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The detailed analyzed and simulating of focusing error signal of optical pickup based on oblique parallel plate glass was carried out. The new scheme for generating focusing error signal based double reflection plane BSP was proposed. As a result, the structure of optical pickup was simplified, and the cost of optical pickup was reduced. The scheme was not reported in domestic and international literature formerly. Now, author obtained the patent on this scheme.

作者对采用倾斜平板玻璃进行误差信号的提取方案进行了详细的理论分析和模拟，并提出采用双反射面BSP进行聚焦误差信号的提取，该方案可以简化光学读取头的结构，并降低光学读取头的成本，该方案未见国内外报道，目前已经获得专利。

A novel Ni-Cr-Au micro-structure scheme is brought forward after research on the silicon-based non-silicon optical switch. By theoretic and experimental analysis, a Ni-Cr-Au optical switch unit is fabricated successfully. Measuring experiments have been done on the Ni-Cr-Au micromirror for electrostatic driving torsion mirror optical switch.

本文对2D MEMS光开关的关键技术进行了探讨，采用体微加工和表面微加工技术和新型MEMS结构材料，研制出2D MEMS光开关的微镜及其驱动结构，主要研究工作如下：系统地对MEMS技术，尤其是MEMS微加工技术进行了研究，为MEMS器件设计奠定理论基础。

The main work can be summed up as follows: Firstly, we studied the thermal-field properties of VCSELs, and analyzed the influences of current spreading, material parameters and operating conditions on the temperature distributions. Secondly, we began with the electrode voltage and calculated the equipotential s distributions, compared the distributions of voltages and current densities in different depths of VCSELs, and then studied the influences of the oxide-confining region with different position or thickness, and the different sizes of the gain-guided aperture and emitting window on the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature in the active region. Thirdly, we realized the coupling of electricity, optical and thermal-fields, worked out the threshold voltage, calculated the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature under different offset voltages, and analyzed the impacts of temperature profile and carrier density on the refractive index, Fermi levels and optical-field. Finally, we gave the equipotential line distributions with considering N-DBR and double oxidized-confining regions, and analyzed theinfluences of N-DBR and double oxide-confining regions on the distributions of the current density, carrier concentration, temperature and optical-field.

具体工作可以概括如下：首先，研究了VCSEL的热场特性，分析了电流扩展，材料参数和工作条件对于温度分布的影响；其次，从电极电压入手，计算出激光器中的等势线分布，并对不同深度处的电压和电流分布进行比较，研究了高阻区的不同位置和不同厚度、限制层和出射窗口半径的大小对电流密度、载流子浓度和温度分布的影响；再次，实现了电、光、热耦合，求出了阈值电压，计算了不同偏置电压下的电流密度分布、载流子浓度分布和热场分布，分析了温度和载流子浓度变化对折射率、费米能级和光场的影响；最后，给出了考虑N-DBR和双氧化限制层时激光器中的等势线分布，分析了N-DBR和双氧化限制层对VCSEL电流密度、载流子浓度、温度和光场分布的影响。

By the optical matrix, the effects have been analyzed quantitativelly, and point out that equivalent length of optical path is the different concept from optical distance.

通过变角度衰减片的光学传播矩阵定量地分析了这些影响，特别提到光路的等效长度与光程是不同的概念，需要分别考虑。

The paper is under the background of "2.5G small form factor pluggable optical transceiver module with digital diagnosis function", which is the project of WuHan huagong genuine optical Technology Co, Ltd. It introduces the constitutes, principle, of the main parts of optical transceiver, introduces the performance and design technology of these integrate circuit which be used in the project.

本文以武汉华工正源光子技术有限公司"2.5G带数字诊断功能的小封装光模块"项目的研究为背景，深入介绍了光收发模块的组成与各主要部分的工作原理，详细介绍了课题中采用的各款芯片的性能与设计技术。

Mach-Zehnder Optical fiber space interferometer is an optical instrument in which the traditional optical interferometer arms are substituted by two fibers. It uses a visible light, and the interference of beams from fibers will be observed in the screen.

光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪是利用光纤代替常规M-Z干涉仪传输光路的一种仪器，使用在可见波段，由光纤出射的光在空间进行干涉，在干涉屏上出现可见的干涉条纹。

AOBO Wuhan Optical Fiber and Cable Company is mainly engaged in fiber-optic cable and optical fiber communication products development, production, marketing, design, and technical services into one integrated optical communication enterprises.

武汉奥博光纤光缆公司主要从事光纤光缆及光纤通信系列产品的开发、生产、销售、设计、及技术服务为一体的综合性光通信企业。

Based on the concept of averaging electromagnetic field, the optical constants of Goodwin synthetic ash, Chinese Qitaihe coal ash and Russian ash Br-1 were calculated by Maxwell-Garnett and Bruggeman effective medium theory. Computational results show that, for the synthetic coal slag, the optical constants estimated by EMT consist with the experimental values, but for the coal-ash produced in combustion, the optical constants estimated by EMT using industrial analytical species deviate far from the experimental values.

基于电磁场平均的概念，利用Maxwell-Garnett和Bruggeman有效介质理论分别对Goodwin人工合成灰渣、中国七台河矸石煤灰、俄罗斯褐煤灰Br-1 3组煤灰的光学常数进行计算，结果表明，人工合成灰渣光学常数的有效介质理论值与实验值吻合，而利用工业分析成分，燃烧生成煤灰光学常数的有效介质理论值与实验值有较大偏差。

Optical filter is the key device in WDM optical communication system to deal with the signal of specific channel or multiple channels. The optical filter design of base on photonic crystal structure has become an important research.

光滤波器在波分复用光通信系统中是处理特定信道或者多个信道信号的关键器件，所以基于光子晶体结构的光滤波器设计也成为重要的研究工作。

The assembly method of the invention has the main principles that a semiconductor laser, an optical coupled apparatus and a fiber head are orderly arranged, and the optical axes of the semiconductor laser, the optical coupled apparatus and the fiber head are arranged in a same straight line; the focal plane of an output beam which is focused on the fiber head is changed through utilizing and adjusting an adjusting device which can cause a beam to deviate; the sensitivity of the assembly adjustment of the adjusting device in the course of fixing is reduced.

本发明的方法的主要原理是将半导体激光器、光学耦合器件、光纤头依次排列，并使它们光轴在同一直线上，然后通过利用一使光束发生偏移的调节器件，通过调节该调节改变聚焦于光纤头的输出光束的焦平面，降低调节器件装配调节的固定时的敏感性。

As a dominant party,CPC government should play a guardian,supervisee and guarantee role to overcome all the difficulties in the development of charitable cause and bring it into full play in the establishment of harmonious society on policies and regulations basis.

在中国共产党的文献中第一次把发展慈善事业提到&最广泛最充分地调动一切积极因素，不断提高构建社会主义和谐社会的能力&的高度来认识。近年来，社会学界对慈善事业的理论专著发表较多，有鉴于此，笔者不揣浅陋，谈谈自己的认识和见解。

Flow through the land, the land of the scale of operation allows the effectiveness of the land may be raised.

通过土地的流转，土地的规模经营可以让土地的效益得到提升。