查询词典 selection

A method to estimate the minimal sample size required for marker-assisted backcross breeding when both forground selection and background selection and background selection are conducted is proposed.

该文提出了一种估算在标记辅助回交育种中同时进行前景选择和背景选择所需群体大小的方法。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

CBFEC emphasizes direct correspondence of concepts in EC with its software architecture for ease of understanding and using; minimal coupling with specific problem structure for easy adaptation it to solve a large number of wholly different problems; interface-centered design for extendibility. To achieve those objects, the problem-solving method of EC is analyzed and the problem-solving procedure of EC is divided into three interactive aspects: population-based stochastic searching mechanism, problem specific information to implicitly guide the stochastic searching, and the observation and control of the computation procedure of EC. Then the key concepts of EC are identified in those three aspects; the normal implementations of those concepts are summarized; the interfaces represents those concepts in software are abstracted; the collaborations of components through those interfaces are designed. CBFEC is implemented on mainstream component software platform COM/DCOM (Component Object Model/Distributed COM from Microsoft), which includes interfaces definitions, commonly using EC components implemented those interfaces, such as Simply EA component, Steady State EA component, EA component, EA component, Population component, Tournament Selection component, Linear Ranking Selection component, Nonlinear Ranking Selection component, Random Number Generator component, etc, and the collaborations of those components through those interfaces.

具体的做法是把演化计算看作是基于组件的软件工程的一个应用领域：首先分析了演化计算求解问题的一般思路和方法，把演化计算问题求解过程分为："设计基于群体的随机搜索机制"、"研究问题的性质并以此隐含地定义算法的搜索方向"和"求解过程的观察与控制"三个部分；然后分别找出各个部分中的关键概念，总结这些概念现有的一般实现方法，抽取其本质，以此结合设计模式来定义组件软件的接口；通过分析演化计算各个概念之间的相互联系来设计组件软件间通过接口的进行交互的方式；最后还在目前一种主流组件软件开发平台COM／DCOM（微软提出的组件对象模型）的基础上实现了常用的演化计算组件，如简单演化算法组件、稳态演化算法组件、演化算法组件、演化算法组件、种群组件、锦标赛选择策略组件、线性排名选择策略组件、非线性排名选择策略组件、随机数发生器组件等等。

The dissertation in depth analyzes the inner relationship between hedging and risk diversification, finds out that the relevance among prices or returns of different assets is the common basis for hedging and portfolio selection,and presents the notion of hedging portfolio selection referring to portfolio selection theory,which means that hedgers choose optimal hedging portfolio from a set of feasible hedging tools considering risky elements and hedger\'s real requirements during the course of hedging.

本文深入分析了套期保值与风险分散化思想的内在联系，指出资产之间价格的相关性是套期保值问题和资产组合选择问题的共同基础，提出应该在真正的资产组合选择理论意义上研究套期保值问题的研究思路，即在充分考虑套期保值过程中各种风险因素和套期保值者实际要求的基础上从可供选择的套期保值工具集合中选择最优套期保值组合，并称这种研究套期保值的方法为套期保值组合选择。

Natural selection was expected to work very slowly in forming new species, but given the effectiveness of artificial selection, he could "see no limit to the amount of change, to the beauty and infinite complexity of the coadaptations between all organic beings, one with another and with their physical conditions of life, which may be effected in the long course of time by nature's power of selection".

预计在形成新物种上，自然选择起效非常缓慢；但考虑到人工选择的有效性，他可以"设想到变化的数量是无限的，美丽是没有限度的；所有有机生命之间的互相适应的复杂性是无限的，彼此之间的相互适应以及它们生活状况之间的相互适应是无限复杂的，这些都可能在很长的时间里受到自然力量选择的影响"。

At first, in this paper the national and international literature of team and team motivation is summarized. Secondly, based on the analysis of theoretical scientific research personnel and team, the teamwork motivation model is built, and it is achieved that teamwork improves the team output. Later,we lead the reputation that is regarded inexplicit incentive into the scientific research personnel"s utility function, establish a model of their reward, analyze the parameter of reputation"s effect to factor in the contract. After that, it analyses traditional training object selection and whole training object selection among the scientific research team to draw the conclusion that the traditional training object selection has obvious limitations and the whole training has evident advantages. In the end, based on the theoretical study of the psychological contract, we can obtain the effective paths of forming psychological contract among the scientific research team.

