副产物

The best disinfection methods should be selected to achieve tetter water quality in biological stability and DPBs, Chloramination (chlorine to ammonia by 3:1) results less DBPs and AOC formation (HAAs by 90%, THMs by 70%, AOC by 10% respctively).

氯胺消毒在对消毒副产物卤乙酸和三卤甲烷以及 AOC 的影响方面均优于氯消毒，特别是消毒副产物，采用氯氨比3： l 比例时卤乙酸下降约90％，三卤甲烷下降70％，对提高饮用水水质有很好的作用。

More and more attention is focusing on the safty of drinking water suply. In this paper, firstly, chloramine formation and the characteristics and kinetics of monochloramine autodecomposition were studied. Secondly, considering the high concentration of ammonia and the complication of organic matters in Shanghai Huangpu River, formation characteristics and rules of disinfection byproducts were reviewed during the breakpoint chlorination process, and on the basis of grading and clssification of organisms, the control effects of chloramination on DBPs formation were studied. Finally, the formation rules of 2-monochlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol from phenol chlorination were investigated, and related influencing factors and kinetics were analysed.

饮用水的安全供给受到越来越多的重视，本文首先进行了氯胺形态以及一氯胺自降解特性及其动力学研究；然后结合上海黄浦江水源氨氮浓度高、有机物成分复杂的特点，研究折点加氯过程中消毒副产物的生成特性和规律，以及在将有机物分级和分类的基础上，研究氯胺消毒对不同类别有机物生成消毒副产物的控制效果；最后考察了氯化苯酚生成2-一氯酚(2-MCP)、2，4-二氯酚(2，4-DCP)及2，4，6-三氯酚(2，4，6-TCP)的规律，并进行了影响因素和动力学分析。

Additionally LC-MS was also used in qualitative analysis of the reactionsystem for the synthesis of dipropyl toluene-2,4-dicarbamate TDC(Pr. The main side-reactions were condensation reactions between 3-amino-4-methyl N-propylphenylcarbamate with TU or toluene 2,4-bisurea.

同样，运用液质联用技术对甲苯-2，4-二氨基甲酸丙酯TDC合成反应进行了定性分析，确定了副产物并推测其主要副反应是中间产物3-氨基-4甲基苯氨基甲酸丙酯与TU和甲苯-2，4-二脲之间的缩合反应。

The molecular structure was clarified by IR, which revealed the existence of ether bonds. The content of tartaric acid and unreacted maleic acid were detected by spectrophotometer. The effect of some factors on the yield of ESA and scale inhibition efficiency of PESA was investigated.

利用红外光谱表征了该产物结构，表明分子链中含有醚键；利用紫外－可见分光光度法测得体系内副产物酒石酸和未反应的马来酸的含量，并系统地研究了各因素对中间产物环氧琥珀酸钠的产率和最终产物聚环氧琥珀酸钠阻垢性能的影响。

Glycerol as a by-product is yielded at about 10% of biodiesel during the process of biodiesel production .How to convert glycerol has become a common problem which has to be resolved if considering large amount of biodiesel production. 1,3-propanediol is a valuable chemical material and especially it could be copolymerizes with terephthalic acid to form polytrimethylene terephthalate, which has aroused people's interesting.

在生物柴油的生产过程中，最高可得到约10%的副产物甘油，副产物甘油的去向将成为生物柴油大规模产业化发展所面临的严峻问题。1，3-丙二醇是一种重要的化工原料，作为合成新型聚酯PTT的原料，1，3-丙二醇已引起人们的广泛关注。

In order to facilitate the recycling of the useful components,the heavy by-product s in benzoic acid production were decolored by adsorption and distillation processes to remove the colored impurities such as crosslinking macromolecules and carbonized compounds.

为了有效去除苯甲酸重副产物中含有的交联大分子和碳化物等有色杂质，降低有用组分资源化处理的难度，分别采用吸附和蒸馏两种方法对苯甲酸重副产物进行脱色处理。

The main by-product s and their separation and recovery technologies were discussed for cyclohexanone gas-phase Beckmann rearrangement.

探讨环己酮肟气相Beckmann重排主要副产物及其分离回收方法，研究1-氮杂-2-乙氧基-1-环庚烯、1，3，4，5-四氧吖庚因-2-酮及其同分异十句体等副产物回收利用生成已内酰胺的方法。

In great degree compared to the treatment without using desulphurisation products, but it restrains root nodule breeding and growth when the rate reaches to 20 percent.

但在添加1%、5%、10%的脱硫副产物条件下，花生根瘤数量及质量均比不施脱硫副产物的处理有成倍地增加，若添加量达到20%则会对根瘤生长繁殖产生明显的抑制。

The use of desulphurisation product stimulate peanut's root nodule in special way, on the condition that the rate of desulphurisation products reaches 1 percent, 5 percent and 10 percent, the quantity and weighty of root nodule is increased

结果表明，在广东浅海沉积砖红壤上，施用脱硫副产物对盆栽花生出苗、根系及其营养生长、花生花针生长发育等均产生一定的抑制作用；抑制程度与脱硫副产物施用量有关。

The use of desulphurisation product stimulate peanut's root nodule in special way, on the condition that the rate of desulphurisation products reaches 1 percent, 5 percent and 10 percent, the quantity and weighty of root nodule is increased in great degree compared to the treatment without using desulphurisation products, but it restrains root nodule breeding and growth when the rate reaches to 20 percent.

但在添加1%、5%、10%的脱硫副产物条件下，花生根瘤数量及质量均比不施脱硫副产物的处理有成倍地增加，若添加量达到20%则会对根瘤生长繁殖产生明显的抑制。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。