查询词典 temperature coefficient

To give the definition of the mass concrete and to concrete\'s cracks together with practical meanings of control ,and give a brief review on the research in the field at home and abroad, at last, methods to control temperature crack of the mass concrete from several aspects such as design measures,concrets material, construction schedules.etc are summed up; To explain the physical mechanics of the concrete and computing methods-Difference Method and Finite Element Method, and illustrate the application of their specific methods repectively;Several temperature factors that can influence the temperature stress of mass concrete baseplate are analyzed. The influence degree of temperature factor can be got through the ANSYS simulation computation the control of temperature can control the temperature stress, consequently control the temperature crack of mass concert baseplate; through the influence of the crack resistance ability of mass concrete baseplate which takes the reinforcement as a part is analyzed. By ANSYS simulation, the best suited volume ratio of reinforcement is found out, at same time the layout of reinforcement with the same volume ratio can also affect the resistance ability of mass concrete baseplate. Sum up of above analysis, anti-crack function of steel bar in early mass concrete baseplate is obvious, so it\'s necessary to consider beneficial effect of construction steel bar in research of temperature control on mass concrete baseplate.

本文先容了大体积混凝土及混凝土裂缝的基本概念，对国内外在这个领域里的研究现状作了扼要叙述，并从结构设计、混凝土材质、施工措施等方面总结了大体积混凝土温度裂缝控制的方法及防止措施；阐述了混凝土的基本物理力学性能，总结了大体积混凝土温度计算的方法——差分法和有限元法，并分别举例说明其具体应用的方法；分析了影响大体积混凝土底板温度应力的几种温度因素，利用ANSYS模拟计算，得出了每种因素的影响程度，通过分析提出了在这几种温度影响因素下如何通过控制温度以达到控制温度应力从而来控制裂缝的具体建议；针对大体积混凝土基础底板中配筋的不同对混凝土底板抗裂能力的影响不同，利用ANSYS进行模拟分析，得出底板中最合适的体积配筋率，同时分析了在相同体积配筋率下钢筋的具体布置对大体积混凝土基础底板抗裂能力的影响，分析表明，配置钢筋对混凝土结构的开裂阻止作用明显，在研究大体积混凝土温度裂缝题目时，要考虑钢筋在其中的有利作用。

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This article analyses the application conditions of freezing method, current research status and the problems in this field. It points that it's necessary to study deep freezing temperature field deeply and discusses the factors which influence the freezing wall such as soil's nature, moisture content, geological conditions, etc. It introduces the theory, process of freezing method, the distribution of temperature field of freezing method and key thermotics parameters influencing freezing temperature field. It simplifies the deep freezing temperature field model. Through ANSYS, this article founds the deep freezing temperature field model, and simulates the field on vary heat conductivities. It analyzes the results of ANSYS simulation, gains the theoretical value of thermometric holes which is needed by back-analysis. Using the simulation temperature and actual value, it gets the equivalent heat conductivity. Then it solves the deep freezing temperature field by the equivalent value, simulates the freezing wall development process and temperature change curve. Against the actual project, the results are favorable.

文中分析了冻结法施工的应用条件，目前对冻结法施工的研究现状和在此领域内存在的问题，指出了对深土冻结温度场进行深入研究分析的必要性；对影响冻结壁形成发展的因素如冻土土性、含水量、地质条件及施工方法等因素进行了论述；对冻结法施工的原理、过程，冻结法温度场的分布情况，影响冻结温度场分布的主要热学参数进行了综述；对深土冻土温度场模型进行了合理的简化，通过ANSYS大型有限元分析软件，建立了深土冻结温度场的模型，对不同导热系数情况下的深土冻结温度场进行了模拟；对ANSYS的模拟结果进行了定性的分析，通过对ANSYS结果的后处理取得了反分析时需要用到的测温孔理论温度值；经过对测温孔模拟温度值和实测温度值的分析，得到了冻结温度场的等效导热系数；使用等效导热系数对深土冻结温度场进行了求解，模拟了冻结壁发展情况和温度场中的温度变化曲线，用所得结果对比工程实际情况，取得了较好的效果。

This article analyses the application conditions of freezing method, current research status and the problems in thisiold. It, points that it" s necessary to study deep freezing temperature field deeply and discusses the factors which influence the freezing wall such as soil" s nature, moisture content, geological conditions, etc. It introduces the theory, process of freezing method, the distribution of temperature field of freezing method and key thermotics parameters influencing freezing temperature field, it simplifies the deep freezing temperature field model. Through ANSYS, this article founds the deep freezing temperature field model, and simulates the field on vary heat conductivities. It analyzes the results of ANSYS simulation, gains the theoretical value of thermometric holes which is needed by back analysis. Using the simulation temperature and actual value, it gets the equivalent heat conductivity. Then it solves the deep freezing temperature field by the equivalent value, simulates the freezing wall development process and temperature change curve. Against the actual project, the results are favorable.

