侦测

Syndromic surveillance is the utillization of data that large amount of cases with prodromal phase symptoms and performs spatial-temporal clustering analysis through information technology for rapidly detecting disease outbreaks with visualization and aberration detection theory so that a further epidemiology investigation and disease control procedure could be taken in its very early time.

症候群侦测系统系指透过资讯科技，搜集大量的临床前期症状，利用时间－空间聚集(spatial-temporal clustering analysis)分析处理后，结合视觉化资讯呈现和异常侦测理论，提供疫情调查人员即时掌握各项症候群/疾病的流行现况，并依此主动进行疫情调查工作，采取适当的防疫因应措施。

Four paired of specimens, including throat/recta swabs, cerebral spinal fluid and blood were collected when admitted; one set were sent for RT-PCR and another were for virus culture.

每一位均收集四组成对检体，包括喉头/肛门拭体、脊髓液及血液，一套以RT-PCR侦测肠病毒基因之阳性与否；另一套则以传统病毒培养而侦测之。

The domain of superlattice investigation, we want to produce the larger wavelength range and higher photoresponse. Then, we change the structure to get the better responsivity.

在红外线侦测器的研究领域中，我们朝向制作出侦测波长范围大和高响应的元件，所以我们改变之前的结构想去得到更好的响应。

In recent years, many countries have adopted syndromic surveillance systems as the frontline defense against emerging infectious diseases or bioterrorism attacks.

由於症候群侦测系统是使用症状资料而不是确诊的病例数，因此可用来提早侦测可能的疫情发生，及早提出因应对策。

In order to establish scientific evidence-based active infectious disease surveillance system, we initiated a hospital emergency department-based timely and automatic syndromic surveillance system in Taiwan for the basis of further epidemiological investigation.

为改善传统的传染病侦测为被动式医院通报的低时效性，本研究首度尝试在台湾医院急诊建立具有高度时效性、自动化资料收集且能提供作为主动调查依据的症候群侦测系统。

Therefore, this study focuses on:(1) the establishment of an integrated syndromic surveillance system that can automatically collect data from hospital emergency departments in Taipei City in a timely and flexible fashion,(2) development of effective algorithms for early detection of disease outbreaks using data of routinely collected chief complaints or ICD-9 CM codes, and (3) provision of friendly interfaces for the presentation of surveillance data to provide information for healthcare workers and decision-makers at different levels of position in hospitals in order to enhance the capability in the detection and prevention of disease outbreaks.

本研究尝试在台北市建置开发急诊症候群侦测系统，整合医院急诊资料，利用主诉或国际疾病代码(ICD-9-CM)，自动监视和侦测相关疾病群组，并提供适当的权限管理和弹性的操作介面，让院内感染控制与公共卫生决策者监视动态定义疾病症候群的分析结果，以期望及早发现疾病的流行和提升防疫能力。

Based on the characteristic of tristate BBPDs, only adding an AND gate can realize the FD function which has unilateral wide frequency locking range.

利用bang- bang 相位侦测器的三状态特性，只需要加入一个AND闸便可以实现单方向无限频率锁定的频率相位侦测器。

The selectively etching on germanium-on-glass structure can achieve visible light and infrared detection on the same chip with the unetched part for infrared detection and the etched part for visible light detection.

若在玻璃上覆锗的结构上做选择性的蚀刻，便可达到在同一晶片上在未蚀刻的部分来侦测红外光而蚀刻的部分侦测可见光的好处。

First of all, a station estimates the congestion condition periodically and piggybacks its congestion information within the transmission packets. After an AP receives the information, it has a complete picture of the channel utilization. Then it uses SyncScan mechanism to send the congestion information to the stations with the Beacon frame.

首先我们使用壅塞情况的预测，让所有的工作站周期性的侦测目前通道壅塞的状况，并且将目前侦测到的壅塞情况的资讯附加在封包中传送出去，在附近的AP收到这些讯息后，利用同步化扫描的方式，将它所收集到的通道的资讯附加在Beacon的封包中，当STA接收到Beacon后，会把通道资讯储存在比较表内。

This survival time was not significantly altered by bilateral denervation of cervical vagi (the major sensory system for detecting changes in pulmonary conditions), by bilateral denervation of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors (the major sensory system for detecting changes in arterial blood gases and pH), by pretreatment with dimethylthiourea, or by pretreatment with milrinone (a phosphodiesterase Ⅲ inhibitor that may avoid respiratory muscle fatigue).

而截断双侧颈部迷走神经（负责侦测肺内部情况的最主要感觉神经）、摘除双侧的周边化学接受器（负责侦测动脉血液气体及酸碱值的最主要化学接受器）、或投予Milrinone（一种phosphodiesteraseⅢ抑制剂，藉抑制cAMP被分解，以增加细胞内cAMP的量，可以使疲乏的呼吸肌内再增加收缩力）、Dimethylthiourea等药物的动物，都无法延长其存活时间。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。