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Through the assimilating and analyzing the construction materials and the design of reinforced concrete arch bridges with long span from both domestic and abroad, the thesis studies the effect of the arch axis geometry, rise-span ratio, arch ring section and spandrel structures, as well as the ultimate bearing capacity and stability of the entire bridge on the design of reinforced concrete arch bridge. In addition, in consideration of construction, the thesis also studies the applicability of different construction methods such as cable crane system, stiffened skeleton system, swing construction system and cantilever construction system and correspoindingly economica spans and their applications of the reinforced concrete arch bridges.

本论文通过对国内外大跨径钢筋混凝土拱桥的设计、施工资料的收集及其出现问题的分析，从设计角度研究了拱轴线形、矢跨比、拱圈截面及拱上构造、全桥极限承载能力及稳定性对钢筋混凝土拱桥设计的影响；从施工角度研究了缆索吊装法、劲性骨架法、转体施工法、悬臂施工法等不同施工方法的钢筋混凝土拱桥的经济适用跨径及其适用条件。

To solve these problems, assembled skew girder bridge has been simulated used general finite element software ANSYS. Through computation and analysis, the paper discusses the effects of different skew angle and span on load transverse distribution of skew girder bridge, and obtains the changing discipline of the automobile load transverse distribution in different situation.

针对这些问题，本文借助于通用有限元软件ANSYS，对装配式斜梁桥进行模拟，通过计算分析，对在不同跨度和斜度影响下的斜梁桥荷载横向分布进行探讨，并得到了不同情况下汽车荷载横向分布变化规律。

The loading program, by which the load can be directly applied to the internal force influence surface, is generated and used to get the result of loading on the influence surface. Through comparing the result of loading on the internal force influence surface of assembly skew hollow slab bridge with the one of the perpendicular bridge, the reduction factor method is offered and its corresponding reduction factor can be obtained.

编制了内力影响面加载程序实现对内力影响面的直接加载；在此基础上，通过参数分析，对比装配式正交空心板桥和斜交空心板桥内力影响面加载的结果，提出斜交空心板桥设计计算的折减系数法，并给出相应的折减系数。

This article emphasizes to study the theory how to reinforce the two-way curved arch bridge through changing spandrel structure system to summarize the construction method and effect , so that it can be spread and applied in practice of reinforcing improving the load and widening the same type of bridge.

本论文着重研究通过改变拱上结构体系来加固双曲拱桥的加固机理，总结施工方法及实施效果，以便推广应用到同类型桥梁的加固、提载和拓宽的实践中去。

Pyrmont Bridge in front of the zoo and aquarium. This bridge can swing open like a door when there is a large vessel coming through, leaving only the rail on top intact.

动物园和水族馆门口儿的 Pyrmont 桥，这桥在有特别大的船经过的时候可以从中间断开，只留下上边的铁轨不变，像一个门一样打开让船通过

2" Slowly drove up from the south end of Qianmen Dajie, going and stopping along a tramline of over 800 metres, passing through the bonsai trees on the two sides of the road south of "Zhengyang Bridge", splitting up with one entering each station on the east and west sides of "Zhengyang Bridge.

昨日11时许，两辆车头分别标有"前门一号"和"前门二号"的铛铛车缓缓地从前门大街南头驶来，在长达800多米铁轨上走走停停，穿过"正阳桥"南面两侧的盆景树，分别驶进"正阳桥"东西两头的车站。

Hazy Bridge wandered the city's bustling night has become the past, the early hours it was only sporadic through it, rarely stop linger, I Dungan that they have become "rare" in such a desolate night, a person standing on the bridge terms of scenery, even though the sky is very clear, semi-round bright moon hanging in the Western Paradise, the stars blinking in the boundless sky, but people are so tiny, life was so fragile, like the occasional meteor across the sky, no matter how once bright, but also tantamount to fleeting.

信步来到烟霞大桥上，城市夜的繁华已成过往，凌晨时分只零星有人走过，绝少停步留连，我顿感自己已成&稀有&，在这么冷清的夜晚，一个人站在桥上看风景，尽管天空十分明朗，半轮明月挂在西天，星星闪烁在无垠的天际，可是，人却是这样的渺小，生命又那么的脆弱，如同偶尔划过天际的流星，无论曾经多么的璀璨，也形同白驹过隙。

Firstly, this paper investigates the risk management theories and chooses the risk management process suitable for China; secondly, summarizes the types of risks during construction stage, establishs the proper methods for risk identification, with these methods identifies the risks of the Wu-xing Bridge and forms the risk list; thirdly, through the reseach of modern decision-making theoris, researches the risk attitude of the managers by design a risk analysis questionnaire; then, with the expert-experiential based assessment method, makes dynamic risk assessment in every single construction stage; finally, according to the risk assessment results, designs a succinct risk management handbook which supports the risk management during bridge construction pithily.

首先，在研究国内外先进的风险管理理论的基础上，确定了适合我国桥梁施工阶段风险管理的基本流程；其次，对桥梁施工阶段风险事态类型进行了总结，确定了适合我国桥梁施工阶段风险事态识别的方法，并对五星桥进行了详细的风险事态识别，形成了完备的风险事态列表。再次，通过对现代决策理论的研究，制定了研究决策人风险态度的调查问卷，对决策人的风险态度进行了研究；然后，采用基于专家经验的风险估计方法对风险事态进行了评估，并针对施工阶段进行了动态的等级评估；最后，根据评估的风险等级设计了简洁适用的风险管理手册，为桥梁施工现场的风险管理提供了有力支持。

In this paper,a simplified model on tracklayer and correlative algorithms are first introduced,then a state-of-the-art and feasible algorithm is implemented to achieve the coordinate adaption and landform adjustment after the full analysis of the different typical movement state on the treadway bridge,so the tracklayer will get through the bridge correctly in the vision simulation system.

首先介绍了视景仿真系统中车辆的简化模型和相关算法，在此基础上，对车辆以各种方式通过车辙桥的姿态进行了分析，并提出了针对车辙桥的地形匹配算法。

The park lies in the either end of a bridge of Transbay Bridge, the floor space is 34.6 hectares, divided into three scenic spots, and run through with the water body, build and reflect the Australian conditions and customs and China's southern seashore scene characteristic .

主要景点有澳洲园、红林大道、灯塔广场、滨湖木栈道、品果轩、玉林植物观赏区等，红林大道种植凯恩斯市捐赠的火焰树、金花树和XX市市花：紫荆花，象征着两市的事业如花似锦，友谊像花一样艳丽。

It was just a normal day of school

那只是上学的普通一天

Which is a very good reference in this issue.

这是一个在这个问题上很好的参考。