临床病理的

Polymarase Chain Reaction may be the better method of detecting M.tuberculosis than other methods and lead us to carry out a series of research on this problem. This thesis is composed of five parts:(1)systematic evaluation for the first time of the ability of five defferent PCR methods to detect M. tuberculosis;(2) using the endonuclease and southern blot by a radioactive and a nonradioactive labeled probe, to confirm the specificity of the PCR products and to analyse the sensitivity of detection by southern blot method using digoxigenin-labeled probe;(3) evaluation of acid-fast staining, bacterial culture and PCR for the detection of M. tuberculosis in sputum, pleural and peritoneal effusion samples;(4) The feasibility of PCR for detection of M tuberculosis on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues;(5) 26 cases of sarcoidosis were retrospectively studiedwith PCR for M. tuberculosis and nontuberculosis Mycobacterium and the problems on histopatholoical diagnosis of sarcoidosis are discussed.

论文共分为五个部分，(1)首次系统地比较了五种不同引物序列的PCR检测结核杆菌方法的特异性和敏感性等情况；(2)利用限制性内切酶酶切分析和同位素及非同位素标记DNA探针进行Southern杂交的办法，分析PCR产物的序列与原设计是否相符及杂交检测PCR产物对提高检测结核杆菌敏感性的情况；(3)并对PCR用于快速检测临床标本中的结核杆菌进行了初步评价；(4)探讨了PCR用于检测石蜡包埋组织中结核杆菌的作用；(5)并利用PCR检测结核杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌的方法对26例原病理诊断为结节病的病例进行了PCR检测及组织病理学诊断的探讨。

Objectives:Through the detection of the expression level of interleukins-1β(IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9) and nuclear factor kappa B in Synovium and the detection of the concentration of IL-6 and TNF-αin serum of collagen induced arthritis Wister rat, to investigate the relationship between IL-1β、MMP-9、NF-κB and arthritis index in the development of arthritis,and to understand the pathology of synoviocyte.This may provide an experimented proof for the diagnosis of clinical rheumatical arthritis. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups,namely the model controlled group and the normal controlled group,three subgroups were randomly divided in model group and controlled group separately.

目的：通过对白细胞介素1β，基质金属蛋白酶-9，转录因子核因子κB在胶原性关节炎大鼠滑膜细胞表达水平的观察，同时监测同期血清细胞因子IL-6和TNF-α的浓度，旨在探讨白细胞介素1β，基质金属蛋白酶-9，转录因子核因子κB与RA发生发展及其与关节指数之间的相关性，了解炎性病变关节滑膜细胞的病理生理状态，进一步为类风湿关节炎的临床治疗提供实验依据。

According to the statistical analysis to cases of cerebral hemorrhage, and the research its pathology and physiology, we put forward an idea that operation is necessary to deal with cerebral hemorrhage, especially for hypertensive type. Moreover, the detailed description of methods of surgical treatment, and their summerize and mutual comparision which are being references in use for its clinical treatment.

本文根据对脑出血病例的统计学研究，以及对其病理生理的探索，提出了对脑出血，尤其对高血压性脑出血进行外科手术治疗的必要性，并且详细阐述了针对其外科手术治疗的方法，同时进行了对不同情况所采用的方法进行了综合与对比，由此为脑出血的临床诊治提供思考与借鉴。

According to the statistical analysis to cases of cerebral hemorrhage, and the research its pathology and physiology, we put forward an idea that operation is necessary to deal with cerebral hemorrhage, especially for hypertensive type. Moreover, the detailed dedivion of methods of surgical treatment, and their summerize and mutual comparision which are being references in use for its clinical treatment.

本文根据对脑出血病例的统计学研究，以及对其病理生理的探索，提出了对脑出血，尤其对高血压性脑出血进行外科手术治疗的必要性，并且详细阐述了针对其外科手术治疗的方法，同时进行了对不同情况所采用的方法进行了综合与对比，由此为脑出血的临床诊治提供思考与借鉴。

The biological characteristics of the CCM are mainly relevant to the unmaturity of the vessel wall. A series of angiogenic factors play an important role in the development of the lesion. The proliferative activity of the CCM needs to be studied further. The different clinical presentations of CCM was based on its pathological diversity.

CCM生物学特性主要与其血管壁组织结构的不成熟有关，各种血管因子发挥了相当重要的促进作用，CCM本身的增殖活性有待进一步研究；CCM不同的临床表现与其病理特点的差异密切相关。

Morphologically similar lesions from 26 patients (mean age, 62 y; range, 46 to 88 y; male/female ratio, 10/16) were retrieved from surgical pathology and consult files. Clinical and endoscopic data were obtained, and immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament protein, epithelial membrane antigen, claudin-1, CD34, smooth muscle actin, and KIT was performed. The findings were compared with those in mucosal biopsies of 5 submucosal neurofibromas from NF1 patients.

