查询词典 substitution cipher

The gene substitution model analysis showed thatsubstitution of B for C allele at αs1-Casein locus had a significant(p＜0.05)effect on305-day milk yield,but not for milk fat percent;substitution of A1at β-Casein locus had ainfluence on 305-day milk yield,fat and protein percent;substitution of A at κ-Casein andβ-Lactoglobulin loci had no significant effect on all production performance.

基因替代模型的分析表明，αs1-CN位点B基因对C的替代显著影响305天产奶量，对乳脂率无显著影响，β-CN A1基因的替代对305天产奶量乳脂率和乳蛋率均有显著影响作用，κ-CN和β-LG位点A基因的替代对生产性能均无显著效应。

Based on analysing the mechanism of substitution and compensation of ICT for labor in service sector, this dissertation constructed the cost function of translog form which was dual with the production function of the service sector, estimated the parameter of the share requirement equation affected by the factors of labor force, ICT and non-ICT, so that to calculate the Allen partial elasticity of substitution and the MES elasticity of substitution.

本文在分析 ICT 对服务业劳动的替代和补偿机制的基础上，建立与服务业生产函数对偶的超越对数形式的成本函数，估计出劳动力、 ICT 和非 ICT 等要素的需求份额方程的参数，以此计算 Allen 偏替代弹性和 MES 替代弹性。

The results showed that the degree of butyryl substitution of CAB increased and the degree of acetyl substitution of CAB decreased as the activation time increased. The degree of substitution of CAB changed slightly after the esterification went along about 2h.

随着活化时间的增加，CAB的丁酯取代度会逐渐增大，乙酯取代度会逐渐减小；酯化反应2h后，CAB取代度变化不大；CAB的丁酯取代度随着反应体系中丁酰基摩尔分数的增加而增大，而乙酯取代度则随着丁酰基摩尔分数的增加而减小。

The factors affect on the degree of substitution of product, yield and apparent viscosity, such as the mol rates of EPTAC with -NH2, reaction temperature, reaction time and the content of water in system have been discussed in detail. FTIR spectrometer and UV spectrometer are used to characterize the structure of the derivative and it is proved that substitution reaction mainly occurs on the -N element .The particle size and morphology of chitosan and quantemary ammonium salt of chitosan are analysised by comparing photos of their scanning electron microscope. The degree of substitution of HACC is determined by acid -base conductometric titration. An error in current formula of DS has pointed out and a correct formula has presented.On the base of experience of above experiment, the reaction conditions of HACC were systematically investigated through orthogonal design, and then the best conditions are found. Water-solubility and dependence of pH are studied.

壳聚糖和环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵在异相条件下发生反应，通过单因素实验，制备了一系列不同性能的壳聚糖季铵盐，本文首次详细讨论了反应条件(反应摩尔比、反应时间、反应温度、水含量)对产率及产物性能的影响；用红外光谱和核磁共振对结构进行表征分析时，发现季铵盐阳离子基以N位上取代为主；通过电镜图片对壳聚糖和季铵盐衍生物外观形貌进行对比，采用酸碱电导滴定法测定产物的取代度，并对常用取代度公式做了修正。

The average percent value of G C (49.3%) was less than that of A T (50.7%), there was a bias of the content of G, T in the third codon; The number of transition G-A and T-C were 22, 15 respectively, which were higher than that of transition A-G and C-T, the number of tranversion C-A, T-G is 2 respectively, and other tranversion patterns didnt occur; the probability of transition was higher than that of tranversion , Ts/Tv = 9.5-19, there was the highest number of transition in the third codon. The gamma parameter a of the lst,nd and 3rd codon positions were 0.00572,0.01237 and 1.05239 respectively, they showed that there was adifferent substitution rate at different codon position. Frequences of synonymous codon usage were relatively biased. The average rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution were 0.0787, 0.0011 respectively, there was a significant difference between dS and dN (Z = 4.713, p.01), and the low ratio( CD = 0.0284 .3) of dN/dS ratio impled that there were selective constraints against the nonsynonymous sites in cyt-b gene, The distribution of nonsynonymous codon substitution pattern related to Grantharm distance indicated that the purified selection at 2nd codon positions was more intensive than that at 1st codon positions. The phylogenetic trees supported the view of the double origin of Chinese goose, which means that domestic Chinese goose was derived from Anser cygnoides and domestic European goose, and Yili was derived from Anser anser.

