低于平均水平的

Internet users in developing countries only account for 12% of their population, far lower than the world average level of 23.6%.

发展中国家平均因特网用户仅占人口的12%，远低于23.6%的世界平均水平。

Tenthly, Shaanxi Province is basically higher than the average level of the country in indices and data related to epitaxial growth and lower than the average level of the country in indices and data related to connotative growth.

第十，凡是与外延增长有关的指标和数据，陕西省大部分高于全国平均水平；凡是与内涵增长有关的指标和数据，陕西省大部分低于全国平均水平。

Analysis results on townships and villages general statuses showed township health center and village clinic are the major health care facilities in rural poor areas. The number of staff in 36 THCs and 104 VCs were a little lower than the national average. In township health centers, 59. 9% staff are with primary or without any professional titles and 35. 9% of the total staff have no professional degrees. The average gross value of fixed assets per THC is 186000 yuan, among which special equipment values 41000 yuan. Among professional buildings 43. 3% of total area were dangerous. Only one THC can provide emergent service. 47. 2% THCs be able to diagnose and deal with common emergent stomachache. The provision of health services was lower than average level of national rural areas. Frontier Model analysis showed regression coefficients of total outpatient emergency service, total inpatients, average personnel income, number of total staff, number of doctors and technical index were all larger and positive. It meant that these variables would contribute more to the cost-frontier, and their increase would cause the total health cost rising. So increasing health service provision, improving service quality and functions of health facilities may be the best ways to increase efficiency of these facilities. Also the model showed THC inefficiency eu was 1. 68, which means 40% of the cost wasted. Apart from internal and external factors, residents'health care utilization deficiency and inequity is one of major factors causing inefficiency eu.

乡、村基本情况结果表明，农村贫困地区乡卫生院和村卫生室是农民就近就医的主要场所；36所乡卫生院以及104所村卫生室的人员数量，略低于全国同期农村平均水平；在乡卫生院中，初级职称和无职称者的比例占59.9％，无专业学历者占35.9％；平均每院固定资产总值18.6万元，其中专用设备4.1万元，业务用房中危房面积占43.3％；36所卫生院中，具备急救条件的只有1所，能诊断和处理常见急腹症的占47.2％；卫生服务提供量均低于全国农村平均水平；Frontier模型方法显示，总门诊人次、总出院人次、平均人员工资、人员总数、医生数和技术指数等指标的回归系数较大，且均为正数，即这些变量对"前沿"成本的贡献较大，其正向变化均会带来卫生服务总成本的增加，表明增加卫生服务提供量，提高质量以及完善机构服务功能，是提高乡卫生机构效率的有效途径；同时Frontier模型结果显示，卫生院的低效率〓为1.68，经换算即40％的成本处于浪费状态；影响乡卫生院低效率〓的因素有外部和内部的，而需方卫生服务不公平及利用不足是其主要因素之一。

At present, the level of urbanism in rural area in Xinjiang is lower than the national average level.

目前，新疆的农村城镇化水平低于全国平均水平，本文旨在找出影响新疆农村城镇化的主要因素，为推进新疆农村城镇化的进程提出建议。

Eighthly, evolution of economic structure contributes little to economic growth of Shaanxi Province, regional economy in Shaanxi Province develops offbalance, the county-level economy takes on backwardness and urbanization rate is inferior to national average level and average world standard and lags behind obviously industrialization.

第八，经济社会结构演化对陕西省经济增长的贡献率低但较稳定，陕西省区域经济发展不平衡，县域经济落后，城镇化率低于全国平均水平和世界平均标准，并明显滞后于工业化水平；公有经济比重明显高于民营经济，民营经济比重明显低于全国平均水平；开发区作用日益增大。

The federal minimum wage has stayed at $5.15 since September 1997. At this level, it is worth 27% of average hourly wages for all employees other than those working in agriculture or for the federal government—far stingier[3] than Britain's rate.

自 1997 年 9 月以来，美国联邦最低工资始终保持着 5.15 美元的水平，相当于所有雇员(除从事农业工作或在联邦政府谋职的人外)平均每小时工资水平的 27%，远低于英国的标准。

The federal minimum wage has stayed at $5.15 since September 1997. At this level, it is worth 27% of average hourly wages for all employees other than those working in agriculture or for the federal government—far stingier[3] than Britains rate.

自1997年9月以来，美国联邦最低工资始终保持着5.15美元的水平，相当于所有雇员（除从事农业工作或在联邦政府谋职的人外）平均每小时工资水平的27％，远低于英国的标准。

Head number went up, but domestic animals quality drops, economic benefits is not tall, the animal produce that unit area produces is little, productivity level is low, of every 100 mus of careless field by wool crop greatly under countrywide average level.

