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Notch and groove were produced on fiber's surface by plasma's pHysical bump and corrasion, meanwhile oxygenic or nitrogenic radicals were also grafted on the surface. Through hydrolyzation, acetate fiber's surface will be denuded by cellulase enzyme. Surface of the fiber will be granulated and specific surface area will be enlarged by plasma and enzyme treatment, therefore obviously improve fiber's surface performance.

等离子体对纤维的物理撞击和表面刻蚀使纤维表面产生凹坑和沟槽，同时可在纤维材料表面引入含氧或含氮基团；而纤维素酶对纤维素的水解作用，促使纤维表面被剥蚀；等离子体与生物酶处理都能使纤维表面粗糙化，比表面积增加，使纤维的表面性能得到明显改善。

Remove row and column' and 'put a big number' have been used for the first boundary;a continuous Regional Identification Function is used on the basis of non-variant nodal virtual flux method for the free surface boundary;Gauss formula is used to make the curved surface integral of the free surface boundary transformed as the difference between volumn integral and other curved surface integral to calculate the integral item on boundaries, which avoiding finding the position of free surface, while the continuous Regional Identification Function is applied to calculate volumn integral and surface integral;Crout and PCG method is used for solusion.

对于已知水头边界，采用"去行去列法"和"置大数法"进行处理；对于自由面穿过的单元，在固定网格节点虚流量法的基础上，引入连续的区域识别函数；对于非稳定渗流中自由面边界积分项，采用高斯公式将求自由面的面积分转化为求体积分与其他面积分之差，避免了求自由面的具体位置，同时在计算体积分和面积分时采用连续的区域识别函数；在解法上，采用直接解法和PCG法。

In this paper, an iterative approach to potential field continuation from curved surface to plane is proposed. The continuation of potential field data from a curved surface to a plane can be viewed as an inverse problem of upward continuation of plane potential field data, getting a linear integral equation. Through viewing the potential field data on the curved surface as the data on the average elevation plane of the curved surface, then using the wavenumber domain generalized inverse algorithm to downward continue the data from the average elevation plane to a given plane, and a topography correction based on the change of curved surface relative to its average elevation is implemented to the downward continued data on the given plane, finally the downward continued data plane is upward continued to the curved surface.

本文提出一种位场数据曲化平的迭代方法，即通过把位场数据曲化平视为平面位场数据向上延拓的反问题，得到曲化平的线性积分方程，再把曲面上位场数据视为曲面平均高程面上的位场数据，利用向下延拓的波数域广义逆算法把平均高程面上的位场数据向下延拓到设定平面上，再根据曲面和其平均高程面的相对起伏对设定平面上的向下延拓数据进行起伏校正，最后再把所得平面上的位场数据向上延拓得到曲面上的位场数据，并进行迭代。

As a whole,the notable characteristic of primary productivity in size-fractioned structure was that nanoplankton occupied comparatively significant advantage in Beibu Gulf.Nanoplankton has the largest contribution to gross primary productivity,and picoplankton was the secondary contributor,while microplankton the least.The contribution of microplankton for primary productivity in the north Gulf was more than that in the other waters.Nanoplankton and picoplankton contribute more to the gross primary productivity in offshore deep waters than in inshore shallow waters3.The Beibu Gulf can be divided into three ecoregions:Region-Ⅰis the ecoregion in inshore shallow waters of the north Gulf.In average,the water depth is 18m,DIN is 1.88μmol/L,DIP is 0.20μmol/L,N:P is 9.4:1,dissolved silicate is 5.17μmol/L,the Chl a conentration in surface layer is 2.27mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index in surface layer is 3.80mg/,the primary productivity is 198.78mgC/(m~2·d), and potential fishery production is estimated to be 0.24gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity.The ecoregion is mainly affected by the northern coastal water systems,and may be fit for aquaculture;Region-Ⅱis the ecoregion in offshore deep waters of the north Gulf and the coastal shallow waters to the west Hainan Island.In average,the water depth is 35m,DIN is 2.01μmol/L,DIP is 0.18μmol/L,N:P is 11.2:1,disovled silicate is 4.23μmol/L,the chlorophyll a of surface layer concentration is 1.45mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index of surface layer is 4.12 mg/,the primary productivity is 276.60mgC/(m~2·d),and the estimated potential fishery production is 0.34gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity. The ecoregion was mainly influenced by ocean current from the South China Sea, rivers in the west coast of Hainan Island and the water from Qiongzhou Strait.It may be fit for aquaculture and fishery;Region-Ⅲis the ecoregion in offshore deep waters of the mid and south Gulf.In average,the water depth is 75m,DIN is 0.77μmol/L, DIP is 0.15μmol/L,N:P is 5.1:1,disovled silicate is 3.05μmol/L,the chlorophyll a of surface layer concentration is 0.70mg·m~(-3),the assimilation index of surface layer averaged is 3.69mg/,the primary productivity is 350.89mgC/(m~2·d),and the estimated potential fishery production is 0.43gC/(m~2·a) according to the primary productivity.The ecoregion was mainly affected by the circulation inside Beibu Gulf, and may be fit for fishery.