本文首先对团队和团队激励方面国内外的文献进行了详尽的综述；其次，在对科研人员及科研团队理论分析的基础上，建立了适合科研团队激励机制的基于团队合作的激励模型，得出成员间互相合作将提高科研团队的产出；然后，将声誉效应和职业生涯时间引入科研团队成员报酬契约，建立了科研团队成员的报酬激励模型，分析声誉系数和职业生涯时间对契约中各要素的影响；接着，通过博弈论知识分析了科研团队培训对象选拔制度，得出以下结论：传统培训对象选拔制度在以团队为主的组织中存在着明显的局限性，全员培训制度具有明显的优势；最后，在对心理契约理论研究的基础上，得出了缔结科研团队心理契约的途径。

And then studies on the relevant theories of distribution centers to let everyone know comprehensively, including the concept of logistics and distribution, the concept and development process of distribution center, the classification and function of distribution center, as well as its role. Lately it gives detailed description on the relevant theories of location selection, including the principle and influencing factors of location selection, as well as the steps and general methods of location selection. Finally the paper sums up several methods commonly used at present.

更多配送的概念、配送中心的概念及发展过程、配送中心的分类、功能及其作用；然后研究了配送中心选址的相关理论，包括配送中心的选址原则、影响因素、选址步骤以及配送中心选址的一般方法等部分；最后总结了目前几种常用的选址方法，并在这些理论的基础上，建立了非线性混合0-1规划类型的多配送中心选址模型。

Chapter two gives a deep analysis on sex selection and attributes its root to the influence of the Confucian culture. Sex discrimination is the social origin of sex selection, and its economic reason is due to the backward of agriculture economy and the unsounded social security system. The conflict between the "birth control" policy and people's partiality of boys is the direct cause of sex selection. And the current science development provides the possibility of technology for sex selection.

第二章主要对生育性别选择的深层次原因作了进一步讨论，提出传统儒家文化的影响是性别选择的文化根源，性别歧视是性别选择的社会根源，农业经济的落后和社会保障体系的不健全是其经济根源，计划生育基本国策和强烈的男孩偏好之间的矛盾是性别选择的直接原因，而当代科学技术的发展为实现生育性别选择提供了技术可能。

It brings forward the problems need attention in the asphalt gum mastic macadam pavement construction from the aspects of the mix ground selection,mix equipment selection,spreading equipment selection,primary material selection,and the mix,carriage,spreading and rolling confectioning etc of asphalt mixture,which will make the pavement have good anti-rut effect and sliding performance.

SMA是沥青玛脂碎石混合料的英文缩写，是由断级配粗集料、细集料、填料、纤维素和沥青结合料组成，通过严格施工形成一个紧密嵌锁的骨架结构，具有优良的抗车辙效果和抗滑性能。1拌合场地的选择沥青混合料拌合场地一般包括原材料存放的场地，沥青储存、熔化及加热设备、试验室及办

Through systematic conclusions of site selection methods and complicated analysis of site selection influence factors and index, based on the newest research results of sanitary landfill site selection both at home and abroad, this thesis discusses the elementary principles of multi-objectives decision osculating value method, matter element analysis method and multi-objectives decision fuzzy optimization method, builds an open site selection index system.

本论文通过对已有选址方法的系统总结，基于对卫生填埋场选址影响因素和指标的综合分析，在借鉴国内外有关卫生填埋场选址的最新研究成果的基础上，从理论上阐述了适用于铁路垃圾卫生填埋场选址的多目标决策密切值法、物元决策分析法以及多目标决策模糊优选法的基本原理，建立了一个开放性的选址指标体系。

The most precious possession that ever comes to a man in this world is a womans heart.

在这个世界上，男人最可贵的财产就是一个女人的心。

Some 4 years above company and divisional management experience, 6 year foreign enterprises work experience.

有4年以上的公司及部门管理经验，6年外企工作经验。