查询词典 threshold voltage

The article adopts "humidity ratio" integrated emendation method and other two traditional emendation methods in emendation calculating on several group test results. The tests are : simulating test in artificial climate room on 110kV substation equipment of Yangbajing, Lasa and Yanghu by Xi"an High Voltage Lab; power frequency voltage discharge test of ZS-110 by Yunnan provincial electrical research academy. It compares and analyses the equipment test voltage emendated to standard atmosphere conditions with the equipment nominal withstanding voltage. And then it concluded that: the emendation value educed by "humidity ratio" integrated emendation method is basically equal or close to the equipment nominal withstanding voltage; but the values by two traditional emendation methods are mostly higher.It also proves that,"humidity ratio integrated emendation method is more perfect than any other methods, and it can reflect the influence degree of atmospheric parameters on electrical equipment outer insulation discharge voltage actually. The method should be spread in designing high elevation power projects.

文中选择&比湿&综合校正法和两种传统校正法，分别对西高所为羊八井、拉萨、羊湖110kV变电所设备所做的人工气候室模拟试验数据及云南中试所做的ZS-110工频放电电压试验数据进行校正计算，将试验电压的校正值与试验设备的标称耐受电压水平进行比较分析；认为：&比湿&综合校正法的校正值与设备耐受电压水平基本相等或接近，而两传统校正法的校正值大多高于设备耐受电压水平；进一步证明，&比湿&综合校正法是目前诸多校正法中较为完善的，能真实地反映大气参数对电气设备外绝缘放电电压的影响程度的校正法，在高海拔电力工程设计中应推广应用。

In this paper,the discharge capacity,stability voltage and the ratio of constant current charge capacity and battery discharge capacity of lithium ion battery were studied. For the lithium manganese lithium-ion batteries,the discharge capacity,mid-value voltage and stability voltage all increased with increasing charge cutoff voltage. As long as charge cutoff voltage was no less than 4.15 V,the battery discharge capacity loss would not exceed 6%. When charge cutoff voltage was 4.15V,the constant current charge capacity accounted for more than 85% of total charge capacity,a little change from 4.20 V.

主要研究了不同截止电压对锰酸锂离子电池的放电容量性能、工作电压和恒流/恒压充电容量等电池性能的影响，结果表明：对于锰酸锂材料锂离子电池，放电容量、中值电压和稳定电压都随着充电截止电压的升高而提高，电池的充电截止电压只要不低于4.15 V，电池放电容量损失就不会超过6%；当充电截止电压为4.15 V时，电池的恒流充电容量占总充电容量的85%以上，与4.20 V相比变化不大。

Ningbo Tongda Electric Apparatus Switches Factory is specialized in the production of high and low voltage switch equipment. The main products are 3-35KV high voltage switch cabinet, various kinds of low voltage switch cabinet, 10-35KV high voltage elements, SMC insulation panel and structure components and components of various kinds of elevator and automatic staircase. The factory cooperated with Xian High Voltage Electric Apparatus Institute and is the first factory in China who uses SMC material in High Voltage Electric Apparatus. Sn10-35 oil circuit breaker won the Third Prize of Science Promotion Reward.

宁波通达电器开关厂是专业生产高低压开关设备的厂家，主要产品有3-35KV高压开关柜、各种低压开关柜、10-35KV级高压元件，SMC压制绝缘板和结构件、各种升降梯自动扶梯配件。1987年与西安高压电品研究所合作，是全国首家在高压电器上采用SMC材料，如SN10-35少油断路器灭弧片，荣获部级科技进步三等奖。

Since the voltage not only has relationship with both the reactive power and the balance of reactive load, but also relies on the structure of network and capability of voltage regulation, the system takes all the factors above into consideration and adopts the methods as follows: realizing grading control and management according to the voltage level and region partition, realizing jointly regulation and information pool by the application of advanced software in local and central station, realizing the optimal control of reactive voltage based on the measurement data from the regulative automation system and the angle of the whole system, realizing the exact application of reactive compensator and the on-load tap appropriate changer for voltage regulation transformers , and realizing the balance of reactive voltage in local site.

随着调度自动化系统的日益普及，以及越来越多的电网中的有载调压分接开关和电容器补偿装置投入使用，本课题研究开发基于分级递阶的地调/中心站模式无功电压控制系统，由于电压既与无功功率和无功负荷平衡有关，又与电网结构、调压能力有关，所以系统考虑电压等级、按区域实施分级控制、分级管理，利用中心站和地调的电力系统高级应用软件的作用实现众多装置的联合调整，信息共享。

This series of instruments for low-voltage, medium voltage, high-voltage switchgear and distribution systems, central station monitoring system, generator set systems, building automation systems, energy management system, such as factories, able to measure three-phase three-wire, three-phase four-wire system current, voltage, active power, reactive power, apparent power, active power, reactive power, power factor, frequency, voltage triangular openings, the largest open-shaped voltage power parameters, at the same time with a remote, remote control function.

