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According to the direct or indirect method of being influenced, Taoistic poems can be divided into two categories correspondingly. Those poems influenced directly by Taoism includes intercourse eulogy between poets and priests, and depressed Taoist landscape poems. Those poems influenced indirectly by Taoism includes poems imitating placid style and autarkic reclusion of Tao Yuanming, poems imitating unrestricted style and fairyism of Li Bai and Li He, and poems admiring Taoist inclusion and deity's immortality.

这些诗从影响方式可分为受道教直接影响的诗歌与受道教间接影响的诗歌，前一类型包括两种：一为诗人与道士之间的赞美式的酬唱赠答诗，二为带有沉重思绪的游宫观山水诗；后一类型包括三种，一为学陶渊明的冲淡诗风和躬耕隐居的诗歌，二为学李白、李贺的自由张扬与具有神仙思想的诗歌，三为羡慕道徒隐居和飞升成仙的慕道诗。

There are epics of the Zhou Dynasty, poems describing life on the farm, patriotic poems depicting soldiers garrisoning the frontiers, poems of compliant and satire, love poems and sacrificial poems.

诗经》广泛而真实地反映了古代社会生活的画面以及不同阶级和阶层的人们的生活感受，内容包括周族史诗、农事劳动诗、爱国征戍诗、讽喻怨刺诗、爱情婚恋诗、燕飨祭祀诗等等。

As a monk and poet, the outstanding character of the idea of Hui Hong's poetics is that he treats poem as literature, which is different from the monk Qi Yi of Tang Dynasty who is seeking the simplicity, elegance and serenity, and is also different from HanShan, ShiDe and Wang Fanzhi who use merely colloquialism to write some works of dissuasion and instruction just similar to ragged verse. So his poems do not sink into the old way of writing poems for doctrine and are not plain as other monks' poems, which is his brilliance comparing with other monks who write poems.

作为诗僧，惠洪的诗学思想最突出的一点就是他能从文学的角度来看待诗歌，这既不同于唐僧齐己的一味追求淡雅静幽，也不似寒山、拾得、王梵志那样纯用白话口语来写一些类似打油诗的劝世说教之作，也因此没有堕入僧诗惯有的蔬笋气或是教条气的老路中去，这是他比其他诗僧的高明之处。

After discerning, making statistics and comparing the condition of the literary men inditing which was recorded by the historical bibliographic literary such as Preceding Qin Han Wei Jin South and North Dynasty poems, WeiShu and LuoYang Temple Recording, etc, I believe that compared with the actual condition of BeiWei poets and poems, the quantity of existent BeiWei poets and poems only shares the few specific weight. And these poems have not the sufficient elucidation on the quality. The dubiety is also existed on the poets' achievements.

在分别对《先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗》之"北魏卷"、"北齐卷"、"北周卷"和《魏书》、《洛阳伽蓝记》等历史文献所记载的北魏文人赋诗情形进行甄别、统计、比较之后，论文认为：现存北魏诗人及其诗歌与北魏实际的诗人诗作相比，在数量上只占很少的比重，在诗歌的质量上不具有充分的说明性，在诗人的成就上也存在可疑性。

In the poetic field, he has toiled for over 30 years, publishing short poetry collection of Stars, Eyes of Mother, 70 Romantic Poems by Qiao Yan, The Green Romantic Poems, Double-mast Sail of Love, Romantic Career in the Army, and Selection of Poems by Qiao Yan; narrative long poems like The Silent Woods of Birch, The Noble-minder, and The Song of a Soldier and an Era; long autographic work Wei Wei, 28 volumes of prosaic collection like Love being Forgotten, The Passion of Soldiers, and Stepping into The Alps.

在诗的园地里，他辛勤劳作三十余载，出版了《星星，母亲的眼睛》、《峭岩情诗70首》、《绿色的情诗》、《爱的双桅帆》、《浪漫军旅》、《峭岩诗选》等短诗集；《静静的白桦林》、《高尚的人》、《一个士兵和一个时代的歌》等叙事长诗；《中国西部摄影诗》、《我的祖国》、以及长篇传记文学专著《魏巍》、散文集《被遗忘的爱》、《士兵的情愫》、《走进阿尔卑斯山》等著作28部。

But for Haizi's Poems, Especially for romantism inside his Poems ,Study articles is few.when we contact with and glorified Haizi's Poems, Understand mysterious and profound, vast, firm in Haizi's Poems, It seems that we still need to study all aspects start .