我们从外科病理和档案库里调取了26例病变形态相似的病例（患者平均年龄62岁，范围：46至88岁，男女比例：10/16），得到了他们的临床及内窥镜资料，并给它们都做了S-100蛋白、胶质纤维酸性蛋白、神经丝蛋白、上皮膜抗原、闭合蛋白-1（claudin-1）、CD34、平滑肌肌动蛋白和KIT的免疫组化，所得的结果都与5例NF1患者粘膜下神经纤维瘤的粘膜活检的结果相比较。

The animal model of this method system have, the characteristics of the high fat, high leptin, high Ins, and match with the characteristic of clinical and the pathologic of simple obesity. This studies showed: The acupuncture can obviously reduce the vaule of intaking food and water of the fat rats, and lower the body weight and fat; The acupuncture can urge the diameter, area, physical volume of white fat cell contract, Brown fat tissue of fat rat group surroundings vascular containing large quantity of white fat cell, the acupuncture group was less. this showed: The acupuncture enhanced the white fat cell metabolism, and promotesed the white fat cell to convert to brown fat cell; The frequency of spontaneous electric of nerve cell of pvn of the fat rat is high, the acupuncture counld depress the spontaneous electric of nerve cell of pvn, This showed: the acupuncture can depress the appetite passing to adjust function of pvn nerve; The monoaminergic neurotransmitter of inside of the fat rat brain is disfunction, the acupuncture can rectify this disfunction, and adjust level of 5-HT, and affect appetite, and improve metabolism; The level of leptin and Ins of fat rat increased high, The level of it of acupuncture group decreased, compared with the fat group p.001, This showed: the fat rats have the defeat of leptin and Ins in the body, The acupuncture can lowering this defeat, The level of leptin and Ins of the fat rat in the brain is less than the normal group, The level of leptin of the acupuncture group is high than the fat group, This showed: the acupuncture can increase the transportation of leptin from blood to brain.

本方法所制肥胖大鼠模型具有高体重、高脂、高leptin和高Ins血症的特点，符合人类单纯性肥胖病的临床和病理特征；实验研究显示：针灸能明显减少肥胖大鼠的摄水、摄食量及降低其体重、体脂；针灸能促使白色脂肪细胞直径、面积、体积缩小，减少肥胖大鼠棕色脂肪组织血管周围白色脂肪细胞数量，显示：针灸增强了白色脂肪细胞的代谢，促进了白色脂肪细胞向棕色脂肪细胞的转化：肥胖大鼠PVN神经细胞自发放电频率增加，脑内单胺递质紊乱，针灸通过抑制PVN亢奋的自发放电，调整5-HT水平，达到影响食欲，改善代谢的作用；肥胖大鼠血中leptin及Ins水平增高，与正常组大鼠比有明显差异，提示大鼠体内存在leptin及Ins抵抗，针灸后肥胖大鼠随着体重体脂的下降，血中leptin、Ins水平降低，与肥胖组比均有显著性差异，而针灸后大鼠脑内leptin增加，与肥胖组比P.05，提示：针灸具有改善leptin、Ins抵抗及增加leptin脑内转运的作用。

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ginsenoside Rg3 and ginsenoside Rg3 combined with cisplatinon the growth of nude mice cervical cancer, and to explore the possible mechanism of ginsenoside Rg3 and ginsenoside Rg3 combined with cisplatinin cells and molecules levels. The growth of human cervical cancer Hela cell, apoptosis of tumor cells , expression of CD31and PeNt were observed with optic microscope, radio-immunity immunological histo chemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling, and immunohistochemical staining. The purpose of this study is to provide a new way of medication to eure cervical cancer in clinic.

目的：本实验通过建立子宫颈癌裸鼠病理模型后，以此为研究对象，运用光镜、免疫组化及末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记技术，观察人参皂甙Rg3[20—Ginsenoside Rg3]和顺铂单独及二者联合应用对人宫颈癌Hela细胞裸鼠移植瘤生长的影响，重点研究肿瘤的生长、肿瘤细胞的凋亡及PCNA、CD31的表达情况，以期从细胞及分子水平揭示人参皂甙Rg3和顺铂单独及二者联合应用对人宫颈癌Hela细胞的作用机制，为临床上药物治疗与预防宫颈癌寻找更加完善的途径。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。