出射点

In this project, we have tackled the robust fault detection and diagnosis problem for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems based on nonlinear H∞ filtering theory,and focused on the design of robust fault dtetction filter. The main contribution of this project is that we (1)present design methods of robust fault estimator for nonlinear discrete-time systems based on least square estimation and linear matrix inequality;(2)improve the bounded real lemma of systems with finite discrete jumps;(3)develop the robust fault detection filters for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems with parameter uncertainties based on the improved bounded real lemma.

本项目以提高故障的正确检测率为目的，以非线性H∞滤波理论为基础，对不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测与诊断问题进行了研究，重点研究了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器设计问题，取得了一些新的成果，主要成果有：(1)基于最小二乘估计和线性矩阵不等式，给出了非线性离散系统的鲁棒故障估计器设计方法；(2)改进了有限跳跃点系统的有界实引理；（3）基于改进的有界实引理，给出了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器的设计方法。

Firstly, some basic concepts about ECC are introduced;then the scalar multiplication under affine coordinate is discussed, we make a research and analysis of the side channel attack of scalar multiplication used in portable device, give out a new scalar multiplication algorithm which has the advantage of efficiency over other protected algorithm; and an improvement of the standard scalar multiplication algorithm proposed by IEEE1363 is made with the efficiency increasing by about 10%; at last, we deal with the using of complex multiplication in scalar multiplication algorithm, we generalize the methods and deduce a complete computing procedure, with proposing a new method which used several different fast endomorphism ,we give out an approach to boost the scalar multiplication with fast endomorphism.

本文首先介绍了椭圆曲线密码的有关基本概念；其次介绍了椭圆曲线上点的标量乘法在仿射坐标下的计算，对一般便携设备上的椭圆曲线点的标量乘法的边信道攻击做了研究与分析，给出了一种在效率上优于其它可抵抗边信道攻击的标量乘法的新算法，并对IEEE P1363 标准给出的标量乘法做了改进，使得标量乘法的运算效率提高了近10%；最后介绍了利用复乘计算标量乘法的方法，对已有的方法进行总结归纳，得出完整的计算过程，并针对两类超奇异椭圆曲线给出了一种利用多个可快速计算的复乘的标量乘法，得出一类普遍的结果，并给出了进一步用复乘加快标量乘法的思路。

The quality of interior environment in nursing home residents will become one of the attention-getting subjects due to the gradual increase of aging populations This paper directs at the research of nursing home's interior environment factors in Tainan We use the standard of international practice to analyze the intrinsical data of environmental monitoring and establish the characteristics which from environmental physical reaction of nursing home The research items are air environments (PM10 CO CO2 formaldehyde TVOC) temperate environments and light environment (illumination average brightness daylight factor) etc There are the inductive conclusions of this research: 1 In basic medicine the clinical diagnosis means the theory and technique about physical examination with patients The definition of clinical diagnosis in architecture should be the diagnosis of building preserve and improve the feasible way to extend building's service life and assure the residents of the healthy quality of interior environment The object of clinical diagnosis in architecture is not only to ensure the use of structure and environment quality but also keep the structure and environment quality in sustainable; therefore creating an efficient system of preserving plan is needed 2 It is an accurate and technical circumstance which about improving remedying and reconstructing the problems of structure space This circumstance includes finding questions ensuring causation ascertaining ultimate strength evaluating environment quality estimating the necessary of restoration and implementing on a suitable way Furthermore when reconstructing and ameliorating the appearance of structure space it should be respected and the memories of it should be preserved 3 In clinical diagnosis of environment quality of space the question of physical environment and the deficiencies of structure must be separated The structure space of construction and the high quality of space should be inspected strictly then observed the crucial reason that can find out any invisible and hidden causes The diagnosis of construction is to observe the reason of destroyed structure The environmental diagnosis of indoor and outdoor is to find out the crucial reason that influences health 4 In order to decrease the iterant problems the construction and environment of space should be diagnosed However the destruction by natural strength and artificial using by human are important causes that can affect the service life of construction Searching the cause of disease just like curing the patient which includes inspection diagnosis cure and prevention We tested the thermal conductivity of siding material in this research and then found out the roof east vertical face and west vertical face have most radiant heat especially the construction of RC The characteristics of opaquely outer casing have relations with the thermal conductivity of wall to wiz the ability of heat insulation Therefore increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and decreasing the endoergic factor of insolation are very important to temperate environments

