来得高；对於性别与年龄之交互作用部分，在9岁以下之年龄组，男性发生溺毙之机会比女性来得低，而在15-19岁之年龄组，男性发生溺毙之机会，则比女性来得高。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。