文中分析了冻结法施工的应用条件，目前对冻结法施工的研究现状和在此领域内存在的问题，指出了对深土冻结温度场进行深入研究分析的必要性；对影响冻结壁形成发展的因素如冻土土性、含水量、地质条件及施工方法等因素进行了论述；对冻结法施工的原理、过程，冻结法温度场的分布情况，影响冻结温度场分布的主要热学参数进行了综述；对深土冻土温度场模型进行了合理的简化，通过ANSYS大型有限元分析软件，建立了深土冻结温度场的模型，对不同导热系数情况下的深土冻结温度场进行了模拟；对ANSYS的模拟结果进行了定性的分析，通过对ANSYS结果的后处理取得了反分析时需要用到的测温孔理论温度值；经过对测温孔模拟温度值和实测温度值的分析，得到了冻结温度场的等效导热系数；使用等效导热系数对深土冻结温度场进行了求解，模拟了冻结壁发展情况和温度场中的温度变化曲线，用所得结果对比工程实际情况，取得了较好的效果。

A temperature sensor in front of the electromagnetic field, the said without interference from the methods include: the temperature sensor is made on the characteristics of semiconductor material pre-selected wavelengths of light transmission function as the temperature sensor, west DingZheng prismatically configuration sensor, in order to provide a direct path through the reflective temperature sensor said, Another kiss for primary sources said wavelength, Choose 12.449 coupled with optical fiber sensor, the radiating waveguide song, Another kiss can detect radiation intensity detector change along, through direct transmission path as temperature sensor reflective function, Optical fiber sensor probe second waveguide coupling, And the radiation temperature sensing along the road, directly from the first glance through optical waveguide fiber-optic sensors represent temperature, pulsing said waveguide detection radiation intensity of optical fiber sensor, forwarding through said waveguide as the second pen function temperature.

一种温度传感当着电磁场无干扰电磁场说，该方法包括：从编造温度传感器具有半导体材料的特点进行预选波长的光传输功能作为温度传感器、西丁正prismatically配置传感器，以提供一个直接透过反光路说温度传感器；亲另方面说预选波长为辐射源；选择 12.449偶合传感器的辐射源，以光纤波导首；亲另方面探测器能够探测辐射强度的变化直接传送沿说，通过传感器作为道路反光函数温度；光学传感器耦合的光纤探测器第二波导；与由导演辐射温度传感沿线道路反光直接从第一说，通过光纤波导表示温度光纤传感器脉动说波导二、检测辐射强度转发的光纤传感器，通过说波导作为第二笔功能温度。

Three types of base asphalt and six SBS were used to produce SBS modified asphalt. The interaction of SBS modified asphalt was discussed in different states between the base asphalt and SBS based on their compositions. Through the traditional tests, such as penetration, soften point and ductility, and US SHRP tests, the results indicated that influences to affect the temperature susceptibility, high and low temperature performance, aging characteristics are base asphalt, SBS types and their dosages. The functions of penetration to viscosity and complex shear modulus G~* to complex dynamic shear viscosity η~* were set up, and then theviscosity-temperature susceptibility of wide temperature span and the calculation method of low temperature viscosity were obtained."Process" evaluation criterions, high grading critical temperature T_ and low grading criticaltemperature T_ , were suggested according to the high and low temperatureperformances of SBS modified asphalt. Using the experience of Repeated Creep and Recovery Test for Binders, a new high-temperature evaluation index,modification rutting factor G~*~(-9) was obtained. The results after RTFO and PAV aging indicated that traditional tests didnt differentiate base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, but dynamic mechanics temperature spectrum and G*-5 black chart clearly reflected the influence of aging to the SBS modified asphalt. With the IR and GPC tests, the reason of aging to the SBS modified asphalt were due to asphalt phase oxygenated and SBS phase depredated.

