查询词典 parameter integral

This paper discusses the integrability of Riemann's integral theory systematically: By analyzing the common characters of a lot of integral calculus, it abstracts the concept of Riemann integral and discusses its integrability of Riemann's integral theory and then gets integrable functions.

摘要本文较为系统地讨论了积分可积性理论：通过分析诸多积分概念的共性，抽象定义了积分，详细讨论了其可积性理论，得出了可积函数类。

This paper discussed working principle of the ideal electronic integrator which was constituted of operational amplifier. Integral drift parameter and integral time constant as main factors influencing the accuracy of integral output were analyzed.

摘 要：讨论了由运算放大器构成的理想电子积分器的工作原理，分析了积分漂移、积分时间常数等主要因素对积分输出误差的影响及改善措施。

Although we cannot pass an integral value to a enum parameter, we can pass an enum to a parameter of integral type.

虽然无法将整型值传递给枚举类型的形参，但可以将枚举值传递给整型形参。

In chapter 5,a knowledge-based correction term for the objective function of parameter estimation is proposed.The relationship between the function extreme points of state estimatin and parameter estimation is deduced.A strategy of projecting the parameter objective function from the augmented solution space to the parameter space is proposed and proved.

第五章分析了电力系统状态估计和参数估计的理论依据并指出传统解法的不足，提出基于经验知识的参数估计目标函数修正项，推导了状态估计和参数估计目标函数极值点的关系，由此提出并证明了新的基于垂直投影的估计策略。

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

In this paper,the differential relation between optic parameter and lattice parameter in electron storage ring of HLS is presented;the lattice parameter at downriver is evaluated and analyzed when the optic parameter at upriver is changed.

研究了合肥光源储存环光学参数和聚焦结构参数间的微分关系，在改变三个输运线上游的光学参数时，计算和分析了下游各个聚焦结构参数。

The nonlinearity and discrete gradient inherited in CAViaR model is a conundrum for parameter estimation. We take the asymmetric Laplace distribution with scale parameter as the error process; indicate the variance has a minimum positive value when the scale parameter is a constant, conflicting with the distribution of real financial data. Further we estimate the parameters of indirect TARCH-CAViaR model base on Bayesian framework and Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The optimal scale parameter can also be obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo method.

CAViaR一般模型中递归分位回归方程的非线性和非连续可微性是参数估计的一个难题，基于含有尺度参数的不对称拉普拉斯分布作为误差过程，指出将尺度参数固定为常数会导致不对称拉普拉斯分布随机变量的方差存在最小正值的限制，与实际金融数据分布不符；进而提出采用贝叶斯分析和马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗模拟方法，估计间接TARCH-CAViaR模型的参数，并可获得尺度参数的合理估计。

The thesis analyzes the methods for parameter estimation of distributed sources in detail, and low complexity estimators, comes up with RELAX in parameter estimation and robust method of high resolution parameter estimators for distributed sources, and gives theory analysis and simulation results. The main work is:1 This text gives a study of the signal models of two kinds of distributed sources: coherent distributed sources and incoherent distributed sources, analyzes eigenvalue distribution of correlation matrix.2 Systematically introduced parameter estimation of distributed sources on the base of models, including the maximum likelihood estimate, least squares estimator, DSPE, DISPARE, etc.

论文详细分析了已有分布式目标参数估计方法及低复杂度的参数估计方法，提出了分布式目标参数估计的RELAX算法和具有稳健性的分布式目标高分辨估计方法，并给出了相应的理论分析和仿真实验结果。

Experimental results show that the performance of local parameter estimation is superior to that of global parameter estimation when there are no attacks, and the performance of local parameter estimation is worse than that of global parameter estimation when there are attacks.

通过实验得到以下结论：在无攻击条件下，局部参数估计的性能优于整体参数估计的性能；在有攻击条件下，整体估计的性能要好于局部参数估计的性能；压缩攻击会导致水印误检概率的增加，不同的攻击对模型造成的影响不同。

Some conclusions are obtained:(1) The interval data concept can rationally settle the apart component's dependence problem of monitoring data;(2) The survey point's displacement which is the material parameter's increasing function or deducing function can be used to back-analyse the material parameter's up and down limit; and (3) Both the interval parameter perturbation back analysis method and the interval parameter monotony back analysis method can obtain satisfactory interval parameters.

通过分析得出结论：(1)可利用区间数概念合理解决监测资料中分离分量相关性的问题；(2)可利用工程结构中位移为待反分析材料参数的增函数或减函数的测点位移的上、下限，来反演得到不确定性材料参数的上、下限；(3)工程算例分析表明，区间参数摄动优化反分析法和区间参数单调性优化反分析法都能得到令人满意的参数区间。

Molecular Distillation is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products.

分子蒸馏技术是一种在高真空条件下进行的连续蒸馏过程，适合于分离高沸点、热敏性及具有生物活性的混合物。

They are to the Noughties what yuppies were to the Eighties .

那在六十年代是时髦的，但在八十年代肯定是过时了