刑事案件

The district court s have original jurisdiction in civil cases arising under federal law, criminal cases under federal law, admiralty and maritime cases, and cases between citizens of different states (called "diversity jurisdiction").

地区法院对下列案件享有原始管辖权：基于联邦法律提起的民事案件、基于联邦法律提起的刑事案件、海事案件和涉及不同州的公民之间的案件。

The district courts have original jurisdiction in civil cases arising under federal law, criminal cases under federal law, admiralty and maritime cases, and cases between citizen s of different states (called "diversity jurisdiction").

地区法院对下列案件享有原始管辖权：基于联邦法律提起的民事案件、基于联邦法律提起的刑事案件、海事案件和涉及不同州的公民之间的案件。

This article intends to analyze the VOR and explore the possible application procedure based on the current criminal judicial practice including the condition precedent, application scope, application condition, supervision, and advocate VOR in the criminal litigation of the country, in order to protect the legitimate rights of both the criminal and victim to the maxim extent, save the nation's judicial resource and promote the harmonious sociality.

本文主要试图通过对刑事和解的理论分析，结合我国刑事司法实践，对刑事和解制度适用的具体程序，包括适用前提、适用范围、适用条件、法律监督等进行初步探索，力图倡导在我国刑事诉讼过程中全面推行刑事和解制度，以最大限度的保障刑事案件被害人、加害人的合法权益，节约国家司法资源，体现社会和谐。

Cases with a apply for retrial or a appeal because of a rejection to civil and commercial judgment, consultation, reconciliation agreement with legal validity declared by Songjiang Court or with a demurrer rose by District People's Procuratorate in accordance with the trial supervision procedure for appeals.

判处有期徒刑以下刑罚的一审刑事案件； 2、标的额在500万元以下的民事、民商纠纷案件； 3、最初作出具体行政行为的行政机关属松江区的行政案件； 4、执行松江法院已经发生效力的判决书、裁定书、调解书及法律规定应由松江法院执行的其他生效法律文书和外省市委托执行的案件； 5、不服松江法院已经发生法律效力的民事、行政判决书、裁定书、调解书的申请再审、申诉案件以及区人民检察院依照审判监督程序提出抗诉的案件。

The subject of criminal cases of criminal suspects, accused of hiring and commissioning, to provide legal advice, agency complaints, charges apply for bail and criminal defense, to accept private prosecution cases of private prosecution of people, victims of indictable cases was commissioned as an agent to participate in the proceedings

接受刑事案件犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的聘请和委托，为其提供法律咨询，代理申诉、控告、申请取保候审及刑事辩护，接受自诉案件自诉人、公诉案件被害人委托，担任代理人参加诉讼

Apart from this, the House of Lords had special judicial function. It is the final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases, except criminal cases in Scotland, which are dealt with by the High Court of Justiciary.

除了这点外，上议院还拥有特别的司法权，除了苏格兰的刑事案件由其最高法院处理外，上议院拥有对民事案件和刑事案件的最终裁决权。

It exists in England in criminal cases , but in only a few types of civil cases . IN civil –law countries it is not used in civil cases at all .although in some civil-law countries a petit jury is occasionally used in criminal cases

在英国，小陪审团适用于刑事案件，并仅适用于很少几中民事案件，在所有大陆法系国家，小陪审团根本不适用于民事案件，虽然在某些大陆法系中家，在刑事案件中偶尔也适用小陪审团。

The application of the criminal mediation in China has its own justifications:the theory of constructing a harmony society and our criminal justice policy of"co-adjustment of leniency and rigorism"provide it with the theoretical and policy basis;criminal mediation meets the need of our current judicial reality.and it is the effctive way to realize all the interests at best.to eliminate the contradictions among the people,and to resolve the problem of judiclal resources restraint in China:criminal mediation is not only advocated by the United Nations,but also a fashion widely applied in different countries;criminal mediation does not contradict the traditional criminal,justice rationales;instead,it reflects the trend of resolving criminal cases in a diverse way,and our pursuit of diverse values.

刑事和解在我国的适用，具有正当性基础，具体表现在：构建和谐社会理论和宽严相济为刑事和解正当性提供了理论依据和政策基础，刑事和解有助于和谐社会的构建，有利于贯彻宽严相济刑事司法政策；刑事和解是我国司法现实的需要。是实现利益兼得、有效化解矛盾、解决司法资源紧缺问题的重要途径，也是联合国所提倡的，各国通行的解决刑事纠纷的方式之一；刑事和解与传统刑事司法理论并不相悖，体现了解决刑事案件方式的多元化和价值追求的多元化。

A great number of private prosecution cases still need go through the three steps including investigation, prosecution and trial. Thus, the idea of justice and efficiency pursued bythe judiciary is too far from the actual practice on the light crimes in China. It is quite necessary, therefore, to absorb the rational factors in foreign criminal proceeding institutions on solving the light crime cases into the provisions on private prosecution in Chinas criminal proceeding law, and promote the application in judicial practice, and finally perfect and renovate them in the level of institution design.Establishment of reconciliation cesser secta axiom.

综上，虽然我国刑诉法及相关解释规定了8类轻微刑事案件可以自诉，但在实践中由于种种原因，真正通过自诉的途径解决的案件却微乎其微，大量的可以自诉的轻微犯罪案件仍需经过侦查、起诉、审判三道程序来终结，司法所追求的公正和效率的理念与我国现行对轻微犯罪的规制实践相去甚远，因此，在现有的法律框架内，参照我国刑事诉讼法关于自诉程序的规定，吸收国外刑事诉讼制度中解决轻微刑事案件诉讼效率的合理因素，在司法实践中加以倡导适用、在制度设计上加以完善创新是很有必要：确立和解终结诉讼原则。

The Court of King's Bench evolved from the curia regis, the itinerant royal court which dealt with the administration of the realm.

王权法院，也有人译为&皇冠法院&或&刑事法院&，是指专门审理重大刑事案件的一级法院编制，由于其所审理的案件都是由王国政府提起的设计国王安宁的案件，所以称为&王权法院&。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。