初级生产力的粒级结构的一个显著特点是总体上微型浮游生物在全调查海区均占较明显优势，对总初级生产力的平均贡献最大；微微型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献次之；小型浮游生物对总初级生产力的平均贡献最小；湾北部小型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献高于湾中部和湾南部，而湾中部和湾南部微型和微微型浮游生物对初级生产力的平均贡献高于湾北部，远岸深水区高于近岸浅水区。3、北部湾可以分为三个生态区：湾北部近岸浅水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深19m，DIN浓度平均值为1.88μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.20μmol/L，N：P为9.4：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为5.17μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值高达2.27 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为3.80 mg/，初级生产力平均值198.78mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.24 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受湾北部沿岸水系影响，适合作为水产养殖区；湾北部深水区和海南岛西部沿岸浅水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深35m，DIN浓度平均值为2.01μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.18μmol/L，N：P为11.2：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为4.23μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值1.45 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为4.12mg/，初级生产力平均值276.60 mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.34 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受南部湾口区海流向湾内延伸，沿岸海南岛河流注入湾内和琼州海峡过道水的影响，适合作为渔业作业区和水产养殖区；湾中部和南部远岸深水区，该区的环境主要特点是平均水深75m，DIN浓度平均值为0.77μmol/L，DIP浓度平均值为0.15μmol/L，N：P为5.1：1，硅酸盐浓度平均值为3.05μmol/L，表层叶绿素a平均值0.70 mg·m~(-3)，表层同化指数平均为3.69 mg/，初级生产力平均值350.89 mgC/(m~2·d)，根据初级生产力计算潜在渔业资源碳生产量平均为0.43 gC/(m~2·a)，该区主要受北部湾环流影响，适合作为渔业作业区。

After 30 days, the cultures were preserved in darkness, and 4 types of resting cysts were found after another 90 days:(1) spherical to ovoid cysts (25-39 μm long) covered by asparse or numerous calcareous attachments (1-4 μm long) and a calcareous surface;(2) spherical cysts (29-35 μm diameter) with a noncalcareous surface attachment, calcareous surface;(3)spherical to ovoid cysts (29-35 μm long) w ithout any surface attachment and a calcareous surface; and (4) spherical c ysts (24- 35 μm diameter) without any surface attachment and an organic surf ace.

培养30天后，培养液中有大量休眠孢囊，将藻液避光保存90天后，观察到培养基中有4种类型的休眠孢囊产生：(1)球形到椭球形(长25-39 μm)，钙质外壁，稀疏或密被钙质附属物(长1-4 μm)；(2)球形(直径为29-35 μm)，钙质外壁，附属物非钙质(长0.5-1.5 μm)；(3)球形到椭球形(长29-35 μm)，钙质，表面光滑，无附属物；(4)球形(直径24-35 μm )，有机外壁，无附属物。

Doping Cr into perfect TiO2 (110) surface can create the new active surface state different from that of oxygen defect surface ,AM and transition metals deposited TiO2 (110) surface. Its active surface state is the Cr 3d occupied state near EF and the value of band-gap drop from 3.13eV to 1.16eV, so photocatalysis reaction can perform in visual light area after doping Cr into perfect TiO2 (110) surface.

