查询词典 note at demand

The main contributions are summarized as the following.Firstly, assuming demand is segmented by order lead time, a joint pricing and capacity allocation model is formulated considering scenario-based demand. Due to the stochastic discrete variable in the model, robust optimization is used to solve the model. Numerical examples prove our model and method reflect the stochastic characteristics of demand and provide more pratical pricing and capacity allocation policies than other methods of deterministic and stochastic expectation programming methods especially when the capacity is tight.

本文的创新之处概括为如下几个方面：首先，假设制造企业根据交货提前期对市场细分，建立了考虑需求情境的BTO模式下制造企业定价与能力分配的集成模型，利用稳健优化规划方法对此随机模型进行转化和求解，算例仿真表明随机优化规划方法较确定性规划和随机期望值规划方法更好地反映了随机离散需求的分布和波动特征，更加接近实际运作情况；产能越紧张，各类需求的价格差距越大，三种规划方法给出的最优策略差距越大。

According to the demand information divulgence in supply chain ordering process, by comparing the supplier's profits between divulging the incumbent's demand information and not divulging the incumbent' demand information, the mechanism of the information divulgence has been analyzed.

针对供应链订货过程中的需求信息泄露现象，通过对比供应商在泄露信息和不泄露信息情况下的收益，研究了供应链需求信息泄露的产生机理。

Demand of real estate tax mainly has two aspects: demand of nation and demand of taxpayer.

物业税制度的需求主要有两个层次：国家的需求和纳税人的需求。

In the Market Equilibrium with Stocks, the necessity for existence of stocks stems from the contradictions of the continuity and discontinuity,the elasticity and inelasticity between supply and demand; stocks's role in a Market Equilibrium with Stocks formation mechanism is largely embodied by a cumulative difference of supply and demand, rather than a simple short-term supply and demand residual error.

在有库存市场均衡中，库存存在的必然性源自于供给与需求在连续性与非连续性、富于弹性与缺乏弹性之间的矛盾；库存在有库存市场均衡形成机制中的作用，更多的表现为一个累积效应下的供求差额，而不是简单的短期供求残差。

Joint and several liability getting related reason of production identity related, meaning related, behavior related and interests related. The legal principle foundation of related production of joint liability is because of demand, reduction of cost and demand with fair demand, justice and essence for raising the efficiency that are ensured in conformity with the right.

连带责任连带性产生的原因是身份上的连带、意思上的连带、行为上的连带和利益上的连带，连带责任连带性产生的法理基础是权利保障的要求、降低成本和提高效率的要求、正义与实质公平的要求。

Based on the analysis of real and lateen demands, the author lucubrated and researched into deep-seated contradictions from the angle of equilibrium between supply and demand. Then, combined with reform of rural taxation and fee system, a supply system directed by demand for rural public goods was set up to ultimately satisfy the demand in country.（2）The supply restriction of public goods was supposed as the important cause for puzzles of agriculture, country and peasant.

本文在对农村公共产品现实需求和潜在需求进行分析的基础上，注重从农村公共产品供求平衡的视角对农村公共产品供给问题进行全面、深刻剖析，并结合农村税费改革，研究农村公共产品供给中的深层次矛盾，以求建立以农村需求为导向的农村公共产品供给制度；②提出农村公共产品供给约束是导致"三农"困境的重要根源。

By applying game theory and contraction mapping theorem, a sufficient condition for the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium in a multi-person non-cooperative game is proposed. Another implication in the sense of game theory is presented for the stability condition of supply-demand equilibrium in traditional economic theory. It can demonstrate the stability condition for supply-demand equilibrium in economic theory. So the stable supply-demand equilibrium of cobweb model in economics is in fact equivalent to the Nash equilibrium in game theory. That is a brand-new explanation for the conclusion in traditional economic theory.

应用博弈论中的有关理论与压缩映象定理寻求一类多ISP非合作对策纳什均衡存在、唯一的充分条件，给出了传统经济理论中供求均衡稳定性条件的对策论意义，证明了经济理论中的供求均衡稳定性条件；说明了经济学中蛛网模型的稳定供求均衡实际上就是对策理论中的纳什均衡，从而给出了传统经济理论中关于这一结论的新解释。

There are different levels of rigidity, which gradation is the urban residents passive sexual demand, the house demand for a new married couple and the melioration demand.

在刚性需求内部具有不同级别的"刚性"，刚性渐减的顺序是货币化的拆迁性需求、婚房需求、改善型需求。

Interpretations vary only concerning to what extent we find shortages in some areas ; to what extent dynamic and long-term views of economic , technological , and social needs might justify an expansion beyond the current demand for graduates ; to what extent uncertainties about the future demand an "overeducation" risk policy ; and to what extent rationales other than labor market demand should be taken into consideration as well .

不同的解释唯一关注的是我们在多大程度发觉某些地区的紧张；动态的和长远的经济、技术、和社会需求的观点在多大程度上超出对毕业生当前需求的扩大；未来不确定的因素在多大程度上需要一个"过度教育"的风险政策；以及理性的而不是劳动力市场的需求在多大程度上被考虑在内。

This paper introduces the concept of automated intelligent tire design as basis, and then systemically presents the general framework of CAD 3-D digital tire model design platform. Its modules include the demand representation, demand preanalysis, product list generation, product list modeling, testing, tires knowledge-base and tire parts-base. The realizing process and key techniques of the product list modeling module are described, including calculation principle of groove section and groove modeling scheme ,and so on. This paper also introduces an improved algorithm of calculating groove centerline. Finally CATIA platform and VBA toolkit-based tire design system is established under detailed demand representation type.

在提出自动化智能轮胎设计概念基础上，系统地阐述了计算机辅助设计三维轮胎数字化模型开发设计平台的整体架构，包括需求表示、需求分析预处理、产品清单生成、产品清单造型、产品检验、轮胎知识库和轮胎零件库等模块；叙述了数字轮胎设计造型模块的实现过程和关键技术，包括花纹沟截面计算原理和各种花纹沟的造型方案等，同时，还提出了一种改进的计算花纹沟中心线的算法；最后基于CATIA三维造型平台和自动化语言VBA二次开发工具实现了在详细需求表示类型下的轮胎设计系统。

The system can be widely used in belt weighing and batching process control,etc.

介绍了基于智能模糊控制的嵌入式配料系统的设计方法，对模糊PID控制过程和系统调零作了重点的讨论，同时给出了PID控制的程序流程图和系统定长调零子程序。

"I dunno," she answered,"but if you show me aroun', I'll recognize it from the lighthouse just outside the porthole."

"我不知道，"她回答说，"如果你能带我转转，我能认出来的，因为灯塔就在舷窗外。"