专业

This study is aiming at promoting the educational technologyspecialty's healthy and quick development. The author has refered to a large number of document about the development ofeducational technology science and specialty, also refered tothe achievements of expert s from China and fremdness aboutcourse and human resource. The author has collected manyundergraduate teaching plans from more than 31 educationaltechnology specialty in high normal university who ownedmaster's degree.

为了促进高等师范院校教育技术学专业的健康快速发展，本研究参阅了大量与教育技术学科及专业发展有关的文献资料以及课程学、人才学等中外专家的研究成果，收集了我国31所具有教育技术学专业硕士学位授予权的高等师范院校教育技术学专业本科教学计划。

As the first road and city traffic specialty for master degree, this specialty lie the advanced level among the similar specialties and began incept students from 2000. There are 5 research directions of intelligent road traffic control and management, intelligent traffic information system, traffic programming and management, traffic environment and security, traffic system modeling and stimulation. With the stability theoretic knowledge and abundant practice experience, all graduates with master degree have the opportunity to go to study for doctoral degree, or to do work in these aspects of intelligent traffic, traffic engineering design, transportation programming, traffic control development, traffic establishment construction and so on.

本专业自2000年开始招生，是华南地区最早的以公路交通和城市道路交通为研究对象的硕士专业，处于国内同类专业的先进水平，先后开设有智能道路交通控制与管理；智能交通信息系统；交通规划与管理；交通系统建模仿真；交通环境与交通安全等研究方向，培养的学生既有扎实的专业基础理论知识，又有丰富的工程实践经验，能在国家与省、市的交通其相关部门从事智能交通、交通工程设计、交通运输规划、交通监控系统开发、交通基础设施建设等领域工作或进入博士阶段学习，得到用人单位重用和社会的好评。

As the first road and city traffic specialty for master degree, this specialty lie the advanced level among the similar specialties and began incept students from 2000. There are 5 research directions of intelligent road traffic control and management, intelligent traffic information system, traffic programming and management, traffic environment and security, traffic system modeling and stimulation. With the stability theoretic knowledge and abundant practice experience, all graduates with master degree have the opportunity to go to study for doctoral degree, or to do work in these aspects of intelligent traffic, traffic engineering design, transportation programming, traffic control development, traffic establishment construction and so on.

本专业自2000年开始招生，是华南地区最早的以公路交通和城市道路交通为研究对象的硕士专业，处于国内同类专业的先进水平，先后开设有智能道路交通控制与管理；智能交通信息系统；交通规划与管理；交通系统建模仿真；交通环境与交通安全等研究方向，培养的学生既有扎实的专业基础理论知识，又有丰富的工程实践经验，能在国家与省、市的交通及其相关部门从事智能交通、交通工程设计、交通运输规划、交通监控系统开发、交通基础设施建设等领域工作或进入博士阶段学习，得到用人单位重用和社会的好评。

The author probes into the negative factors in the actual teacher evaluation that hinder teacher"s professional evaluation. For example, the disjoint between the evaluation activities and teacher professional activities results in the school"s neglection of teacher"s professional development. The dorminent principle "cute of efficiency" leads to the losing of teacher"s subject. The up-to-down evaluation system . What is more,the actual teacher"s evaluation not only goes against the atmosphere which helps teachers to develop their professions, but alsobrings about the spread of the "diploma education.

诸如：评价活动和专业发展活动的严重脱节导致中小学校对教师专业发展的忽视；效率主义的评价体制下，教师主体性的缺失导致教师缺乏反思的意识和反思的能力；自上而下的评价制度不符合专业组织的特征；现行教师评价不利于在学校内营造专业发展的氛围；重&学历&、重&文凭&的评价导向致使教师不重视在职的学习和提高等等。

In the idea of math teacher's education specialty, I put forward the instructional thought like"adequate to theory","attach importance to practice","system innovation"and"literacy standard", improve the structure of curriculum on the curriculum system construction of math teacher's education specialty, promote the character of teacher specialization, enhance the integration of general course, protrude the literacy of teacher specialization, reduce math specialized course, promote the function of"Educational Academy", regrade two kind educational course, strengthen thought integration, construct course modality of"Subject Amalgamation", unfold the summary of course structure and proportion of math teacher's education specialty. In the integration of curriculum and teaching model, according to the different kind of curriculum nature and learning stage of teacher's education specialty, I think there are three leading type to teaching model and learning stage, that is, participating teaching and meaningful receptive learning, eliciting teaching method and research study, case based teaching and reflective learning, and put forward operability suggestions to teaching practice.

