查询词典 polymerization

The base-catalyzed rapid polymerization of caprolactam applied to the spinning of synthetic fiber was investigated. Acetanilide was used as molecular weight stabilizer, which could efficiently control the course of polymerization and to obtain the polymer with stable viscosity. The scale-up experiments on continuous polymerization and direct spinning were run smoothly.

对碱性催化的己内酰胺快速聚合应用于纺丝进行了研究，采用了合适的分子量稳定剂，控制了聚合进程，得到粘度稳定的聚合体，并且进行了连续聚合直接纺丝的扩大试验，取得了持续稳定运转的结果，纺出产品复丝，其抗张强度为5—6克/，延伸为19—25％，与水解聚合方法同类产品丝相仿。

Transmission Electron Microscope and other properties testing results show that the complex emulsifier system is the crucial influence factor of the polymerization process and the properties of products. It may influence the coagulum content and reaction rate of the polymerization process, the performance, particle diameter,viscosity, electrolyte stability and storage stability of the emulsion products and the contact angle of the film.The initiator mainly influences the coagulum content and reaction rate.The acrylic monomers mainly influence the solid content, Minimum Film Formation Temperature of the emulsion and the Glass Transition Temperature of the film.The organic silicone monomer mainly influences the water absorption of the film.The reaction temperature mainly influences the reaction rate and conversion.The stirring intensity mainly influences the coagulum content of the polymerization process.

透射电镜等性能测试结果显示：复合乳化剂体系是硅丙共聚乳液的聚合过程及产品性能的主要影响因素，它可以对聚合过程的凝胶率、反应速率以及乳液的外观、粒径、粘度、耐电解质稳定性及贮存稳定性，还有乳液涂膜的接触角等造成不同程度的影响；引发剂主要影响反应速率和凝胶率；丙烯酸酯单体主要影响到乳液的固含量、最低成膜温度以及涂膜的玻璃化转变温度，有机硅单体主要影响涂膜的吸水率等；聚合反应温度主要影响乳液的反应速率和转化率等；搅拌强度主要是影响到聚合过程的凝胶率。

The technical problems, about shortage of separation distance, the feasibility of high-rise polymerization factory building, the fire separation and explosion-proof design of polymerization factory building, the selecting and arrangement of water spraying extinguishing system nozzle, the establishment of deluge system valve, and the essentiality of water spraying extinguishing system which is to be established to protect the VCM gasholder, the positioning of water curtain settled under the space which connect the PVC pack house and pack department and how long the system continue operate? The selecting and the quantity of fire extinguishing agent about gas extinguishing system, which will be used in the new 35KV switch station and some rooms including cabinet room, primary control room, UPS room, voltage changer room, belong to new polymerization power panel and UPS station. Designing the model of power supply and distribution for fire-fighting and designing the hardware organization, software, model of data transmission and fire gang control logic programmer about automatic fire alarm system. Making certain the grade of release source point in the fire or explosive atmosphere and delimiting different grade explosion-proof space. Selecting correct explosion-proof construction of electrical apparatus and delimiting the class of building lightning protection, putting forth the concert steps to deal with thunder stroke and electrostatic discharge and so on, have been deeply researched in the process of designing and then the concert steps to deal with them have been putted forth.

针对设计中遇到的防火间距不足、聚合厂房可否采用高层厂房、聚合厂房的防火分隔和防爆设计、水喷雾灭火系统的喷头选型和布置、雨淋阀组设置、VCM气柜是否需要设置水喷雾灭火系统、PVC仓库与包装车间相通处水幕带的布置和系统工作时间的确定、新建35kV开关站和聚合配电及DCS机柜间内的机柜间、主控室、UPS间、变压器室等处设置的气体灭火系统选型和灭火剂用量确定、消防供配电方式、火灾自动报警系统的硬件结构、软件设计、数据传输方式及联动控制设计中的逻辑编程、爆炸和火灾危险环境危险释放源等级确定和防爆区域等级范围的划分、爆炸危险区域电气设备的防爆结构选型、建、构筑物的防雷类别划分及采取的防雷、防静电措施等具体工程技术问题在深入分析研究后，提出了相应的解决措施。

