查询词典 probability element

By means of proposing a priori Markovian transition probability used in the model predictive probability in input synthesize, the IMM estimation algorithm not only utilizes the sufficiency system's posteriori information, but also utilizes rationally the system's priori information, which enhances estimation performance highly Theoretical analysis and simulation show the IMM algorithm is one of the most cost-effective schemes in all generalized pseudo Bayesian algorithms.

IMM估计方法通过在用于输入综合的模型预测概率中引入一个马尔可夫先验转移概率，使得IMM估计不但充分地利用了系统的后验信息，而且合理地利用了系统的先验信息，从而大大地提高了估计的精度和性能。理论分析和仿真结果表明：IMM估计方法是各种广义伪贝叶斯算法中性能最优的一种自适应估计算法。

Firstly, after the analysis on probability distribution of GenCos' bidding results, a concept of bid acceptance probability distribution function of GenCos is proposed; then based on the features of bidding structure in day-ahead and real-time markets, a multi-objective bi-level programming bidding strategy model in day-ahead and real-time markets for GenCos is built for electricity markets in which the step-wise bidding function and pay-as-bid settlement protocols are utilized; and then in order to solve the proposed model an algorithm based on Monte Carlo method and genetic algorithm is designed; finally, the simulation of numerical examples are performed to verify the correctness of the proposed model and algorithm.

首先在分析了发电商竞价结果的概率分布之后，提出了发电商竞价成功概率分布函数的概念。然后基于日前和实时市场中投标结构的特点，针对采用分段报价和按报价结算(pay as bid price，PAB)方式的电力市场，建立了日前和实时市场中发电商的多目标二层规划竞价策略模型，并设计了以蒙特卡罗方法和遗传算法为基础的求解算法。最后采用算例对所提出的模型和算法进行了仿真验证。

Multiple trials is the basic concept of many parallel simulated annealing. It is to perform multiple trials at the same time to search acceptable solutions. The division simulated annealing with no communication and The clustering simulated annealing are two common types of parallel simulated annealing methods. The division simulated annealing with no communication makes each processor generate its own adjacent solution from its own current solution and compute the acceptance probability for a adjacent solution. Each of the processors searches solutions without communicating each other. Clustering simulated annealing makes each processor generate its own adjacent solution from a common current solution and compute the acceptance probability for each adjacent solution. Then, it decides which adjacent solution should be used to replace current solution according to a pre-specified rule.

许多平行模拟退火法之理论依据为多向试验，利用同一时间探索更多方向的试验来拓展搜寻的广度或深度，不进行沟通的分工模拟退火法(the division simulated annealing with no communication)以及丛集模拟退火法(the clustering simulated annealing)皆为平行化的模拟退火法，前者定义为各个处理器针对各自的起始解进行搜寻，产生各自的搜寻序列，在搜寻过程中处理器不进行任何沟通，各处理器仅针对自身之目前解进行搜寻；而后者定义为让所有处理器针对同一目前解进行运算搜寻各自的可能解，并各自决定其产出解之接受机率，最后根据事先决定之规则进行沟通比较，挑选其中一个可接受解取代目前解。

Probability: Studies on the emerged accident probability of major hazard carrying the Markow process; Severity: By applying the grey system theory , on the base of the same kinds of accident-economy cost, establishes self-adapting GM (1,1) forecasting model and the model with the residual error being amended in a bid to calculate accident-economy cost; Safety management: Establishes the dynamic comprehensive analytical method on major hazard and safety management of the major hazard by applying the grey system theory and fuzzy math theory.

其次，针对重大危险源原有的二维评价方法所存在的局限性，建立了以可能性、严重性、安全管理水平为三维矢量的评价方法，并对这三个矢量进行了定量计算：可能性：运用马尔可夫过程计算了重大危险源发生事故的概率；严重性：运用灰色系统理论，根据已有的同类事故经济损失的统计资料，建立自适应性GM(1，1)模型及残差修正的模型，预测重大危险源发生事故的经济损失；安全管理水平：运用模糊数学理论和灰色系统理论，建立了重大危险源安全管理水平动态综合分析法。

Bayesian network is composed of directed acyclic graph and probability chart; it can modify the prior probability density dynamically and improve the accuracy of classification.

该文介绍了利用贝叶斯网络对遥感数据进行分类处理的算法和技术过程。

Bayesian network is composed of directed acyclic graph and probability chart;it can modify the prior probability density dynamically ...

分类结果表明：贝叶斯网络具有稳定的数学基础，是一种可供遥感信息处理领域利用的有效新方法。

To study a new theory of complete probability method of antiresonance vibration reliability design, based on the conventional vibration design theory and interference theory of reliability, complete probability method models were made, and solutions were given by numerical integral.

运用常规振动设计理论和可靠性相干理论为基础的全概率法建模，并用数值积分法求解。

First, the S-CDMA-HFC system with integrated traffic is introduced and the method of traffic integration is given. Second, the upstream channel capacity of the S-CDMA-HFC system with integrated traffic that has the same rate is analyzed. The chronoff limit and Gaussian approximate equation of the upstream channel cutoff probability are derived. Third, the impact of the selection of the line transmission rate on the upstream channel capacity of the S-CDMA-HFC system with integrated traffic is discussed in detail. The cutoff probability and throughout equations of the upstream channel with different integrated traffic are derived. Fourth, the impact of the power control error on the capacity is discussed. Results show that the power control error will degrade the upstream channel capacity and have different influence on the different traffic. Finally, the capacity requirement of the initialization process is raised. Analytical results show that the initialization process will impact on the capacity slightly.

首先，简单介绍了综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统，给出了业务综合的方法；然后，分析了具有相同码率的综合业务条件下的S-CDMA-HFC系统上行信道容量，导出上行信道中断概率的切尔诺夫上限和高斯近似公式；然后，详细讨论了基本传输速率的选择对综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统上行信道容量的影响，导出了不同业务综合条件下上行信道的中断概率和吞吐量公式；然后，讨论了功率控制误差对综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统上行信道容量的影响，结果表明功率控制误差会使上行信道容量下降，且对不同业务的影响程度是不同的；最后给出了初始接入的容量要求，分析结果表明初始接入将对综合业务S-CDMA-HFC系统上行容量带来影响，但不明显。

The approximation calculus formula of reliable on FCT was calculated by using abate probability being q Bernoulli test sequence, probability formula and property of increasing convex function.

应用概率理论推导出钻井油气层测试器系统的可靠度精确计算公式。

The closed-form formula and its asymptotic form of system outage probability are derived, through which it is shown that the outage probability decreased by a factor of γ-KNtNr here γ denotes the average SNR

理论推导出中断概率的闭式解及其近似解，通过该近似解，可以得到中断概率以γ-KNtNr 的形式减少这里γ是平均信噪比SNR

The statistical analysis of this large set of mutations has led us to propose a diagnostic strategy that should help with the molecular work-up of optic neuropathies.

这一大系列基因突变的统计学分析引导我们提出一个诊断策略，可以帮助我们对视神经病变进行分子学的诊断检查。

The results show that the pipe grouting changes the mechanical parameters of surrounding rocks to achieve the security of engineering objectives by reinforcing surrounding rocks and bolcking the water.

研究表明：小导管注浆一方面改变了围岩的力学参数，另一方面利用浆液的固结特性可以实现堵水和加固围岩的工程目标，使隧道在开挖过程中的安全得到保障。