查询词典 tolerance distribution

From the lifespan of relay point of view, a reliability criterion was provided based on dynamic characteristics of anti-forces. Mathematical model of tolerance design with reliability was set up under usage of "stress-strength interference method", taken some critical dynamic characteristics as identification objects such beginning of contact separation speed, speed of collision and gag bit impact velocity. This model showed that lower values of characteristic parameters center and quantitative descriptively relationship between tolerance and product reliability. Multi-objective optimization model of relay tolerance distribution was completed when some factors such as reliability, processing costs and its feasibility into consideration. Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process to determine weight coefficients of various objectives, and usage of simulated annealing, this study performed optimal reliable tolerance allocation of space electromagnetic relay, and then key technology segments were analyzed, accompanying its course measured by controlling chart.

从继电器电寿命的角度，基于动态吸反力特性的配合提出了继电器的可靠性判别准则；在此基础上以触点分离初速度、触点碰撞速度以及衔铁碰撞速度等关键动态特性为判别对象，采用"应力-强度干涉法"建立了继电器可靠性容差设计数学模型，给出了下位特性参数中心值及其容差与产品可靠度之间的定量描述关系；综合考虑可靠度、加工成本及加工可行性等因素建立了继电器容差分配的多目标优化模型，基于层次分析法确定了各目标的权重系数，并采用模拟退火法实现了航天电磁继电器的可靠性容差最优分配；研究了继电器的关键工艺环节，并通过控制图对其过程能力进行了分析。

Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C. communis grown in normal soil. Several aspects were examined, including: difference of copper tolerance and accumulation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil; difference of growth and nutrient accumunation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; physiological differences between between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in C. communis; identification of cDNA fragments differentially expressed in C. communis grown in copper mine deposit; genetic diversity and copper tolerance of C. communis, tolerance mechanisms to copper in C. communis are discussed.

中文题名鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理和富集特征研究副题名外文题名 Mechanisms of Cu tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis 论文作者廖斌导师蓝崇钰束文圣学科专业环境科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中山大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数128页关键词重金属污染植物修复超富集植物土壤污染铜污染鸭跖草馆藏号BSLW /2003 /X53 /12 论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料，分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异，以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究，矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆，铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响，从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。

Finishing calculation of mean value, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis of Beta distribution.(2) Fitting parameters of many kinds of typical distribution and using residual deviation to evaluate fitting precision.(3) Using Beta distribution as an agreed indication distribution applied to many kinds of practical photoelectric measurement distributions.(4) Deriving theory formula of Bayes point estimation about Beta distribution parameters and mean value and standard deviation on the condition of mean square error loss function and supposed the prior distribution is uniform distribution.(5) Generating MCMC sample from post distribution by the method of Gibbs sample algorithm. Calculating bayes point estimation from sample on the condition of mean square error loss function. Calculating confidence interval by an approximate method to complete interval estimation.

本文的主要工作有：(1)解决了Beta分布参数a和b的精确计算以及均值、标准差、偏度、峰度的计算问题；(2)拟合出10余种典型分布的Beta分布的两个参数，并且采用剩余标准差评价该Beta分布的拟合精度；(3)对多种典型的光学与光电测量系统的测量分布进行了Beta分布统示表示；(4)在假设先验分布为均匀分布前提下，得到参数a和b以及均值μ和标准差σ在均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计理论计算公式；(5)利用直接抽样的Gibbs抽样算法，从后验分布中产生MCMC样本，从样本直接计算均方误差损失函数下的贝叶斯点估计，并使用一种近似方法计算其置信区间，完成区间估计。

This thesis mainly discuss following issues, Theory and simple expressions for array covariance matrixes are derived when angular spread functions are symmetric distribution functions, i. e. the Uniform distribution, the Gauss distribution, the Laplace distribution and the Von Mises distribution, and a non-symmetric distribution function, i. e. the Gamma distribution. And the relation between the effective signal subspace and the array number, or and the nominal angle of the distributed source, the angular spread, the distributed functions, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio is gained. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the array number. And it is more obvious to the non-symmetric distribution. The dimension of the effective signal subspace decreases with increment of the nominal angle. And the distributed source is equal to a point source as θ=π/2. The dimension of the effective signal subspace increases with increment of the angular spread.