论文选择3种油源的基质沥青和6种SBS改性剂制备改性沥青，通过分析基质沥青和SBS改性剂的组成结构特点，得出了不同状态下SBS改性沥青的SBS与基质沥青的相互作用机理；通过针入度、软化点、延度等常规试验以及美国SHRP试验，分析了基质沥青、SBS改性剂类型与剂量对SBS改性沥青的温度敏感性、高低温特性及老化特性的影响；建立了针入度-粘度、复数模量G~*-复数粘度η~*的换算关系，得出了宽温度域的粘温指数VTS和较低温度下粘度的计算方法；通过高低温性能分析提出了&过程&评价参数高温等级温度T_和低温等级温度T_；借鉴重复恢复与蠕变试验研究成果，得到了SBS改性沥青高温评价指标改进型抗车辙因子G~*~(-9)；RTFO和PAV老化后的性能试验结果表明，常规试验难以区分SBS改性沥青与基质沥青的差异，而动态力学温度谱、G~*-δ黑斑图可以反映老化作用对SBS改性沥青的影响，且通过IR试验和GPC试验得出SBS改性沥青老化是沥青相的氧化和SBS的降解共同引起的；通过不同温度下SBS改性沥青混合料的旋转压实SGC试验，根据粘度与剪变率的关系，提出用剪变率60(1／s)测试SBS改性沥青的粘温曲线，并按照0.17±0.02Pa.s和0.28±0.03Pa.s确定施工温度。

Using analysis of correlation between meteorological output index of cotton and factor series of 9 types of cumulative temperature formed by continuously temperature limits at the interval of 0.1℃ in Akesu cotton area, several conclusion obtained are as follows:(1)The correlation with temperature sum of daily maximum temperature is the best, cumulative temperature of daily mean temperature is better, and temperature sum of daily minimum temperature is the worst.

通过阿克苏棉区棉花产量指数与以 0 。1℃为间隔的连续变动温度界限值所形成的 9种积温的因子序列的相关性分析，得到以下几点结论：(1 )相关性以日最高温度的温度和为最好，日平均温度积温次之，日最低温度的温度和最差。

Manufactures and markets test equipment products include: Programmable constant temperature and humidity testing machine, constant temperature and humidity box, high and low temperature testing machine, high-temperature box, cold temperature testing machine, hot and cold impact testing machine, the temperature cycling chamber, salt spray test machine, corrosion test chamber, the aging test machine, a large environmental test chamber, high temperature aging rooms, environmental test chamber, UV weathering test chamber, vibration, drop test machine, temperature water tank, clamshell laptop life testing machine, keyslife testing machine, testing machine drop life test simulation environment test equipment.

伟煌试验设备有限公司生产和销售的产品包括：可程式恒温恒湿试验机，恒温恒湿箱，高低温试验机，高低温箱，低温耐寒试验机，冷热冲击试验机，温度循环试验箱，盐水喷雾试验机，耐腐蚀试验箱，老化试验机，大型环境试验室，高温老化房，环境试验室，紫外线耐候试验箱，振动，跌落试验机，恒温水槽，笔记本翻盖寿命测试机，按键寿命测试机，跌落寿命测试试验机等模拟环境试验设备。

The system through the temperature examination electric circuit sensation greenhouse big awning temperature change, gives monolithic integrated circuit processing through a/d conversion, through keyboard hypothesis upper limit temperature and lower limit temperature, when the greenhouse big awning temperature is lower than the hypothesis the temperature lower limiting value, start heater unit to greenhouse warming, when the greenhouse big awning temperature is higher than the hypothesis in the temperature the limiting value, stopped heating up, has realized the greenhouse big awning observation automation.

系统通过温度检测电路感知温室大棚温度变化，通过模数转换送给单片机处理，通过键盘设定上限温度和下限温度，当温室大棚温度低于设定的温度下限值时，启动点暖风机给温室加温，当温室大棚温度高于设定的温度上限值时，停止加热，实现了温室大棚测控的自动化。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

Objective:To compare the response control and attention of Schizophrenic patients with that of the healthy controls by Integrated Visual and Auditorycontinuous performance test. To quantitate the impairment of cognitive function in patients, and to explore the relationship between cognitive function and the severity of the disorder.

目的：探讨精神分裂症病人在IVA持续操作测试中的反应控制能力、注意力等，并与健康人进行比较，从而量化精神分裂症病人的认知功能损害，并进一步探讨其认知功能与疾病严重程度的关系。

Main effective factors including subcooling degree, mechanical vibration, gas hydrate reformation, environment temperature, noncondensing gas and surfactant are analyzed.

指出过冷度、机械振动、重复生成水合物、环境温度、不凝性气体、添加剂是影响气体水合物生成的主要因素，还对R152a水合物的放冷进行了实验研究。