The effects of different factors on the laser-induced graft polymerization on the PET surface were analyzed, and the mechanisms were discussed. The factors were: 1 Monomers with smaller molecules resulted in better modification than polymeric monomers. Acrylamide monomer was chosen as hydrophilic modifier finally; 2 Higher concentration of the monomer solution favored the graft reaction; 3 With the increasing laser fluence, the surface hydrophilicity of PET films increased at first, then decreased. More laser pulses led to a more hydrophilic surface; 4 Benzophenone as a photosensitizer hindered the graft polymerization; 5 The homopolymer retardant of ammonium iron sulfate hexahydrate in a proper concentration retarded the formation of homopolymers and promotes the graft copolymerization; 6 The solvent of monomer solution also affected the graft reaction. Different solvents functioned in different ways. Ethanol can promote the graft reaction because of the activity of hydrogen in its structure; 7 pH value of the monomer solution affects the polymerization rate, and a lower pH value was favorable to the graft reaction.

这些影响因素的作用分别为：1小分子单体的表面改性效果好，确定以丙烯酰胺为亲水性改性单体；2较高的单体溶液浓度有利于接枝反应；3激光能量密度增大，薄膜表面亲水性先显著增强，后又减弱；激光脉冲次数越多，改性后表面亲水性越强；4光敏剂BP对PET表面接枝聚合反应有阻碍作用；5适当浓度的均聚物抑制剂六水合硫酸铁铵能减少单体均聚物的生成，促进接枝聚合；6单体溶液的溶剂也影响接枝聚合的反应进程，不同溶剂的影响作用原理不同，含较活泼氢的乙醇能促进接枝反应；7溶液pH值影响单体聚合速率，pH值较低有利于接枝反应。

Finally, the grafting polymerization of textile materials initiated by microwave low temperature plasma was conducted. Knitted cotton fabric was grafted by AMPS first, then knitted cotton and terylene/cotton fabrics were grafted with AMPS/NIPA dualistic monomers respectively. By means of grafting polymerization, the P dualisticintelligent hydrogel was added to textile.The influences of the factors on add-on, such as treatment time and power of plasma, concentrations of crosslinking agent and total monomers, proportion of AMPS, polymerizing temperature and time etc, was studied fully. The optimal conditions of grafting polymerization initiated by microwave low temperature plasma were determined by orthogonal design, variance analysis and mathematical statistics method so as to analyze the main influencing factors. Then swelling/deswelling kinetics, temperature-sensitivity and pH-sensitivity of grafted textile were studied. The performance indexes of hydrostatic pressure, moisture permeability and bursting strength of the knitted cotton and terylene/cotton fabrics before and after grafting were compared and evaluated synthetically.

此后用微波低温等离子体引发纺织材料的接枝聚合反应，分别研究了棉针织物接枝AMPS和棉、涤棉混纺针织物接枝AMPS/NIPA二元单体，使智能凝胶以接枝的方式添加到纺织材料上；详细探讨了微波低温等离子体处理功率和时间、总单体浓度、AMPS单体浓度、交联剂浓度及聚合反应温度和时间等因素对增重率的影响，通过正交设计、方差分析及数理统计对各影响因子进行分析，确定了微波低温等离子体引发接枝聚合的最佳工艺条件；对接枝纺织材料的失水-吸水动力学、温度敏感性、pH敏感性等进行了研究；对接枝前后棉、涤棉混纺针织物的静水压、透湿性和顶破强力等服用性能指标进行了对比和综合评价。

Three methods are used to prepare molecular imprinted polymers,which include conventional bulk technique or polymerization with ultraviolet initiated in low temperature and polymerization with silica-gel as sacrificial materials. In the polymerization procedure , Sulfamethazine(SM2)and Sulfisoxazole were used as target template molecules, methacrylic acid and 4-vinylpyridine(4-VP) and acrylamide were selected as functional monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker, azobisisobutyronitrile was used as initator.