该系列 仪表适用于低压、中压、高压开关和配电系统、中心电站监测系统、发电机组系统、楼宇自控系统、工厂能量管理系统等，能够测三相三线，三相四线系统的电流、电压、有功功率、无功功率、视在功率、有功电能、无功电能、功率因数、频率、开口三角形电压、最大开口形电压等电力参数，同时带有遥信、遥控功能。

The vapour and plasma ignition times of the target are got based on the equation of heat conduction and cascade model. We suppose that the plasma is ignited when 210 generations of new electrons are born in vapour generation time. The influence of temperature on the thermodynamics and optics parameters of material also have been considered in the model. The resulting theory has good agreement with the experiment and overseas report. A blade method to measure the laser spot is given in this paper with validation and error analysis. The plasma threshold of metals in atmosphere and water ambients both are diagnosed with the light deflection and piezoelectric transducer. A Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at infrared (1064nm), visible(532nm) and ultraviolet (355nm) wavelengths has been used. Al、Fe、Cu are used as targets and get a similar results with both method. Theoretical and experimental analyses are applied on the influence of wavelength on the threshold have been done, both of which have shown that the plasma threshold of metals decrease as the laser wavelength increases; The plasma threshold of metals are higher in water than in air and the pressure of the shock wave in water is five times higher than in air.

从热传导方程和雪崩电离机制出发，假设当电子增值2~(10)倍时，考虑了温度对材料热力学和光学参数的影响时，得到了气化和等离子体点燃的时间，利用该模型进行计算得到的结果与国内外报道及自行通过实验测得的阈值基本一致；提出了利用刀刃法测量激光光斑面积的方法，并通过实验进行了验证和误差分析；利用光偏转装置和压电换能器分别对空气和水中金属等离子体点燃阈值进行了实验诊断，激光器均为调Q—YAG激光器(波长1064nm，532nm，355nm，脉宽10ns)，靶材分别为Al、Fe和Cu，两种测试方法得到的等离子体点燃阈值基本一致；本文从实验和理论计算两个方面讨论了波长对等离子体点燃阈值的影响，均得到了等离子体点燃阈值随着波长的增加而减小的结论；对空气中和水中不同环境下金属等离子体的点燃阈值进行了比较研究，得到了金属在水中的等离子体点燃阈值比空气中的大，且水中产生的冲击波的压强是空气中的5倍左右的结论。

The results showed that:(1) The characteristic frequency of IC neurons of house mouse was increased with increasing recording depth, and the masker intensity used was positive relevant to the IC neurons\' minimum threshold. When the minimum threshold was high, the masker intensity needed was loud, vice versa.(2) According to the masking rate at MT+10dB of IC neurons to frequency modulation and tone burst, the IC neurons were classified as three types: type I neurons ( 72/113, 63.7%), in which the masking effect of TB was better than frequency modulation ;type II neurons (32/113, 28.3%), in which the masking effects of the two maskers were same; type III neurons( 9/113, 8.0%), in which the masking effect of FM was better than TB.(3) Type I neurons, the minimum threshold of which was low, but the Q_(10) and DR values of which were large; in type III neurons, the minimum threshold was high, the Q_(10) and DR values were narrow; in type III neurons, the MT Q_(10) and DR values were in between.(4) Both FM and TB could make the MT of type I neurons shift upward distinctively, but the effect of TB was more significant than FM.(5) The Q_(10) values of type I neurons became narrower under the influence of TB, were unaffected under the influence of FM.

