查询词典 probability distribution function

To the question of non-Nash equilibrium in prisoners' dilemma, this paper makes an analysis to Game Theory's hypothesis: complete rationality, complete information and probability, and gets a result: systems thinking style in complete rationality, the happen of the event of zero probability, and the uncertainty that is brought out complete information is concordant beliefs, all can bring the appearance of non-Nash equilibrium, and the probability of appearance is decided by the proportion of men who think in systems thinking style.

本文就"囚徒困境"中非纳什均衡出现的，对博弈的前提假设完全理性、完全信息以及概率进行了，得出的结论是：完全理性中的整体思维方式和概率为零的事件的发生以及完全信息等于一致信念时引起的不确定性，都可能导致非纳什均衡出现，而其出现的可能性则取决于采取整体思维方式的人的比例。

Lastly, the paper also studies on a generalized discrete insurance risk model of two-type claims, the problems are resolved, such as the survival probability、ruin probability when the initial capital is zero and the ultimate ruin probability.

最后，对广义复合双险种负二项风险模型进行研究，得到了盈余过程的性质、初始准备金为零时的生存概率及破产概率的表达式。

This paper studys the terrain following for low penetration aircraft ,and establishes the model of ALCM's clobber probability based on the Butterworth terrain model . It simulates much of the computation of its clobber probability under typical cruise conditions and analyzes those simulation results deeply. The control system is designed based on the lobber probability simulation result,and the reasonable control data are given.According to those research,the digital terrain following simulations are given .

文中研究飞行器低空突防的地形跟随问题，基于布特沃斯地形模型，建立了飞行器撞地概率仿真模型，在各典型巡航条件下进行了大量的撞地概率仿真计算，并对仿真结果进行了深入地统计分析和研究，在此基础上，设计了相应的控制系统并确定了合理的控制参数，对飞行器地形跟随进行了飞行仿真。

The computation of posterior probability considers the evidence E certain without dealing with uncertain evidence,in terms of this,the posterior probability is split the difference according to the probability of evidence appearing in Bayesian network and its extension network of Credal network,and is expressed by Credal set so as to provide the base of decision-making for decision-maker.

任何变量的后验概率计算都假定证据变量E是确定的，无法处理不确定证据下的后验概率。针对这个问题，提出在贝叶斯网络及其扩展的Credal网络中应用证据出现的概率对后验概率进行折中处理，并用不确定的Credal集表达其结果，从一定程度上为决策人员提供有意义的决策依据。

The computation of posterior probability considers the evidence E certain without dealing with uncertain evidence,in terms of this,the posterior probability is split the difference according to the probability of evidence appearing in Bayesian network and its extension network of Credal network,and is expressed by Credal set so as to provide the base of decision-making for decision-maker.

中文摘要：任何变量的后验概率计算都假定证据变量E是确定的，无法处理不确定证据下的后验概率。针对这个问题，提出在贝叶斯网络及其扩展的Credal网络中应用证据出现的概率对后验概率进行折中处理，并用不确定的Credal集表达其结果，从一定程度上为决策人员提供有意义的决策依据。

From the probabilistic equation of debris-flow occurrence, the curves of probability-slope-water level were obtained. One can see the influences of water level and sediment-layer slope on the probability of occurrence from the curves. The influence of coefficients of variation on occurrence probability are also shown in this paper.

由土石流发生机率方程式，推求土石流发生机率－坡度－水位曲线，并藉以探讨参数之变异系数对土石流发生机率之影响，及评估土层在水位、坡度的变化下，土石流之发生机率。

Then we systematically study state transition probability of two-unit series system and paralleled system and stable availability of system, and drew the following conclusions:Firstly, we present the partial differential equation which satisfies state transition probability of the two-unit series system, and proves that state transition probability satisfy the equation, and are their minimal nonnegative solutions.

第一，对两个不同型部件、一个修理设备组成的串联系统，其寿命和修理时间的分布函数的各种情况，给出了状态转移概率所满足的偏微分方程组，证明了状态转移概率满足的方程，并且是这些方程的最小非负解。

Then we systematically study state transition probability of two-unit series system and paralleled system and stable availability of system, and drew the following conclusions:Firstly, we present the partial differential equation which satisfies state transition probability of the two-unit series system, and proves that state transition probability satisfy the equation, and are their minimal nonnegative solutions.

然后对两个不同型部件、一个修理设备组成的串联系统和并联系统的状态转移概率，以及系统的稳态可用度进行系统研究，得到了如下一些结果。第一，对两个不同型部件、一个修理设备组成的串联系统，其寿命和修理时间的分布函数的各种情况，给出了状态转移概率所满足的偏微分方程组，证明了状态转移概率满足的方程，并且是这些方程的最小非负解。

In order to solve dynamic, complicated and uncertain problems, multi-agents based distributed intelligence decision support systems, description and decomposition of complicated decision tasks, and cooperation and reasoning among multi-agents are elaborated in this paper. The details are given as follows. 1. Agent and ABDIDSS modelsIn allusion to the current problems of research on agents theory models, payoff and probability factors are introduced on the basis of mental state models of classical BDI of agent and joint BDI of multi-agents in this paper, mental state models of individual agents and joint metal state models of group agents based on payoff and probability factors are built up. Introducing payoff and probability factors satisfies requirements of uncertainty and self-benefit of agents to the environments.

本文针对动态的、复杂的以及不确定问题，以基于多Agents的分布式智能决策支持系统及复杂决策任务的描述与分解、多Agents之间的协作与推理机制为研究内容，具体的研究内容如下： 1、Agent和ASDIDSS模型针对当前多Agents理论模型研究存在的问题，文章在经典Agent的BDI以及联合BDI等心智状态模型基础上引入效用与概率因子，建立基于效用与概率因子的个体Agent的心智状态模型以及群组Agent联合心智状态模型，引入效用与概率因子满足Agent对环境的不确定性以及自利性的要求。

Topics include: sample spaces, axioms of probability, conditional probability and independence, discrete and continuous random variables, jointly distributed random variables, characteristics of random variables, law of large numbers and central limit theorem, basic experimental design, elementary probability, binomial and normal distributions, estimation and test of hypotheses, and analysis of variance.

概率论部分作为基础知识，是全部内容的重点之一，为读者提供必要的理论基础；数理统计部分，主要介绍常用的统计推断方法：参数估计、假设检验、方差分析、回归和相关分析等内容。

Many will continue to choose to live in duality and in conflict.

许多人将继续选择活在二元对立性和冲突中。

I find that students of the University of Physical Education all wear sportswear at first sight.

我发现：体育大学的学生乍一看，都是穿运动衣，大家都一样