本论文针对阵列信号处理中广泛存在的分布源现象，主要讨论了以下问题：推导了角度分布函数分别为对称的均匀分布、高斯分布、拉普拉斯分布、Von Mises分布和非对称的伽马分布时，分布源阵列接收信号协方差阵的严格模型和简化模型，得到了单个分布源的有效信号子空间随阵元数、分布源中心角、分布角、角度分布函数和信噪比的变化规律：随着阵元数的增加，对所有角度分布函数的有效信号子空间维数也随着增加，且非对称分布函数的有效信号子空间充满整个空间的可能性更大；随着分布源中心角逐步增加，有效信号子空间维数逐步减小，当θ=π/2时，等价于点源情形；随着分布源分布角逐渐加大，有效信号子空间维数也随之增加，直到有效信号子空间充满整个空间；随着信噪比的增加，有效信号子空间维数有一定程度的减少。

At first, beginning with legal definition of power and right of distribution----the core concept of distributive institute, the paper analyses the characteristics of power and right of distribution, types and nature and legal attribute of it, proposed the concept of the power of distribution and the right of distribution, among them, the national power of distribution mainly include the planed regulatory power of GNP distribution, the distributive power of national finance, the power of taxation, the regulatory power of banking, the intervene power of price distribution etc. the distributive right of enterprise's income and the distributive right of resident's income are the main content of the right of distribution.

首先从作为分配法律制度核心范畴的分配权的法律界定入手，详细全面地分析了分配权的特征、类型划分、性质和部门法归属，提出了以调整国民收入分配关系为目标的国民收入分配的计划调控权、国家财政分配权、征税权、金融调控权、价格分配干预权等为主要内容的国家分配权力，以及以企业收入分配权、个人收入分配权为组成部分的分配权利的法律内容。

ABSTRACT In this dissertation, fault-tolerance of redundant manipulators is thoroughly investigated. First, inherent relationship between the dexterity and fault-tolerance of single-redundancy manipulator is discussed. Both the manipulability and the relative manipulability are utilized for measuring the kinematic fault-tolerance of the manipulator with one joint failure. Furthermore, the relative manipulability is used for measuring dexterity loss resulted by one joint failure, and the relationship between the fault-tolerance measurement and null space vector of Jacobian matrix is established.

本文对冗余自由度机器人的答错性问题进行了深入的分析和迭付：首先研究了单冗余度机器人运动学灵活性与容错性之间的内在关系，提出以故障构形的可操作度和相对可操作度来度量机器人的运动学容错性，用相对可操作度来度量关节故障给机器人操作灵巧性造成的损失，并建立了容错性度量指标与Jacobian矩阵零空间向量之间的关系。

Tolerance relations played a key role in resolving setup sequences, and tolerance factor introduced to normalize the geometric tolerance and dimensional tolerance.

其中公差关系为混合图中决定定位顺序的重要关键，本文以综合公差因子对几何公差与尺寸公差进行一致性的比较。

That means Pho85 kinaseand calcineurin were involved in salt tolerance with an identical target protein or in 中科院上海生化与细胞所博士学位论文摘要 the same pathway. Inhibition of calcineurin decrease the YPH499, pho80? mutant,and pap1 (pcl7)? mutant Mn2+ tolerance but not that of pho85? mutant and thepho85? mutant was more sensitive to Mn2+ than YPH499, pho80? mutant, and pap1(pcl7)? mutant even with the addition of cyclosporin A. Therefore, the conclusioncould be drawn that PHO85 gene played a dominant role in Mn2+ homeostasisregulation in compare with calcineurin. As for Ca2+ tolerance, cyclosporin A canincrease the tolerance to Ca2+ of all the mutant mention above, that means Pho85kinase and calcineurin function antagonistically in regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis.In Bioinformatics, BRI3 gene is a novel gene without any function clue but givehigh conservation in mammalian.