头数上去了，但牲畜质量下降，经济效益不高，单位面积生产的畜产品少，生产力水平低，每百亩草场的由毛产量大大低于全国平均水平。

Of 12 tomato lines, the analysis on the 4 fruit nourishment quality traits (the contents of vitamin C, total soluble solids and dry matter and ratio of sugar-acid ) was carried out to study the four kinds of disparities, which included the interspecific one, the one between two varieties in the same species , the one between the lines bred by different means in the same variety ,and the one between the different fruit-shaped lines in the same variety .The analytic method of orthogonal comparison of single degree of freedom was applied. The results showed that the line of Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium was better than the average of the lines of L.esculentum in the 4 traits at significant level of 1%, the average of the lines of var.cerasiforme was better than the average of the lines of var.vulgare in the 4 traits at significant level of 5% or 1%,and the two space mutation line(YH02-2 or YH02-6) was better than the average of the other lines of the same variation in the 4 trait, respectively, at significant level of 1%. Of the lines of var.cerasiforme , the lines with pear fruit were lower than the average of the lines with round-shaped or plum-shaped fruits in the 2traits(the contents of vitamin C and total soluble solids), at significant level of 1%,the lines with plum-shaped fruits were higher than the average of the lines with round-shaped fruits, at significant level of 1%,and the lines with yellow-colored fruits(YH02-11) was lower than the average of the lines with red-colored fruits(YH02-1and YH02-7) in the trait of the contents of vitamin C.

对12个品系进行种间、种内变种间、变种内不同选育方式间、变种内不同果实形状间在果实营养品质（果实维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量、干物质含量和糖酸比）上的差异进行分析，采用统计学上单一自由度正交比较分析法与植物学分类相结合的方法进行分析，结果表明：醋栗番茄种品系YH02-12在4个营养品质性状上，极显著高于普通番茄种品系；樱桃番茄变种品系在4个营养品质性状上的平均水平极显著或显著高于普通番茄变种品系的平均水平；2个空间诱变品系YH02-2、YH02-6在4个营养品质性状上均极显著高于同变种的其他品系的平均水平；樱桃番茄变种品系中，梨形果品系YH02-5、YH02-8的果实维生素C、可溶性固形物含量均极显著地低于樱桃番茄变种中圆形或李形品系的平均水平，李形果品系YH02-9在4个营养品质性状上均极显著地高于圆形果品系的平均水平，黄色圆形果品系YH02-11的果实维生素C偏低于红色圆形果品系YH02-1和YH02-7。

The results showed that (1) COX-2 mRNA and protein existed in the mature male rat testis. COX-2 was localized in spermatocytes by immunohistochemistry.(2) COX-2 also existed in adult man testis. COX-2 protein was positively stained in spermatocytes and Leydig cells.(3) 2 weeks after administration of rofecoxib, the level of testosterone in the whole testis reached its lower values, being only 50% of control values. However, testosterone level recovered during 4 weeks. After such treatment, histologic examination of these testes showed atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and maturation arrest of spermatogenesis.(4) 2 weeks post-EDS, expression of COX-2 decreased significantly (P.005), in comparison with vehicle-treatment control. 4 weeks after treatment, a new generation of fetal like Leydig cells repopulated in the testicular interstitium resulting in COX-2 expression partially recovered. Although the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein are enhanced at 8th week after using external testosterone, it wasn't significant higher than control group.

实验研究证明：(1)正常成年雄性大鼠睾丸组织中COX-2在mRNA和蛋白质水平均存在表达，免疫组织化学结果显示COX-2定位于曲细精管内的生精细胞；正常成年男性睾丸组织中同样存在COX-2表达，免疫组织化学结果显示COX-2定位于曲细精管内的生精细胞和Leydig细胞；(2)服用特异性COX-2酶抑制剂rofecoxib 2周后，实验组大鼠睾丸组织内睾酮的含量减少，为正常对照组的50％；持续用药4周后睾丸组织内睾酮浓度逐渐恢复至正常水平；COX-2酶活性降低后病理组织切片显示睾丸内曲细精管萎缩，生精紊乱，持续用药4周时影响最明显；(3)注射特异性Leydig细胞杀灭剂EDS 2周后，实验组大鼠睾丸组织内睾酮浓度降至极低水平时，COX-2的蛋白和基因表达水平也显著低于正常空白对照组（P.005）；使用EDS后第4周，睾丸组织中的睾酮浓度逐渐回升，同样组织中COX-2蛋白表达和mRNA表达水平也相应提高接近正常水平；使用EDS后4周开始给予外源性睾酮，6周和8周时COX-2表达水平的绝对值虽有提高，但与正常大鼠空白对照组比较并无显著性差异，说明外源性雄激素刺激睾丸合成COX-2的作用并不明显。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。