人工语言

It is important for the application of formal approach and formal specification in all stages of software development to study and design automatic refinement from Z to high-levellanguage: Insure complete formalization in all stages of software development; Avoid antilogy in refinement due to mistaken operation or computative mistake and insure consistency and integrity of system; Due to avoiding manual operation in refinement process, it is feasible to bulid a compile environment that Z specification automatic refine and form high-level programme, this will accelerate the promotion and application of Z in industry.

Z到高级语言自动求精的研究与设计对于形式化方法及形式规格说明应用于软件开发的各个阶段具有非常重要的意义：确保了从需求分析阶段开始的软件开发周期的完全形式化；避免了人工的误操作或演算错误导致的求精前后不一致，保证了系统的一致性和完整性；由于求精过程避免了手工操作，因而Z规格说明自动精化为程序代码的编译环境可以建立，这将会加速Z规格说明在工业界的推广应用。

Manned indexing experiences based auto-classifying tries to solve this problem through the principle of the compactness and inter changeableness of information search languages. However, direct application of indexing phrases to match the targets causes a series of problems in the actual situations.

基于人工标引经验的自动分类试图通过情报检索语言兼容互换的原理解决这一问题，然而直接应用标引词串对分类进行匹配在实际应用中产生了一系列的问题。

AS mammal deletion of subdirectories one by one is a diverse and complicated operation, the executive command programmed with PASCAL language has been applicated in the computation center for automatically deleting them with higher effectiveness.

以人工操作逐一删除子目录，费时且效率低，用PASCAL语言编写程序，经编译后生成可执行的命令，用批处理进行调用实现自动删除，可大大提高工作效率。

METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database was undertaken to identify related articles about the microcapsulated cell or encystation material for treating diabetes mellitus published from 1980 to 2009 by using the key words of "microcapsulation, islet, transplantation" in English. Meanwhile, we search CNKI for relevant articles published between 1999 and 2009 with the same key words in Chinese.

检索PUBMED数据库中1980/2009有关人工细胞微囊技术进展在糖尿病中应用的文献，检索词"microcapsule， islet， transplantation"，并限定文献语言种类为English；同时检索中国期刊全文数据库1999/2009有关人工细胞微囊技术进展在糖尿病中应用的文献，检索词为"微囊，胰岛，移植"。

In order to liberate philosophy from the occupied Psychologism at that time, Frege founded artificial formal language and regularized ordinary language.

为了把哲学从当时占据统治地位的心理主义中解放出来，弗雷格创立了这种人工的形式语言，对日常语言具有的缺陷进行了诸多规范。

In chapter 4, basing theories and methods of scientific visualization, and artificial neural network BP algorithm, we integrate the Visual C++, OpenGL graphics library and Excel VBA technique to develop the program of artificial neural network and to make the BP algorithm visually, this program works can be divided into four parts: Using C language to develop program about BP algorithm; Using Visual C++, develop the GUI Interface, make input parameter visually; Using OpenGL graphic technique to display the training sample point in three dimension; at last using Excel DDE technique display the error graphic tables in Excel system In chapter 5, on the view of engineering application, we establish new method of surface reconstruction basing artificial neural network, develop interface program between module and commercial CAD/CAM system, meantime deeply discuss some key problems, for example, setting up the base plane, using the API technique, cutting and editing surface boundary, and also discuss the more compliant problem: how to intersect surface, at end we finish the work of translation from our surface reconstruction module to commercial CAD/CAM system, then make reverse engineering system basing artificial neural network more useful.

第四章基于科学计算可视化理论，依据人工神经网络BP算法理论模型，综合Visual C++，OpenGL图形库以及Excel VBA等多项软件开发技术，编制了人工神经网络程序，实现了BP算法的可视化映射。具体工作分为四部分：利用C语言实现人工神经网络BP算法；利用VisualC++的GUI技术开发图形用户界面，实现参数设置可视化；利用OpenGL图形技术进行三维映射，显示学习样本及训练样本点；利用微软电子表格DDE动态数据交换技术，在Excel上动态显示学习误差曲线图。第五章从工程应用的角度出发，提出了一种新的基于人工神经网络算法的曲面裁剪重构方法，完成了曲面重建模块与通用CAD/CAM系统的接口设计工作，对其中的若干关键问题进行了深入讨论，例如基平面设定、API技术的应用、边界裁剪等问题，同时，对曲面计算中较为困难的曲面相交问题也进行的专门探讨，最终完成了曲面重建模块向CAD/CAM系统的数据传输工作，使人工神经网络逆向工程系统趋向实用。

An artificial language designed to express algorithms .

为表达算法设计的一种人工语言。

An artificial language that is a revision and simplification of Esperanto.

一种由世界语修改和简化了的人工语言。

An artificial language based on words common to the Romance languages .

一种普遍基于罗马语的人工语言。

Does the article suggest that there should be an artificial language like Esperanto as the world language

文章有没有建议应该把像世界语这样的人工的语言作为全球性语言呢

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。