查询词典 vortex atom

The evaporation fields of metal atoms in the STM configuration have been calculated on the base of the binding energy of the atom on the tip, the total ionization energy of the atom, surface work function, the atomic radius and tip-sample distance.

本文的理论计算表明所需的外加电场强度决定于针尖原子的结合能，原子总的离化能，表面功函数，原子直径以及针尖和样品间距等。

The chelate structure was examined by AFM scaning, single strand structure at AFM gram is Ala-Gln, two combined single strand is Ala-Gln-Zn~(2+), and atomic radius of Ala-Gln-Zn~(2+)'s conjunctive atom is about 0.24 to 0.25nm, which is near to Zn~(2+), so the conjunction atom is Zn~(2+). Thus the coordination reaction and the molar ratio 2:1 is proved again.

原子力显微扫描指出，大量出现的单一弯曲链状结构是Ala-Gln分子，而两两组合连接的链状结构，则是Ala-Gln-Zn~(2+)螯合物，且连接两个链状结构、半径约为0.25nm的中心原子是Zn~(2+)，证明Ala-Gln与Zn~(2+)形成配位比为2：1稳定螯合物。

The results show: the strongest bond is the Al-Al bond in the segregated cell without containing vacancy, where the Al atomic covalence radius is greater than that of Li atom in the cell; while the strongest bond is the Al-Li bond in the segregated cell containing vacancy, and the Al atomic covalence radius in the cell is less than that of Li atom. Since the difference of electronagativity between the Al and Li atoms is obvious, it is inclined to formed the Al-Li segregated cell of short range order structure in the condition of vacancy present. The short range order structure containing vacancy is probably the embryo or precursor structure of the metastable phase δ′(Al3Li). Because the strongest covalent bond in the Al-Li-vacancy segregated cell in alloy formed in quenching is the main strength reason for supersaturated solid solution of alloy. The bond net of succeeding precipitation of δ′(Al3Li) has the picture of anisotropic Al-Al bonding and the bond intensity enhanced. Since the δ′(Al3Li) is coherence with matrix, the bond net strength is enhanced by the precipitation of δ′(Al3Li) and so strengthen the alloy.

计算结果表明：不包含空位的偏聚晶胞的键络最强键为Al—Al键，其中Al原子的共价半径较Li原子的共价半径要大；而含空位的偏聚晶胞的最强键为Al—Li键， Al原子的共价半径要比Li原子的共价半径要小；在空位存在的情况下，由于Al原子与Li原子的电负性相差明显，促使Al和Li原子结合，倾向形成Al-Li短程序结构偏聚区，这种含空位的短程序结构很可能就是δ′(Al3Li)亚稳相的前兆结构和生长胚胎；由于Al-Li-空位有序偏聚晶胞的Al—Li键络比基体键络要强许多，因此，淬火过程中合金生成的Al-Li-空位偏聚晶胞对合金过饱和固溶体起主要强化作用；后续析出的δ′(Al3Li)亚稳相键络各项异性显著，键络强度明显提高；由于Al3Li与基体共格，其大量均匀弥散析出起到提升基体整体键络强度，同样对合金产生强化作用。

The results show: the strongest bond is the Al-Al bond in the segregated cell without containing vacancy, where the Al atomic covalence radius is greater than that of Li atom in the cell; while the strongest bond is the Al-Li bond in the segregated cell containing vacancy, and the Al atomic covalence radius in the cell is less than that of Li atom. Since the difference of electronagativity between the Al and Li atoms is obvious, it is inclined to formed the Al-Li segregated cell of short range order structure in the condition of vacancy present. The short range order structure containing vacancy is probably the embryo or precursor structure of the metastable phase δ'(Al3Li). Because the strongest covalent bond in the Al-Li-vacancy segregated cell in alloy formed in quenching is the main strength reason for supersaturated solid solution of alloy. The bond net of succeeding precipitation of δ'(Al3Li) has the picture of anisotropic Al-Al bonding and the bond intensity enhanced. Since the δ'(Al3Li) is coherence with matrix, the bond net strength is enhanced by the precipitation of δ'(Al3Li) and so strengthen the alloy.

计算结果表明：不包含空位的偏聚晶胞的键络最强键为Al-Al键，其中Al原子的共价半径较Li原子的共价半径要大；而含空位的偏聚晶胞的最强键为Al-Li键，Al原子的共价半径要比Li原子的共价半径要小；在空位存在的情况下，由於Al原子与Li原子的电负性相差明显，促使Al和Li原子结合，倾向形成Al-Li短程序结构偏聚区，这种含空位的短程序结构很可能就是δ'(Al3Li)亚稳相的前兆结构和生长胚胎；由於Al-Li-空位有序偏聚晶胞的Al-Li键络比基体键络要强许多，因此，淬火过程中合金生成的Al-Li-空位偏聚晶胞对合金过饱和固溶体起主要强化作用；后续析出的δ'(Al3Li)亚稳相键络各项异性显著，键络强度明显提高；由於Al3Li与基体共格，其大量均匀弥散析出起到提升基体整体键络强度，同样对合金产生强化作用。

When it is great enough to destroy the combination between the top layer atom and the next layer of atom, the top layer atomics are removed.

随着工件表面受力的增大，工件表面可能产生塑性变形，足够大的时候就可以破坏表层原子与下一层原子之间的结合，实现表层原子的去除，反力越大就意示着能去除掉更多数量的原子。

In the system of two energy levels atom, based on the quantum theory and considering the effects of the outfield on the atom system, we can get the conclusion that the direction of external force is contrary to average acceleration, which conflicts with quantum Newton equation.

在二能级原子系统中，考虑外场对原子系统的影响，根据量子理论推导，容易得到外力与外力贡献的平均加速度方向相反的结论，这与量子牛顿方程相抵触，称之为佯谬。

Each atom behaves like a tiny bar magnet, and when the crystal is cooled to near absolute zero, the atom-magnets align.

有时候，四面体四个角中的三个排列在一起，使得四面体的中心产生磁单极子。

Various schemes of atomic guiding are classified and some applications of atom-guiding technology are introduced. We also introduce atomic beam splitter in details, which is one of important elements of atom optics.

本文就各种不同的原子激光导引和磁导引方案进行了分类与综述，并就中性原子导引技术的应用及原子光学的重要元器件之一"原子分束器"作了较为详细的介绍。

In these binary clusters, the number of heavy atom is much larger than that of light atom.

研究表明，过渡金属的3d价层电子和空的3d轨道是影响二元团簇组成的重要因素。

Combining the idea of quantization and the semi-classical hydrogen model of Bohr, the structure of atom is described. Solving the Schrodinger equation, the deduced wave function is related to the probability of finding the electron in space, a particle in the potential well and in a box. The concept of atom is expanded to the molecular and the energy band theory of solid state physics.

经由波尔之半古典的氢原子模型，结合量子化的概念以解释原子结构，并引入薛丁格方程式所求得之波函数与电子之空间机率的关系描述粒子波动特性，进而探讨位能井与氢原子光谱模型。

The French are not suggesting a new EU treaty, but they have plenty of other wheezes.

法国人并不是在建议签署一个新的欧盟条约，但他们有许多其他的阴谋。

This letter was written by my brother.

这封信是我弟弟写的。