在数学教师教育专业理念上，提出了&理论够用&、&实践为重&&体系创新&和&素养本位&的指导思想；在数学教师教育专业课程体系构建上，提出优化课程结构，提升教师专业化品性；加强通识课程统整，突出教师专业化素养；精减数学学科专业课，并增进&教育学术性&功能；精选两类教育类课程，强化统整思想，并构建出&学科融合&式的课程样态，展现了数学教师教育专业课程结构、比例的概略性图谱；在课程与教学模式整合问题上，笔者提出了按照教师教育专业学生学习的课程属性和学习阶段不同，形成三个主导型教学模式与学习方式，即参与式教学与有意义接受学习、启发性教学和研究性学习、案例式教学与反思性学习，并对对教育实习提出具有操作性的建议。

The authors think that CNS should be excellent in morality,ability,health and be expert in playing social professional and psychological roles and therefore suggest that CNS selection should insist on high standard and equitable,impartial and open principles;training programs should combine long-term programs with short-term targets;training methods should combine major speciality and personal speciality with systematic training of all nurses;a personal archive should be constructed,including personal professional morality,major theory, specialistic practice, technical ability, teaching and researching skills;and regular quantification evaluation should be carried out to maintain the superior and abandon the inferior.

在人才的选拔上，应坚持高标准和公平、公正、公开的原则；培养计划应做到中长期规划和短期目标相结合；培养方法直专业重点、人才重点和全体护士的系统培训相结合；考核方法上建立培养对象的个人档案，其内容包括职业道德、专业理论、专业实践、专业技能、教学和科研五个方面，进行定期量化考核，成绩记入档案，实行淘汰制。

What this article focus are the stand-out problems involving the students' studies of this major ,that, in-balance in development of special knowledge, overemphasizing main major but overlooking the full development of specialty in all-round way, which lead to deviation from modern social requirements to the students from normal universities —"All-rounded pattern " and "dompound pattern".

笔者讨论的是有关高师音乐教育专业学生学习定位的问题：专业知识发展极不均衡，过分强调主专业，而忽视了专业的全面发展，偏离了当代社会对师范生的要求——&全面型&和&复合型&。

Optimization of course setting, proper time arrangement, scientific teaching and management are all philosophized based on the thinking of professional course setting and situation of offered optional courses.

新的高等教育本科专业目录中，机械设计制造及其自动化专业因此有了很大的变化，涵盖了原有的9个专业，在专业业务培养目标、教学要求、课程设置、学时数要求、主要实践性教学环节等方面都有了新的要求。

The corporate management standard, the service is fine, is a fair traveling vacation, the commercial inspection, covers the global traveling line, the domestic hotel orders with the conference trains the service is a body, also is Chinese specialized traveling on-line service business Chinese Kang Xiang travels website (www.kxtravel.com.cn) to use itself traveling resources superiority to provide has the competitive ability for the customer the product price, uses the leading network commerce platform and the telephone prearranges the service to provide the specialty and the convenient service for the customer, Kang Xiang International Travel has the team which one batch of specialized traveling activities plans for the customer organization characteristic subject activity, lets individual, the family, the individual tourist and the company commerce public figures all can experience the specialized traveling service which Kang Xiang travels.

公司管理规范、服务优良，是一家集旅游度假、商务考察、涵盖全球旅游线路、国内酒店预订和会议培训服务为一体，也是中国专业的旅游在线服务商。中国康祥旅游网（www.kxtravel.com.cn）利用本身的旅游资源优势为客户提供具有竞争力的产品价格，使用领先的网络商务平台和电话预定服务为客户提供专业和便捷的服务，康祥国旅拥有一批专业旅游活动策划的团队为客户组织特色主题活动，让个人、家庭、散客和公司商务人士都能体验到康祥旅游的专业旅游服务。

On the whole, this paper mainly adopts the method of system: Firstly, it retraces the development history of the modern urban planning subject and its special education; compares different countries'history of the profession education and their current situation, and compares part of our national colleges'professional talents cultivation mode; through above analysis, induces the general tendency of our country's profession education and the main problems at present.

文章在宏观上主要是采用了系统论的研究方法，首先回顾了现代城市规划学科及其专业教育的发展历史，对不同国家的专业教育历史与现状以及国内部分院校的专业人才培养模式进行了比较，从中总结我国专业教育发展的大体趋势和目前存在的主要问题。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。