偃麦草

Common wheat ; Agropyron elongatum ; K/Na discrimination character ; gene

小麦；长穗偃麦草； K／Na判别性状；基因

Two RAPD molecular markers located on different arms of 2Ai-2 chromosome from Thinopyrum intermedium were selected and the generations of the hybrid generation derived from Zhong 4 Awnless and wheat were analyzed. Two chromosome translocation lines were screened for wheat breeding program to control BYDV.

本研究采用RAPD方法，对具2Ai-2端体和完整染色体异附加或异代换系进行分析，从随机引物中，选出两个分别位于2Ai-2染色体两臂上的分子标记，然后用这两个标记对中间偃麦草和普通小麦的杂交后代进行筛选，选出小麦抗黄矮病易位系新材料。

As a result, synthesizing the comparison of the characteristics of drought resistance, cold tolerance, barren resistance and production of these ten grasses, we have found that the resistance of Bromus inermis,Festuca arundinacea was better , and consequently Bromus inermis , Festuca arundinacea were proofed to be favorable grasses for developing pasture in northern China in the future. Whereas, Bromus biebersteinii, Festuca rubra,Dactylis glomerata,Phleum pratense,Agropyron desertorum,Agropyron smithii,Elytrigia elongate and Phalaris arundinacea were worse, and therefore measures to local conditions and prudence in the production practice were advocated.

因此，综合抗旱性、耐寒性、耐贫瘠性及田间的生产性能的比较研究，10种牧草中的无芒雀麦、苇状羊茅的抗性表现较好，是今后我国北方地区进行人工草地建设的良好牧草种类；而草地雀麦、紫羊茅、沙生冰草、蓝茎冰草、长穗偃麦草、猫尾草、鸭茅和草芦表现不好，在生产实践中应因地制宜、谨慎推广。

In the aspect of grass cold tolerance, these ten grasses were classified into three types by the cluster analysis, based on winter survival adaptability and LT50 measured under low temperature treatment. High cold tolerance: Bromus biebersteinii,Bromus inermis,Festuca arundinacea, Agropyron desertorum,Elytrigia elongate, Phleum pretense; medium cold tolerance: Festuca rubra, Agropyron smithii,Dactylis glomerata; low cold tolerance: Phalaris arundinacea.

禾本科牧草在耐寒性方面，根据牧草越冬适应性表现和低温处理下用电导法得出的半致死温度， 10种牧草进行聚类分析结果表明：耐寒性强的是草地雀麦、无芒雀麦、苇状羊茅、沙生冰草、长穗偃麦草、猫尾草；耐寒性中等的是紫羊茅、蓝茎冰草、鸭茅；耐贫瘠性最弱的是草芦。

By the cluster analysis, 10 grasses were classified into three types—of high barren resistance: Bromus inermis,Festuca arundinacea, Dactylis glomerata; of medium barren resistance: Bromus biebersteinii,Phleum pratense,Phalaris arundinacea; of low barren resistance: Festuca rubra, Agropyron desertorum,Agropyron smithii,Elytrigia elongate.

对10种牧草进行聚类分析，得出耐贫瘠性强的是无芒雀麦、苇状羊茅、鸭茅；耐贫瘠性中等的是草地雀麦、猫尾草、草芦；耐贫瘠性最弱的是紫羊茅、沙生冰草、蓝茎冰草、长穗偃麦草。

In order to select a kind of eminent grass which is adaptable to the northern China, the present thesis studies ten kinds of grasses from Gramineae, Bromus biebersteinii,Bromus inermis,Festuca arundinacea ,Festuca rubra,Dactylis glomerata ,Phleum pratense,Agropyron desertorum,Agropyron smithii,Elytrigia elongate and Phalaris arundinacea,and also explores the physiological aspects of their drought resistance, cold tolerance and barren resistance. The drought resistance experiment was conducted to study 10 grasses under water stress during seedling stage by simulating indoor drought environment.

为了能选适应我国北方地区的抗旱、耐寒、耐贫瘠特性的优良牧草，本研究以草地雀麦、无芒雀麦、苇状羊茅、紫羊茅、沙生冰草、蓝茎冰草、长穗偃麦草、猫尾草、鸭茅、草芦为材料，在抗旱、耐寒和耐贫瘠性特性三方面的生理方面进行了探索研究。

Through SDS-PAGE analysis, a high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit of Thinopyrum elongatum, that is named 1E8, was identified in Chinese spring-Thinopyrum elongatum disomic substitution, and its migration is the same as subunit 1By8 of Chinese Spring.

在普通小麦背景中，二倍体长穗偃麦草1E染色体长臂上的Glu-E1位点编码一条高分子量谷蛋白亚基，其迁移率与中国春1By8相同，命名为1E8亚基。

5 Wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium alien disomic addition lines (Line 1,Line 4,Line 10,Line 14 and Line 15) were identified by using the methods of morphology,cytology,A-PAGE and RAPD analysis.

利用形态学、细胞学、A-PAGE和RAPD方法，对5个小麦-中间偃麦草双体异附加系Line1、Line4、Line10、Line14和Line15进行了鉴定。

Cytological studies on the mode of gamete formation in F1 hybrid between E.intermedium and Yannong 15 were carried out.The r esults indicated that the first meio-?

以中间偃麦草与小麦烟农15的杂种F1及其5个自交和回交世代（F2、F3、BC1、BC2、BC3）为材料，对杂种F 1配子形成途径的细胞学特点进行了研究。

Bands of isozymes and soluble proteins of Triticum and Elytrigia are with obvious speifity of genera.

小麦和天蓝偃麦草的同工酶和可溶性蛋白质具有属的特异性。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。