而随著国内老年人人口逐渐增加，逐渐迈向高龄化之同时，对於高龄者使用空间之室内环境品质相关议题之探讨，亦成为未来我们需加以关注之议题之一。主要为针对台南某安养中心室内环境因子进行检测调查工作，利用现场室内环境测定以取得有效的实测数据；再藉由汇整相关国际评估基准，并进行实测数据比对分析，建立老人安养中心对物理环境反应之特性。并以前期相关研究文献回顾与老人安养中心实测案例现场的实验，来了解不同空间物理环境特性之影响，并将结果回馈实际建筑及室内设计之用。调查工作项目包含：空气环境之PM10、CO、CO2、甲醛、TVOC；温热环境之室内温度、相对湿度、人体PMV、PPD；光环境之照度、均齐度、昼光率等因子调查。本研究结果可归纳以下几点结论： 1 所谓临床诊断医学乃相对於基础医学而言，是指实际与病人接触的医疗及护理行为中牵涉到的理论和技术；而建筑的临床诊断的定义应为建筑本体与室内外诊断、维护及改善所有可行的方式来延长建筑物的寿命，并确保人与室内环境空间品质的健康。建筑临床诊断目的为确保结构体与环境品质能继续使用，而能维持所需要的效能及承受能力。一个有效的维护计画体系是必须建立的 2 在建筑空间之问题改善、治疗与修复执行中，是一个精确与技术性的事项，其中包含找出问题、确定原因、评估结构应力强度、评估环境品质、评估修复与改善必要性、选择及执行一个适当的过程。其改善与修复也必须尊重建筑空间原有色彩与形貌，并保留原有记忆及文化。 3 在临床诊断中空间环境品质中，物理性环境问题与结构构件缺陷必须分别判断，诊断建筑空间之结构与空间舒适品质必须详细观察其症结性问题，才能发现任何隐藏及有潜伏性缺陷的原因。建筑本体诊断是观察出建筑本体之破坏原因，而是内外空间环境诊断目的在於的找出影响健康因素之症结性问题。 4 建筑本体与空间环境之预防评估目的为降低与抑制问题的再发生。然而，自然力的破坏与人为使用因素皆是影响建筑生命期之主要因素，找出病源问题就如同医生对病人的处理，包含了侦查、诊断、治疗以及预防。 5 本研究以外墙材料热传导率测试结果发现，屋面与东西向立面是承受辐射热最多的地方，尤以 RC 的建筑更甚，不透明部分的外壳能特性主要与壁体的热传透率即隔热能力有关，但是承受来自日射的吸热影响，因此增加隔热性能与降低日射吸热因子是对温热环境是非常重要的。

The main contributions of the second part of this dissertation are focused on the cryptographic properties of logical functions over finite field, with the help of the properties of trace functions, and that of p-polynomials, as well as the permutation theory over finite field: The new definition of Chrestenson linear spectrum is given and the relation between the new Chrestenson linear spectrum and the Chrestenson cyclic spectrum is presented, followed by the inverse formula of logical function over finite field; The distribution for linear structures of the logical functions over finite field is discussed and the complete construction of logical functions taking on all vectors as linear structures is suggested, which leads to the conception of the extended affine functions over finite field, whose cryptographic properties is similar to that of the affine functions over field GF (2) and prime field F〓; The relationship between the degeneration of logical functions and the linear structures, the degeneration of logical functions and the support of Chrestenson spectrum, as well as the relation between the nonlinearity and the linear structures are discussed; Using the relation of the logical functions over finite field and the vector logical functions over its prime field, we reveal the relationship between the perfect nonlinear functions over finite field and the vector generalized Bent functions over its prime field; The existence or not of the perfect nonlinear functions with any variables over any finite fields is offered, and some methods are proposed to construct the perfect nonlinear functions by using the balanced p-polynomials over finite field.

重新定义了有限域上逻辑函数的Chrestenson线性谱，考察了新定义的Chrestenson线性谱和原来的Chrestenson循环谱的关系，并利用一组对偶基给出了有限域上逻辑函数的反演公式；给出了有限域上随机变量联合分布的分解式，并利用随机变量联合分布的分解式对有限域上逻辑函数的密码性质进行了研究；给出了有限域上逻辑函数与相应素域上向量逻辑函数的关系，探讨了它们之间密码性质的联系，如平衡性，相关免疫性，扩散性，线性结构以及非线性度等；讨论了有限域上逻辑函数各类线性结构之间的关系，并给出了任意点都是线性结构的逻辑函数的全部构造，由此引出了有限域上的"泛仿射函数"的概念；考察了有限域上逻辑函数的退化性与线性结构的关系、退化性与Chrestenson谱支集的关系；给出了有限域逻辑函数非线性度的定义，利用有限域上逻辑函数的非线性度与相应素域上向量逻辑函数非线性度的关系，考察了有限域上逻辑函数的非线性度与线性结构的关系；利用有限域上逻辑函数与相应素域上向量逻辑函数的关系，揭示了有限域上的广义Bent函数与相应素域上的广义Bent函数的关系，以及有限域上的完全非线性函数与相应素域上向量广义Bent函数之间的关系；给出了任意有限域上任意n元完全非线性函数存在性与否的完整证明，并利用有限域上平衡的p-多项式的性质给出了有限域上完全非线性函数的一些基本构造方法。

First, the proposed scheme uses contourlet transform to extract multidirectional and multiscale texture information, and then obtains the feature points invariant to the affine transformation from the low and middle directional subbands by Harris-Affine detector. Second, the feature regions are adaptively computed by the feature scale of the local structure and normalized by U transform. The watermarking is embedded adaptively in those characteristic regions which are normalized. Finally, by vector quantization, several copies of the watermark are embedded into the no overlapped local feature regions in different directional subbands.

