查询词典 transition complex

In this thesis, a series of complexes based on aromatic multicarboxylic acids have been successfully synthesized in solutions or under hydrothermal conditions. Their structure and properties are investigated.(1) Eight complex compounds have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffractive technology: The eight complexes are listed as following: [Cu242] complex 1 [Cd22(H2O)4]·4H2O complex 2 [Co(H2btc)(H2O)3] complex 3 [Co2(H2O)2]·H2O complex 4 [Ni22(H2O)4] complex 5 [Cu22(H2O)4] complex 6 [Co(H2biim)2(H2O)2](H2btc) complex 7 [Zn(H2biim)2(H2O)2](H2btc) complex 8 The structure of complex 1 is dinuclear complex resulted from weak interactions（0-D chain）; complex 2 is 1-D chain stucture result from interactions of water molecules; complex 3、4、5、6 are coordination polymers using hydrothermal synthses, where the first kind ligand is H4btc, the second kind ligand is phen and Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+ as center ions, respectively. While the coordination enviroment of Co2+ is the same in complex 3, the coordination geometries around the Co atoms in complex 4 are obviously different because of the different reaction conditions. In complex 4, the 1-D chains are connected into 2-D layer through carboxy groups of ligand H4btc. The structures of complex 5、6 are 1-D chain stucture result from interactions of carboxy groups in ligand H4btc. Complex 7、8 are homeomorphy compounds. Either of them are linked to the 3-D chains through intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Each H4btc lose two protons and H2btc2- acts as negative electron balance.

合成了8个结构新颖的配合物，并用X-射线单晶结构分析方法确定了晶体结构，分别为： [Cu242] 配合物1 [Cd22(H2O)4]·4H2O 配合物2 [Co(H2btc)(H2O)3] 配合物3 [Co2(H2O)2]·H2O 配合物4 [Ni22(H2O)4] 配合物5 [Cu22(H2O)4] 配合物6 [Co(H2biim)2(H2O)2](H2btc)配合物7 [Zn(H2biim)2(H2O)2](H2btc)配合物8 配合物1是一个依靠弱作用连接的双核铜结构；配合物2借助水分子形成一维链状结构；配合物3、4、5、6是以H4btc为第一配体、phen为第二配体，通过水热法合成的配合物，其中，Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+为中心离子；配合物3中的二价钴离子具有相同的配位环境，不同反应条件下得到的配合物4中的二价钴离子存在不同的配位环境，在配合物4中，一维链通过H4btc上的羧基形成一个二维层结构；配合物5、6是借助H4btc上的羧基形成的一维链状结构；配合物7、8属于异质同晶结构，它们的分子通过分子间氢键形成三维网状结构，H4btc上的羧基失去2个质子，作为一个二价负离子起到电荷平衡作用。

In the research to demand of International reserves,first, according to the affective character of demand to transition of International reserves, choosing the decision theory of Markov and dynamic transition equation as basic model, the paper has set up two transition methods--- stationary matrix and dynamic matrix, the later matrix has improved the sensitive reaction to time and velocity. Second, combining with knowledge of linear algebra, the paper has analyzed and testified the positive associated relation between transition matrix elements on main diagonal and the convergent speed of system, and explained why international reserves transition embodies the character under new situation and why the transition process can be accelerated by the strike of international idle money. Third,on the quantitative calculating to elements of transition matrix,referring to multiplication theory and decomposing-composing method of system, the paper has transformed main three-factor deciding confidence of international monetary into detail modulus by comparing analysis measure,now the matrix has been decided.

在国际储备的需求分析研究中，本文首先选择马尔可夫转移方程作为基础模型，根据需求对外汇储备结构的影响特点，提出非定常转移矩阵变换方法，拓展了马尔可夫变换对时间和速度的敏感性；结合线性代数知识，分析证明了定常转移矩阵的主对角线元素值的大小与系统的收敛速度的正向关联关系，并利用结论解释了国际货币新动向下外汇储备转换表现出的趋势特点以及国际游资冲击对国际货币结构变化的加速影响；在转移矩阵元素的量化计算上，本文参考乘数理论和系统分解合成原理，采用对比分析方法把影响国际货币信心的三大要素综合量化为转移偏好系数，然后根据转移偏好系数确定转移矩阵的元素值，其中还分别具体给出了定常转移矩阵和非定常转移矩阵的计算方法及在变换中的使用方法，从而不仅在定量分析上应证了定性分析结论，而且反映了随时间变化的美圆、欧元、日圆的比例结构均衡过程。

In this paper,fuzzy complex numbers,limits of the sequence of fuzzy complex numbers,the metrical convergence and levelwise convergence,the continuity offuzzy complex functions,the calculus of fuzzy complex functions,theseries whose terms are fuzzy complex numbers,the series whose terms arefuzzy complex functions,the fuzzy complex measure and fuzzy differentialequation are investigated in details.All this may be a foundation forfurther researching fuzzy complex analysis.

本文对模糊复数、模糊复数列的极限、度量收敛与水平收敛、模糊复函数的连续性、模糊复函数的微积分、模糊复数项级数、模糊复函数项级数、模糊复测度及模糊微分方程理论进行了详细的研究，为模糊复分析的进一步研究打下一定基础。

Then we introduced transition probability kernel for the hidden state process and the confederated process. In the deep research, we found that some similar parameters of state transition probability, observation symbol probability and initial state probability were involved in the transition probability kernel of the confederated process. So we can complete the training of traditional HMM parameters by training the transition probability kernel of the confederated process. To our surprised, we got the consistency of transition probability kernel of the confederated process. Meanwhile, we proved the rationality and reliability of the parameters estimation equations under the classical B-W algorithm.

