查询词典 pumping

The company specializes in products four series of 30 species, including : a new generation of products mainly polycarboxylic acid salt water reducer, Sulphamate superplasticizer, aliphatic sulfonates superplasticizer, composite efficient, retarding and bleed air, Gao Qiang superplasticizers and pumping agent series of concrete products superplasticizer series.

公司主要产品有四大系列三┼余种，其中：产品主要有新─代聚羧酸盐减水剂、氨基磺酸盐减水剂、脂肪族磺酸盐减水剂、复合高效、缓凝、引气、高强减水剂和泵送剂系列产品为主的混凝土减水剂系列。

Production and sales companies are the main FDN series naphthalene superplasticizer, water reducer Sulphamate series, aliphatic superplasticizer, various models of efficient retarding superplasticizer, pumping agent, selling all types of expansion agent, retarder, calcium lignosulfonate, wood sodium, sodium, such as glucose.

公司现主要生产销售FDN系列萘系高效减水剂、氨基磺酸盐系列减水剂、脂肪族系高效减水剂、各种型号的高效缓凝减水剂、泵送剂、销售各类膨胀剂、缓凝剂、木钙、木钠、葡萄糖酸钠等。

Paco Underhill, a pioneer in the field of observational customer research pointed out that people are taped dozens of times each day doing routine chores like pumping gas.

顾客观察研究领域的先驱安德希尔表示，人们每天执行例行杂务，例如为爱车车胎打气的过程中，都会被录下数十次。

In Animals in Translation, Temple Grandin writes of driving two indoor cats crazy by flicking a laser pointer around the room. They wouldn't stop stalking and pouncing on this ungraspable dot of light—their dopamine system pumping.

在《动物心语》一书里，Temple Grandin写过两只在屋中疯狂追逐激光棒投影的家猫；追逐，搜捕，不停的追逐搜捕，目的不过是那虚幻的光点。

For 0.5 MeV electron, the energy deposition distributions of pumping direction are almost uniform. In the lasing direction, because of a 14 cm unpumped area between two e beam windows the spatial profile of energy deposition takes the shape of a saddle.

对0.5 MeV的电子，泵浦方向能量沉积基本均匀，而在轴向，因为两窗口间的14 cm&死区&使得能量沉积呈&马鞍形&，峰谷比为2～3。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

Spatial holeburning caused by ununiform widening of erbiumdoped fiber barricades the fully gaincontrolled amplification of laser with single wavelength. A novel configuration of automatic gainclamped optical erbiumdoped fiber amplifier is presented, and a high-birefringence fiber Bragg grating is used to generate pumping lasers, peaks of which are written at 1549.3 nm and 1549.83 nm with a wavelength spacing of 0.53 nm.

掺铒光纤非均匀展宽引起的空间烧孔现象导致单波长激光并不能完全控制放大器增益，提出了一种新颖的自动增益控制掺铒光纤放大器的结构：即采用高双折射光纤布拉格光栅产生抽运光，其写制光栅的波峰对应的波长分别为1549.3 nm和1549.83 nm，波长间隔为0.53 nm。

Clear cells express very high levels of the vacuolar proton pumping ATPase in their apical membrane and are responsible for the bulk of proton secretion.

亮细胞在细胞膜顶端区域高水平的表达液泡质子泵ATPase来负责质子分泌。

Depending on intersecting channels and electro osmotic pumping, valveless switching of solvent flow is realized and the injection volume is 30 pL.

还描述了交叉点进样的方法，利用交叉形状的沟道和电场作用下的电渗流实现了溶液的无阀转换，进样体积为30pL

The test showed that in the region disturbed by typhoon, cool water pumping was the main cause of SST's great decrease, wind entrainment played a second role; the effect of vaporing latent heat could not be ignored.

试验表明，在台风作用下，冷水抽吸是引起异常低温的主要原因，大风夹卷的贡献占第二位，蒸发潜热的作用也不容忽视。

In the chapter 2, the theoretic knowledge about the photosensitive resin and the grinding tools was firstly introduced.

第二章阐述了光固化树脂结合剂磨具的相关理论研究。

Do not use the program's indenting or margin-setting features; these will be added during typesetting.

不要使用缩排，页面边缘设置之类的选项，偶看不大懂。