查询词典 vibration meter

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

As the use of digital technology, time-sharing billing energy meter, prepaid energy meter, energy meter multi-user, multi-function watt-hour meter debut one after another, and further use of electricity to meet the scientific and rational use of electricity demand; electromechanical watt-hour meter is induction Watt-hour meter as the base table, through the acquisition of electronic circuit of the principle of pulse power meter measurement.

由于应用了数字技术，分时计费电能表、预付费电能表、多用户电能表、多功能电能表纷纷登场，进一步满足科学用电、合理用电的需求；机电式电能表是用感应式电能表作为基表，通过电子线路采集脉冲的原理进行计量的电能表。

In view of these shortcomings, this frequency meter has made the radical innovation in the design, its merit is: Uses the core component is the advanced monolithic special-purpose frequency measurement component -- monolithic frequency meter, the integration rate is high, the volume is small, consumes the electricity province, function, has realized the frequency meter high integration and the microminiaturization; So long as the monolithic frequency meter adds on the crystal oscillator, the measuring range choice, the frequency demonstrated and so on the very few components then constitute DC to the 10MHz miniature basic frequency measurement electric circuit; But the biggest merit was this frequency meter has realized monolithic frequency meter, frequency sampling electric circuit and the monolithic microcomputer three between hardware and the software connection completely, caused the frequency measurement measuring range the choice, the frequency data survey, the sampling as well as the code frontier transformation and the data dump possible monolithic microcomputer software programming automatically to carry on, thus has realized the frequency measurement and the sampling work intellectualizes completely, causes this system already to be possible to constitute a miniature intelligence to measure rate the instrument core electric circuit independently, also might take in the large-scale automatic control or a test system intelligent subsystem.

针对这些缺点，本频率计在设计上作了根本的革新，其优点是：所用核心器件是先进的单片专用测频器件——单片频率计，集成度高，体积小，耗电省，功能强，实现了频率计的高度集成化和微型化；单片频率计只要加上晶振、量程选择、频率显示等很少量的器件即可构成一个DC至10MHz的微型基本测频电路；而最大的优点则是本频率计完全实现了单片频率计、频率采样与单片微机三者之间的硬件与软件接口，使得测频量程的选择、频率数据的测量、采样以及编码的边境转换和数据的转储均可能过单片微机的软件编程自动进行，从而实现了测频与采样工作的完全智能化，使得本系统既可独立构成一个微型智能测率仪器的核心电路，也可作为大型自动控制或测试系统中的一个智能子系统。

In view of these shortcomings this frequency meter has made the radical innovation in the design its merit is: Uses the core component is the advanced monolithic special-purpose frequency measurement component -- monolithic frequency meter the integration rate is high the volume is small consumes the electricity province function has realized the frequency meter high integration and the microminiaturization; So long as the monolithic frequency meter adds on the crystal oscillator the measuring range choice the frequency demonstrated and so on the very few components then constitute DC to the 10MHz miniature basic frequency measurement electric circuit; But the biggest merit was this frequency meter has realized monolithic frequency meter frequency sampling electric circuit and the monolithic microcomputer three between hardware and the software connection completely caused the frequency measurement measuring range the choice the frequency data survey the sampling as well as the code frontier transformation and the data dump possible monolithic microcomputer software programming automatically to carry on thus has realized the frequency measurement and the sampling work intellectualizes completely causes this system already to be possible to constitute a miniature intelligence to measure rate the instrument core electric circuit independently also might take in the large-scale automatic control or a test system intelligent subsystem.

摘要传统的测频仪器体积很大，耗能量大，主要靠手工操作，而最大的缺点是不可编程，其量程转换、数据测量、采样控制和处理等均不能通过程序指令来进行控制，无法作为一个微型智能子系统与某一大型自动控制或测试系统进行接口。针对这些缺点，本频率计再设计上作了根本的革新，其优点是：所用核心器件是先进的单片专用测频器件——单片频率计，集成度高，体积小，耗电省，功能强，实现了频率计的高度集成化和微型化；单片频率计只要加上晶振、量程选择、频率显示等很晌慰的器件即可构成一个DC至10MHz的微型基本测频电路；而最大的优点则是本频率计完全实现了单片频率计、频率采样与单片微机三者之间的硬件与软件接口，使得测频量程的选择、频率数据的测量、采样以及编码的边境转换和数据的转储均可能过单片微机的软件编程自动进行，从而实现了测频与采样工作的完全智能化，使得本系统既可独立构成一个微型智能测率仪器的核心电路，也可作为大型自动控制或测试系统中的一个智能子系统。关键词高度集成化，单片机，频率计，电路

The company main product are single phase mechanical KWH meter, three phase mechanical KWH meter, single phase electronic meter, three phase electronic meter, single phase prepaid meter, three phase prepaid meter, limit switch, micro switch, foot pedal switch, adjust switch, safety switch, cutout limiter, double-way rope pulling switch, double-way bias switch, self-lock foot pedal switch, high voltage switchboard switch, limit switch with light display, multi function limit switch, slide-stop switch, fire-control push button switch, signal light, mini circuit breaker, connector fuse cut-out, automatic photo-controls, American 6 pole computer plug.