在我们接触并传颂海子的短诗时，关于海子诗歌中的神秘、深邃、苍茫、坚定的内容理解，我们似乎仍需要从各方面入手研究。

His representative works are: poem collections such as Songs on the Border, In the North, Grass Sparse on the Plain, Cactus, Selected Poems by Gong Liu, I Want to Have a Home, Short Poems by Gong Liu for Perusing; collection of short stories A Street on the Border; scenario Ashma and Cloud of Waiting Wife; commentary collections Drudging on the Road of Poems and Poems and Honesty; random note collections Longing for Wine, Walking Memorial Tablet, and Voice on the Paper------ Random Notes by Gong Liu; essay collections Proper Topic Expounded Improperly, and Say No to Calcium Deficiency; reportage collections Crevices, etc.

其代表作有诗集《边地短歌》、《在北方》、《离离原上草》、《仙人掌》、《公刘诗选》、《我想有个家》、《公刘短诗精读》，短篇小说集《国境一条街》，电影剧本《阿诗玛》、《望夫云》，评论集《诗路跋涉》、《诗与诚实》，散文随笔集《酒的怀念》、《活的纪念碑》、《纸上声——公刘随笔》，杂文集《正题歪做》、《不能缺钙》，报告文学集《裂缝》等等。

The life-relatedness of poems of the early Tang Dynasty is seen in theexpression of the rise-and-fall theme of Urban Poems, the pursuit of individual valueof one's life of the Frontier Poets and Chivalry Poets, and the hope placed on lifeconsciousness in the intoning poems and peacefulness of life of the landscape poems,etc. In addition, it can also be seen in the expression of emotions and ambitions in aparticular image, the pursuit of and the persistence in integrity on the part of the poets,and in the choice and application of the different poetic forms like the Hepta-cantusand the sao style, etc.

初唐诗歌生命化现象普遍存在于都市诗对盛衰主题的表现、边塞诗和咏侠诗对诗人个体生命价值的追求、咏物诗对生命意识的寄寓和山水诗对生命的安顿等方面；此外，还体现在特定意象对情志的抒发，诗人对&风骨&的自觉追求和坚持，对诗歌形式诸如七言歌行、骚体诗等的有意识的选择和运用。

In the century's first decade poetry still had a large audience; volumes of verse published in that time included Thomas Hardy's The Dynasts, Christina Rossetti's posthumous Poetical Works, Ernest Dowson's Poems, George Meredith's Last Poems, Robert Service's Ballads of a Cheechako and John Masefield's Ballads and Poems.

在本世纪的头十年诗歌仍有大批观众；卷诗发表在当时包括哈代的Dynasts ，克里斯蒂娜娜罗塞蒂的遗诗作品，欧内斯特道森的诗，乔治梅瑞迪斯的最后诗歌，罗伯特服务的歌谣的Cheechako和John马斯菲尔德的歌谣和诗歌。

The writer chose representative poets' works to launch the treatise, owing to the popularity and influences of poems.The full text was divided into five parts, the first part reviewed the achievements of minority Chinese language poem; the second part analyzed the imago of the poem and explained the deep artistic connotation; the third part emphasized to analyze Jidi Maja's poems, which represented the Yi's poem at Cold Mountain and Liemei Pingcuo's poems, which represented the Tibetan poem. The fourth part discussed the innovation of minority poet about the poem pattern and artistic personality, commented on pioneer poets' conception and practice, and the attention to soul of the minority female poets. The fifth part pointed out the limitations of the new period national minority poem.

本文具体分为五个部分：第一部分从民族意识的自觉和自审，诗美建构的探索与实践等方面综论少数民族汉诗的创作成就；第二部分为精神原型的诗意体现——意象系统分析，分别从原型意识的现代演绎和宗教神性家园的守望等角度分析诗歌意象，阐释深层的艺术内涵；第三部分着重分析以吉的马加为代表的凉山彝族诗歌，以列美平措为代表的藏族诗歌，****其作品对民族灵魂的传承和文化内涵的重构；第四部分探讨少数民族诗人关于诗歌范式与艺术个性的创新，评论先锋诗人的诗歌理念与实践，少数民族女性诗人对心灵的观照；第五部分通过整合得出新时期少数民族汉语诗歌创作存在的局限，指出汉化和西化倾向导致本民族文化特色的缺失。

After oxidation, pH value of the surface of carbon black has a specific relation with the volatile content.

氧化后炭黑表面的pH值与挥发分之间有一定的关系。

Knowing that such a person is warped and sinful; he is self-condemned.

因为知道这等人已经背道，犯了罪，自己明知不是，还是去做。