主要工作如下：首先，以磺胺异噁唑和磺胺二甲嘧啶为模板，分别以4-乙烯基吡啶，甲基丙烯酸，丙烯酰胺为功能单体，以二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂，偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂，采用了传统方法(60℃恒温水浴)、牺牲硅胶法及低温紫外光聚合法等三种方法合成了一系列的磺胺类药物印迹聚合物。

It was found that both the conversion and the initiating efficiency of methyl methacrylate polymerization system were decreased in the presence of small amounts of addition inhibitions 2,4,6-trinitrophenol or Benzoquinone, the system exhibited some retardation characteristics; at the same time, the molecular weights of obtained polymers was small and the molecular weight distributions was narrow, it was suggested that this polymerization system exhibited some ""living""/controlled radical polymerization characteristics.

发现在甲基丙烯酸甲酯的普通自由基聚合体系中加入少量的加成型阻聚剂2，4，6-三硝基苯酚或1，4-苯醌时，体系转化率降低，引发效率降低，呈现出一定的缓聚性质：同时得到的聚合物分子量变小，分子量分布变窄，具有一定的&活性&/可控的特征。

The influences of polymerization conditions such as the dosage of cyanobenzene, catalyst, co-catalyst and polymerization temperature on the polymerization (gelation time and monomer conversion) and the swelling value of PDCPD were investigated.

考察了主要反应条件如苯甲腈的用量、聚合反应温度、主催化剂的用量和助催化剂的用量等对聚合反应速率、聚合反应转化率和PDCPD膨胀值的影响，并得到了最优的聚合反应条件：苯甲腈与WCl_6的摩尔比为3，聚合反应温度为70℃，DCPD与WCl_6的摩尔比为1500，Et_2AlCl与WCl_6的摩尔比为11。

The aim of this study was to develop a novel amphiphilic functional block poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing ketone groups MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL. 2-oxepane-1, 5-dione was copolymerized with ε-caprolatone in which methoxy poly (MPEG, Mn=5 000) and stannous octoate were used as initiator and catalyst, respectively. The syntheses were conducted by bulk and solution polymerization. 1H NMR results showed that peak position and splitting of the polymers synthesized through solution polymerization were consistent with theoretical data, demonstrating the products were designed block copolymers. While in the bulk polymerization, polymer peak position was changed due to their high reaction temperature, suggesting their structural variation.

将带有羰基官能团的4-羰基己内酯和ε-己内酯分别在甲氧基聚乙二醇(MPEG，Mn=5 000)为引发剂，异辛酸亚锡为催化剂溶液和本体体系中开环聚合，合成了两亲性侧基带有羰基官能团的聚己内酯嵌段共聚物MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL.1H NMR结果表明采用溶液聚合法合成的聚合物各峰的峰位置和分裂情况与理论一致，证明了产物是实验所设计的嵌段共聚物，而采用本体聚合法合成的聚合物由于温度的影响，聚合物各峰的峰位置发生了变化，说明其结构发生了变化；差示扫描量热法分析结果表明随着OPD单体含量的增加，聚合物的熔点，玻璃化转变温度和熔融焓增加；热失重测试结果表明OPD单体的引入增加了聚合物的热敏感性。

In this article, star-high vinyl content polybutadiene was prepared using a multi-functional organolithium anionic initiator by " one-step " process. On the basis of 250ml glassware experiment ,we improved the experiment in 2L metal kettle. The polymerization condition was got as follows: polymerization temperature : 50-60 ℃, monomer content : 8-llg/100ml, polymerization time : 3~4 hours.Chracterizations were carried out by 'H-NMR, IR and GPC.

本文首次采用多官能团有机锂引发剂一步法合成出了星型高乙烯基聚丁二烯，在250ml玻璃瓶的基础上，进行2L金属斧的扩大实验，确定了以下聚合工艺参数：聚合反应温度：50～60℃，单体浓度：8～11g／100ml，聚合反应时间：3～4小时。

I have a pimple,all right?

我长了个粉刺好吗？

Fraternizing in the prison shower, come on.

在监狱洗澡的时分念战人称弟讲兄，失了吧