公司主要产品：单相机械式电度表、三相机械式电度表、单相电子式电度表、三相电子式电度表、单相预付费电度表、三相预付费电度表、行程开关、微动开关、脚踏开关、限位开关、安全开关、断火限位器、拉绳开关、跑偏开关、自锁式脚踏开关、高压开关柜限位开关、带灯显示行程开关、多功能行程开关、打滑开关、消防按钮开关、信号灯、小型断路器、熔断器式保险插座、路灯控制器、美式6孔电脑插座。

According to structural characteristics of floating slab tracks, a track segment element was taken between two adjacent fasteners. For each element, rails were regarded as Euler beams supported by discrete viscoelastic supports. The fasteners and rubber supports were replaced by a linear spring and damp. So the vibration model of the floating slab track was established. In constructing vibration model of a metro train, each car of the metro train with two suspensions was modeled as a multi-rigid body system, in which rigid bodies were connected with each other by a linear spring and damp. Combining the potential energy of vertical vibration of the track with that of the metro train, the total potential energy of vertical vibration of the train and track was obtained. And then, the matrix equation of vertical vibration of the system was established using the principle of total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and the "set-in-right-position" rule for formulating system matrices. The vibration responses of the system can be obtained by solving the matrix equation with the direct time integration such as Wilson-θ method.

摘 要：针对浮置板式轨道结构特点，取相邻2个扣件之间的轨道为1个轨段单元，钢轨视为连续弹性点支承Euler梁，浮置板视为弹性薄板，扣件系统及橡胶支座均模拟为线性弹簧及粘滞阻尼器，建立浮置板式轨道振动模型；将城轨列车中的车辆均离散为多刚体系统，各刚体之间通过线性弹簧及粘滞阻尼器相连，建立列车振动模型；将浮置板式轨道及列车振动势能叠加，得到系统竖向振动总势能；基于弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理及形成系统矩阵的"对号入座"法则，建立此系统竖向振动矩阵方程；采用Wilson-θ逐步积分法求解此矩阵方程，得出此系统竖向振动响应。

Combine in single-phase kilowatt-hour meter checking meter concrete application of the system , do a simple example to infrared practical application ofdata communication. Because infrared communication interface, it hold person who check meter can finish it easy. The efficiency of improving the work of checking meter greatly , and check meter to exactitudly and stop to some mistakes check.

结合在电度表抄表系统中的具体应用，对红外数据通信的实际应用做了一个简单的例子，在电度表抄表系统中，由于配备了红外通信接口，利用手持抄表器可以方便地完成对电度表的抄录和校准等工作，大大提高了抄表工作的效率，而且抄表精度高并杜绝了估抄和误抄的问题。

Measures to increase transparency in the work of fees, from meter reading to eliminate the root of "riskcu gu count" and other undesirable phenomena, the company announced to take meter base, meter reading to ask the user signature, and strengthen the supervisory function, meter reading accuracy rate more than 98% of the year did not appear because the measurement of meter-reading charges arising from disputes.

为增加收费计量工作的透明度，从根本上杜绝抄表中&粗估冒算&等不良现象，公司采取公布水表底数，抄表单要求用户签字的方式，强化了监督职能，抄表准确率达到98%以上，全年没有出现因为计量抄表收费而引起的纠纷。

To provide optical fiber: Fiber Distributed Temperature Stress Test System, Fiber Distributed Temperature Measurement System, Fiber Bragg Grating Health Monitoring System, fiber optic geophone systems, fiber Bragg grating wavelength calibration instrument and so on, which sensor product line is extremely rich and has industry representation, including: fiber optic temperature hygrometer, fiber-optic gas alarm, fiber-optic magnetic field sensors, optical fiber vibration sensor, fiber-optic high temperature pressure sensors, fiber-optic WIM system , fiber optic strain gauge welding, fiber optic embedded strain gauge, optical soil pressure gauge, fiber reinforcement meter, fiber optic pressure ring, fiber-optic displacement meter, fiber cracks meter, fiber optic osmometer, fiber-optic temperature sensor high temperature , optical fiber cable meter and so on.

北京达卡科技有限公司光纤方面提供：光纤分布式应力温度测试系统、光纤分布式温度测试系统、光纤光栅健康监测系统、光纤地震检波系统、光纤光栅波长校验仪等，其中传感器产品线极为丰富和具有行业代表性，包括：光纤温湿度计、光纤瓦斯报警器、光纤磁场传感器、光纤振动传感器、光纤耐高温高压传感器、光纤动态称重系统、光纤焊接式应变计、光纤埋入式应变计、光纤土压力计、光纤钢筋计、光纤压力环、光纤位移计、光纤裂缝计、光纤渗压计、光纤耐高温温度传感器、光纤钢索计等。

In the experimental work, application of proportional controller to active vibration control incorporated with passive vibration isolator to suppress its resonant oscillation of natural frequency is studied in this project. Vibration acceleration acquired from accelerator is inputted to controller as feedback signal. The processed signal from controller is transmitted to voice coil actuator to control vibration. Firstly, based on the theoretical equations which govern the system vibration, the physical mechanism of active control in total system is studied.

在实验部分，则运用比例控制器进行被动式隔振系统自然频率共振抑制之主动控制实验，控制回馈讯号采用加速规量得之振动加速度值，经由控制器计算输出控制讯号驱动音圈致动器进行主动控制。

Panorama Many people are dancing in a large sitting room.

在一个大客厅里，许多人在跳舞。

We fully understand how a microwave oven cooks food, it is first necessary to talk ...

我们充分理解一个微波炉煮的食物，这是首先要谈。。。