TiO_2(110)面掺杂Cr 可以产生不同于氧缺陷、碱金属及过渡金属负载的新表面态，其表面态为靠近E_F 的Cr3d 电子占据能带，带隙由原来的3.13ev 降至1.16eV，因此，掺Cr 后TiO_2 可在可见光区发生光催化作用。

Remove row and column' and 'put a big number' have been used for the first boundary;a continuous Regional Identification Function is used on the basis of non-variant nodal virtual flux method for the free surface boundary;Gauss formula is used to make the curved surface integral of the free surface boundary transformed as the difference between volumn integral and other curved surface integral to calculate the integral item on boundaries, which avoiding finding the position of free surface, while the continuous Regional Identification Function is applied to calculate volumn integral and surface integral;Crout and PCG method is used for solusion.

对于已知水头边界，采用&去行去列法&和&置大数法&进行处理；对于自由面穿过的单元，在固定网格节点虚流量法的基础上，引入连续的区域识别函数；对于非稳定渗流中自由面边界积分项，采用高斯公式将求自由面的面积分转化为求体积分与其他面积分之差，避免了求自由面的具体位置，同时在计算体积分和面积分时采用连续的区域识别函数；在解法上，采用直接解法和PCG法。

The scale-type geometric wear-resistant structure surface is characterized in being made up of a base and the bionic geometric units on the surface. The bionic geometric structure unit is a scale-type structure distributed regularly on the surface of the base, and the distribution density is that: the ratio between the geometric projection area of the scale-type structure on the base surface and the surface area of the base formed by all the edge ends is 50-100%; the scale-type geometric structure unit has a symmetric hexagon shape on the surface; the sides L2/L1=1.0-2.0, L1: 1mm-50mm, and the internal angle Alpha is 120 degree -130 degree, the internal angle Beta is 100 degree -110 degree; the A-A section is subtriangular, and the B-B section is a trapezoid, the height H of the scale-type is 1-5mm.

本发明由基体和其表面上的仿生几何结构单元组成，仿生几何结构单元为在基体表面规律分布的鳞片型结构，鳞片型的分布密度为：其在基体表面上的几何投影面积之和与所有棱端围成的基体表面积之比为50-100％，鳞片型几何结构单元的表面形状为对称六边形结构：边长L2/L1＝1.0-2.0，L1：1mm-50mm，内角α为120°-130°，内角β为100°-110°，鳞片型的A-A截面为近似三角形，B-B截面为梯形，鳞片型的高度H为1-5mm。

Investigate the assisting of the relation and soil and groundwater monitoring data among the surface feature and image established the relation of the spectrum characteristic with surface feature ,using two kinds of classification and improved post-classification, methods lies two respects: 1Salt steep spectrum luminance value curve of ground higher than surface feature average luminance value curve obviously, and other surface feature luminance value lower than or have around average luminance value curve little wave water body mean the land water areas among them obviously, including the river and surface of water , surface of water of the reservoir and hole pool surface of water By view trend of the

从计算结果得出，盐渍地上的NDVI 值分布在一定范围内，这样就可以取一定的阀值，将反射率较低的盐渍地提取出来。根据盐渍地分布与地下水的相互关系，对分类后的图像进行处理，提高了精度。2 充分利用遥感与GIS 技术在地学分析中的优势，计算各类盐渍地面积、荒漠、水体面积变化，分析近三十年来研究区土地盐渍化动态变化的规律，包括面积变化、盐渍化程度的变化，分析大范围时间尺度上土地盐渍化动态发展的整体趋势。

On the geometric modeling, flat surface and curved surface are used to mesh and describe the model;on the electromagnetic modeling. Different basis functions( flat surface roof-top basis function, flat surface RWG basis function, curved surface roof-top basis function, curved surface RWG basis function) and different test functions (line-matching, Galerkin method) are applied to different cells(plat rectangle facet, triangular patch, Bezier patch, parametric surface, curved triangular patch etc.).

在几何建模方面，分别采用平面元和曲面元对模型进行了剖分和拟合；在电磁建模方面，针对不同的单元(平面元、平面三角元，、Bezier元、参数曲面、曲面三角元等)采用不同的基函数(平面roof-top基，平面RWG基，曲面roof-top基，曲面RWG基)和不同的检验函数进行处理。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。