结果显示：(1)小鼠下丘神经元的特征频率随着记录深度的增加而增高，掩蔽声强度与神经元的最小阈值呈正相关，即对高最小阈值的神经元进行掩蔽时需要的掩蔽声强度高，对低最小阈值神经元进行掩蔽需要的掩蔽声强度低：(2)根据调频声(frequency modulation， FM)和短纯音(tone burst， TB)对下丘神经元阈上10dB处反应的掩蔽，将小鼠IC神经元分为三类：Ⅰ类神经元(72/113，63.7％)，短纯音的掩蔽效果比调频声更好；Ⅱ类神经元(32/113，28.3％)，两者对神经元声反应的掩蔽率相同；Ⅲ类神经元(9/113，8.0％)，调频声的掩蔽效果更好；(3)Ⅰ类神经元的最小阈值低、Q_(10)值和动态范围大，Ⅲ类神经元最小阈值高、Q_(10)值和动态范围小，Ⅱ类神经元的最小阈值、Q_(10)值和动态范围介于Ⅰ和Ⅲ类神经元之间；(4)短纯音和调频声都可以使Ⅰ类神经元声反应的最小阈值明显上移，但短纯音使神经元最小阈值的上移更显著：(5)短纯音使Ⅰ类神经元的Q_(10)值变小，调频声使神经元的Q_(10)值增大不显著，短纯音与调频声对神经元Q_(10)的影响差别显著；(6)短纯音与调频声都使神经元的动态范围减小，并且作用显著，但短纯音的效果更显著：(7)短纯音与调频声都使神经元反应的潜伏期延长，效果显著，但TB的延长作用更为显著；(8)随着探测声强度的升高，短纯音和调频声对Ⅰ类神经元声反应的掩蔽率都降低，但在各个探测声强度短纯音的掩蔽率都比调频声高。

A new dimensionaless parameter, called the threshold-crossing intens ity, is defined as a measure of the threshold-crossing severity, which is equal to the ratio of the product of average number of crossing events per unit time a nd mean threshold-crossing duration and amplitude over the threshold.

定义了一种度量过阀严重程度的新指标，称为"过阀强度"，等于单位时间过阀平均次数、平均过阀延续时间和平均过阀幅值三项乘积与阀值之比。

Part 2. Measurement of macular light sensitivity and FM 100-hue test in normal prese- nium and geratic people. The macular light sensitivity 、macular foveal light sensitivi- ty in 64 (82 eyes) and hue discrimination in 75 (100 eyes) normal presenium and geratic people were examined with macular threshold (white、red、blue and green color light) program of the Humphreh Field Analyzer and FM 100-hue test respectivity. The re- sults showed that the light sensitivity in four color light threshold was all declined with age. The mean error score square of each spectral region and whole spectral was increased with age, the loss of light sensitivity and hue discrmination was a linear correlated with age. The light sensitivity of the different field was compared, except blue color light threshold, the light sensitivity was decreased with the increasing of the eccentricity, white and red color light threshold in the inferior field showed lower sensitivity than that in the superior field.

二、老年前期及老年期正常人的黄斑阈值及FM100-色调试验检测采用Humphrey视野分析仪黄斑阈值程序和FM100-色调试验仪分别对82例（82眼）和75例（100眼）老年前期及老年期正常人进行了黄斑光敏度、黄斑中心凹光敏度及色调分辨力的测定，结果显示四种色光阈值的光敏度均随年龄增加而降低，FM100-色调试验各个色区及全色区错误记分方根随年龄增加而增高，光敏度及色调分辨力的降低与年龄呈线性相关；不同视野的光敏度比较，除蓝色光阈值外，光敏度均随视野偏心度的增加而减少，视野的上半部光敏度较下半部低；视野的鼻侧与颞侧及各象限的光敏度无显著差异。

Secondly, the discharge characteristics were investigated. As the RF power was switched on and the matching impedance suitably set, a pale-purple glow was initially generated near the wall. With increasing RF power, the pale glow evolved into bright white glow. Analysis of voltage and current wave forms suggested that both the voltage and current wave forms are predominately sinusoidal and discharge cycle was above 100 nanoseconds. Current-voltage curve showed that discharge current increase as voltage increase without any abrupt; The current-voltage phase angle suggested that the plasma evolved from being predominately capacitive to predominately resistive. Discharge mode was essential an abnormal glow discharge plasma.

其次对装置的放电特性进行了分析，从放电的现象看，随着放电功率的提高，放电颜色由开始的暗紫色过渡到亮白色；从电流-电压波形曲线图发现所有的放电电流和电压曲线都是正弦曲线，放电的周期达到上百个纳秒；从电流—电压曲线分析，电流随着电压的增长而增长，并没有发现任何的突变现象；从电压—电流相位角来看，随着电流的增大，相位角基本保持不变，整个电路表现出容性放电性质，但是电阻性成分已经很强，属于反常辉光放电区域。

The second is to cut a mere 100 calories from your diet , which is the equivalent of a tablespoon of butter.

第二个就是从你的饮食中减少一百卡路里，只是相当于一大汤匙的黄油。

This is where the Rorschach test comes in.

现在，罗氏测试就出现了。