然后对联合过程的转移概率核展开研究，我们根据过程的取值空间的不同，引入了隐状态空间和联合过程空间上的转移概率核，研究中发现在联合空间上的转移概率核包含了在一般的隐马氏模型的参数估计中的所有类似的三组参数(转移概率，观测概率和初始概率)，因此对传统的隐马氏模型的参数训练我们可以通过联合过程的转移概率核的训练来完成，更令我们惊奇的是联合过程的转移概率核还具有一致性；同时对于Baum提出的经典的B-W算法给出的关于模型的参数重估计公式，证明了它的合理性和可靠性，即模型经过重估计后的参数能够满足给定的单观测序列在模型下发生的概率是单调递增的。

Where two or more aerodromes are very close, for which there are stipulations for the same transition height, a uniform transition level may be used", shall be revised as:"The transition level refers to the lowest flight level above the transition height or transition altitude that may be used according to the provisions of the relevant aerodromes.

如两个或两个以上的机场相距很近，并已规定有相同过渡高，可以使用统一的过渡高度层&修改为&过渡高度层是指为有关机场规定的过渡高或者过渡高度以上可用的最低飞行高度层。

In Chapter 4, we not only give a new definition of fuzzy finite automata, of which the state transition accords with a compound fuzzy transition, but also present an important conclusion that the coarsest respecting compound fuzzy transition partition of states is same with the coarsest equivalent partition. In the discussion of coarsest partition, we give an algorithm respecting compound fuzzy transition which would be applied to get the coarsest respecting compound fuzzy transition partition.

第四章根据分明自动机的等价分类，通过重新定义模糊自动机识别过程，使得模糊自动机的识别过程与一个合成模糊变换一致，而且得到了尊重合成模糊变换的最粗分类即为状态集的最粗等价分类这一重要结论。

On the basis of Ritter real morphological associative memory, complex lattices and complex rings are defined respectively through introducing two ordinal relationships between complex numbers, consequently the same recall rules are obtained as RMAM in complex domain and construct a class of complex MAM, called extended RMAM. The CMAM can directly process complex signals such as FFT-ed complex data.

在Ritter的实域形态联想记忆(real morphological associative memory，简称RMAM)模型的基础上，通过在复数域中序关系的引入构成复数格和环，导出了在复数域上与RMAM相一致的联想规则，构建了一类复域MAM(complex MAM，简称CMAM)，从而将RMAM从实域推广至复域，使其可直接处理复信号如经FFT(fast Fourier Transformation变换所得数据。

The method for determining a phase-noise spectrum comprises generating real complex samples, by digitally sampling a phase component and phase quadrature component of the input signal in baseband, determining ideal complex samples from generated real samples, establishing complex quotients from the real and ideal complex samples, generating modified complex quotients by assigning the value 1 to the complex quotients, and subjecting the modified complex quotients to a Fourier transform.

所述方法包括以下步骤：通过对基带中的所述输入信号的相位分量和相位正交分量进行数字采样，产生实际复数采样Areal(n(S100)；根据产生的实际采样Areal(n确定理想复数采样Aideal(n(S101)；根据实际复数采样Areal(n和理想复数采样Aideal(n形成复数商ΔA1(n＝Areal/Aideal；通过对所述复数商指定值1，产生经修正复数商B(n(S106)；以及对经修正复数商B(n进行傅立叶变换(S107)。

Chapter 4 The Computation of Complex Argument Fresnel Integral and Complex Ar gument Transition Function and Their Properties The computation of complex argument Fresnel integral and complex argument transition function is a difficult problem meeted in electromagnetic scattering of lossy dielectric wedges.

第四章 复宗量Fresnel积分和复宗量过渡函数的计算及其性质复宗量菲涅耳积分的计算和复宗量过渡函数的计算是有耗介质劈电磁散射中遇到的一个难题，目前无表可查，对其性质也知之不详。

And the mechanism of ATRP is discussed from the view of complex-catalytic reaction. It is deduced that the active center in ATRP is not pure radical but complex active center, which maybe a complex with radical and complex ion. The structure of active center may have a "bridge"structure formed through propaganating radical and transition metal ion, and the active center exists in a"cage"generated by ligand-transition metal ion-organic halide and monomer or solvent.

论文运用基团贡献理论对一些实验现象和结果进行了讨论和分析，并结合研究结果对络合催化引发原子转移自由基聚合反应的机理进行了初步的探讨，认为：过渡金属化合物与有机配体参与的络合催化引发原子转移自由基聚合反应中，聚合反应的活性中心不是纯粹的自由基活性中心，而是与过渡金属相结合的、有着某种"笼"结构存在的复合式活性中心，同时该活性中心以自由基特性为主，同时兼具某种程度的其它活性中心特征（如阳离子和络合聚合活性中心）。

Molecular Distillation is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products.

分子蒸馏技术是一种在高真空条件下进行的连续蒸馏过程，适合于分离高沸点、热敏性及具有生物活性的混合物。

They are to the Noughties what yuppies were to the Eighties .

那在六十年代是时髦的，但在八十年代肯定是过时了