碱基含量分析可知，序列的G C含量(49.3％)＜A T含量(50.7％)，密码子第三位点的G、T含量都有较强的偏倚性；序列间G→A和T→C的转换数(22次和15次)高于A→G和C→T的转换数(10次和9次)，C→A、T→G颠换数均为2次，其余颠换模式均未发生；转换数明显高于颠换数，Ts／Tv=9.5～19，密码子第三位点的转换数最高，呈现了相当强烈的转换偏倚性；密码子第一、二和三位点的gamma分布参数α值分别为0.00572、0.01237和1.05239，表明密码子第一位点的替换速率变异最大，第二位点次之，第三位点的替换速率变异相对较小；编码同一氨基酸的同义密码子并非随机使用，表现出一定程度的使用偏倚性；同义替换速率和非同义替换速率分别为0.0787和0.0011，dS与dN值间的差异极显著(Z=4.713，p＜0.01)，而ω=0.0284，明显小于0.3，表明雁属鹅细胞色素b基因序列经历了中度净化选择作用；单步非同义替换(Sing-step nonsymonymous codon substitution，SSNCS)分布模式与Grantharm距离之间的关系说明密码子的三个位点所受的净化选择强度不同；构建的最大简约树与邻接树拓扑结构一致，支持中国家鹅的双起源学说，即除伊犁鹅外的其它中国鹅品种起源于鸿雁，伊犁鹅和欧洲的郎德鹅、莱茵鹅起源于灰雁。

The results show that the torsion energy and van der Waals interaction energy are the main types of energy and the substitution group has a great effect on the total energy of molecular. The aliphatic substitution would lead to the increase of total energy, while the aromatic substitution would lead to the decrease of total energy. The calculated results of bond length show that the bond length of aliphatic C—C is longer than that of aromatic C—C, which indicates that the rupture of aliphatic C—C is easier than that of aromatic C—C on heating.

研究结果表明，扭转能和范德华能是分子中的主要作用力，取代基对体系能量有明显影响，烷基取代基使体系能量增加，而苯基取代基使体系能量降低；脂肪C—C键长比芳香C—C键长长，说明脂肪C—C在受热过程中比芳香C—C更容易断裂分解。

Chapter 4 presents five design criteria of S-boxes of block ciphers, develops a method of constructing large S-box by use of algebraic group operation, proves the balance property of these large S-box, tests the strict avalanche and independence of avalanche variables properties of S-boxes in NEA cipher, analyses the nonlinearity and best linear approximation of the S-box, and finally defines the differential of input/output of S-boxes of this cipher and analyses the distribution of them.

第二部分即第三章，提出了一种新的分组密码类NEA(NEA-4A，NEA-8A，NEA-4B，NEA-8B)，完整地描述了该密码类的加解密过程和密钥协议；证明了NEA-4B和NEA-8B的完全对合性和没有不动点的性质；分析了该密码类的安全特征；具体地介绍了实现该类密码的途径；给出了NEA-4A的计算机C语言程序和样本数据。

Using the cipher-byte produces a better dispersion of keys than just using the plain byte, but the plain byte must be included for this multiplication to have any security value as the cipher byte is available to a cracker.

使用加密字节的产生不仅仅是使用纯字节的密钥分散较好，但平原字节必须包含这个乘法有任何的加密字节的安全值，提供给饼干。

The validity of the provable security of counter with cipher block chaining message authentication code mode and cipher-based message authentication code mode was studied and proved. The illustrations of different communications' encryption have been developed.

对分组密码算法CCM、CMAC加密模式进行描述，用可证安全性理论对它们进行相关研究和证明，并对各种证明情况在不同通信环境下的使用作出说明。

In addition, algorithms used in PBE were discussed in details, including International Data Encryption Algorithm, Advanced Encryption Standard of U.S., safe Hash function named SHA-1, Pseudo Random Number Generator.The modes of operation in blok cipher,such as Electronic Code Book, Cipher Block Chaining, Cipfertext Feedback and Output Feedback,are described in the thesis.

采用DSP TMS320C5409汇编语言编制了以上各种算法，在DSP上实现了一个口令加密系统，数据加密速度达到3Mb/s以上，并实现密钥的安全管理，能满足个人PC机脱离主CPU加密大量数据的需要。

It's not quite as simple as that.

并没有那么容易。

It debuted in 1992 in Japan and the United Kingdom, and 1993 in the United States.

它首次亮相于1992年在日本和英国，在美国1993年。