首先，用Contourlet变换提取出多尺度、多方向的纹理信息；再用Harris-Affine检测算子从变换域的中、低频方向子带中提取出仿射不变特征点，结合自适应局部结构的特征尺度确定特征区域，并用U变换对其归一化处理，水印就自适应地嵌入到归一化后的区域中；水印嵌入采纳矢量量化的策略，将水印信息重复嵌入到不同方向子带、多个不相交的局部仿射不变特征区域。

A Study on Fraunhofer Double-Slit Diffraction by Applying Simulation Technology;2. Based on Kirchhoffs theory,the approximate intensity formulas of double-slit diffraction of Gaussian Beam is derived under paraxial approximation with power series expansion methods.

依据基尔霍夫衍射理论，利用幂级数展开的方法推导出旁轴条件下高斯光束双缝衍射的近似光强计算公式，并通过数值计算对双缝衍射的基本特性进行了讨论，得出了与其他文献一致的结论，得出了高斯光束下的双缝衍射极小值点比平行光束双缝衍射的极小值点向外移，观察屏中心光能变小；光强分布可由激光斑在衍射屏处的参数调制的结论。

In this paper, the effects of the rigid body motions and low frequency surface errors on the image quality were analyzed. Quadratic equations were used to build the mathematical model of the Wolter type I and II X-ray telescopes and reduce the computational complexity of ray tracing. With the help of a self-developed optical surface analysis code, the effects of the perturbations of the mirrors on the image quality was analyzed and the growth of the image spot formed by deformed telescopes was calculated, this is important for giving the reasonable fabrication tolerance.

在本篇文章中，详细分析了刚体运动误差和低频表面误差对成像质量的影响；使用空间解析几何学的二次曲面方程建立Wolter I、II型X射线掠入射望远镜镜片的数学模型，降低光线追踪的计算复杂度；借助自主开发的光学仿真软件分析了国内研制的X射线成像望远镜的刚体运动误差和低频表面误差对成像质量的影响，计算出像点艾里斑半径均方根值随误差变化的增长率，对工程上提出合理的制造公差的误差容限有重要的指导意义。

The EL excitation process was attributed to hot electron impact ionization of Si QDs by the dependence of the EL spectra on the change of the energy distribution of hot electrons.(3) Efficient green-blue ACTFEL was first obtained from Si QDs in Si layers of Si/SiO〓 superlattices.

利用磁控反应溅射方法制备出含硅量子点的富Si-SiO〓薄膜，通过热退火并结合喇曼光谱和光致发光谱判定了其中硅量子点的存在和平均尺寸，将发光机理归结为硅量子点中的量子尺寸效应。

Based on the relationship between the numerical aperture of the objective lens and scale pitch, this study chooses a suitable Plano-convex lenses available on the market, so as to approximate the diameter of the focusing spots to scale pitch. Also, by using the optical path of an optical encoder similar to the nanoscale, the changes in the surface profile of the scale can be measured directly, so as to obtain the two quadrature sinusoidal signals. By counting the zero crossing of these two quadrature sinusoidal signals and calculating the interpolation value of these two quadrature sinusoidal signals, the moving direction and moving displacement value of the scale can be obtained.

研究中再以搭配物镜的数值孔径与尺条间距的关系，选择ㄧ适当的市售平凸透镜，使聚焦光点的直径与尺条的间距相近，并使用相同於奈米级长行程双雷射聚焦读头装置的光路设计，如此将可藉由直接量测尺条的表面轮廓变化，以获得一组正交弦波讯号，继而利用讯号四分割与细分割处理，计算出尺条之移动方向与移动量，研制出一实用性长行程双雷射聚焦读头光学尺。

The point doses at the inferior beam edge for the two energies were 31.2% and 32.4%, respectively. There were 47-54% dose increase for superior beam edge and 37.6-35.2% dose decrease for inferior beam edge, as compared to the 50% field edge dose with the static dose distribution. There were 8.5 and 7.5 mm range increase for superior beam penumbras and 5.5 and 4.5 mm range increase for inferior beam penumbras, an important result corresponding to treatment volume.

结果：以正常人的平均值为例，在一个照射时距内，使用6 MV及18 MV光子射束， 10X10cm2照野10cm深度之中心轴下，照野上缘的剂量，分别为照野中心点剂量的73.5 %及77.2 %，照野下缘的剂量则分别为中心点剂量的31.2 %及 32.4 %，此剂量反映出因治疗中的呼吸位移，造成照野上缘较照野中心点有47 –54 %的剂量增加，及照野下缘有37.6 %- 35.2 %的剂量减少，相对照於静止态下照野边缘为中心点50 %剂量的状态。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。