我们通过钙调磷酸酶的特异抑制剂环孢菌素A研究了YPH499、+2+pho85缺失株、pho80缺失株、pap1缺失株在钙调磷酸酶失活后对Na、Mn、2+Ca金属离子敏感性的变化，结果显示Pho85蛋白激酶和钙调磷酸酶通过直接+或间接激活同一个靶蛋白或途径来增强细胞对Na的耐受；和钙调磷酸酶相比，2+PHO85的缺失对酵母细胞Mn耐受性的破坏是相对控制性的，钙调磷酸酶的失2+活不能进一步降低pho85缺失株对Mn的耐受能力；Pho85和钙调磷酸酶在对2+Ca的耐受调节中是相互拮抗的，钙调磷酸酶的失活能增加pho85缺失株和2+pho80缺失株的Ca耐受。i中科院上海生化与细胞所博士学位论文摘要对本实验室克隆的人新基因BRI3进行系统的生物信息学分析，发现它是一个在哺乳动物中保守的，但功能未知的基因。

In the aspect of grass cold tolerance, these ten grasses were classified into three types by the cluster analysis, based on winter survival adaptability and LT50 measured under low temperature treatment. High cold tolerance: Bromus biebersteinii,Bromus inermis,Festuca arundinacea, Agropyron desertorum,Elytrigia elongate, Phleum pretense; medium cold tolerance: Festuca rubra, Agropyron smithii,Dactylis glomerata; low cold tolerance: Phalaris arundinacea.

禾本科牧草在耐寒性方面，根据牧草越冬适应性表现和低温处理下用电导法得出的半致死温度， 10种牧草进行聚类分析结果表明：耐寒性强的是草地雀麦、无芒雀麦、苇状羊茅、沙生冰草、长穗偃麦草、猫尾草；耐寒性中等的是紫羊茅、蓝茎冰草、鸭茅；耐贫瘠性最弱的是草芦。

Events,Operation and Relation of Sets, Classical Probability, Geometrical Probability , Statistical Stability of a Frequency, Axioms of Probability, Conditional Probability, Total Probability Theorem, Bayes' Rule,Independent Events,Independent Repeated Trials, One Dimensional Random Variables, Discrete Random Variables, Distribution Function of a Random Variables , Continuous Random Variables, Normal Distribution, Distribution of a Function of a Random Variable, Multidimensional Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Marginal Distribution Function,Discrete Two—Dimensional Random Variables,Continuous Two—Dimensional Random Variables, Independent Random Variables, Distribution of Functions of Random Variables,Expectation,Variance, Covariance, Coefficient of Correlation, Bivariate Normal Distribution, Law of Large Numbers, The Central Limit Theorems, Sample and Population ,Chi—Squared, T and F Distributions , Sampling Distributions , Point Estimation , Interval Estimation , Testing Hypotheses , A Test of Significance for Parameters in a Single Sample From a Normally Distributed Population , A Test of Significance for Parameters in Two Sample From Normally Distributed Populations .

本课程的主要内容：概率的概念与运算、随机变量及其分布、随机变量的数字特征与极限定理、数理统计的基本概念、估计和检验的基本方法，随机事件与概率随机事件、事件的关系与运算、几何概率、统计概率等，条件概率、全概率公式、贝叶斯公式、事件的独立性、二项概率公式，随机变量的概念、离散型随机变量、随机变量的分布函数、连续型随机变量、随机变量函数的分布，多维随机变量及其分布函数、边缘分布函数、随机变量的独立性、二维随机变量函数的分布，数学期望、方差、协方差和相关系数、大数定律、中心极限定理，总体与样本， X 2-分布、 t-分布和 F-分布，统计量及抽样分布，假设检验的基本概念、单个正态总体参数的显著性检验、两个正态总体参数的显著性检验。

Anna: No, I've got a hangover.

不是，我昨晚宿醉了。

We head into the mountains in Su's new Land Cruiser, stop for lunch at a scenic restaurant and then hang around drinking beer and eating fruit as two of his employees attempt to lure the birds with a tape recording of the fowl's mating call.

我们坐上苏的巡逻车向山顶出发，在一家风景优美的餐馆吃了中饭。然后我们喝着啤酒吃着水果四处逛。