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The results showed that there was a more better effect of filmformation and absorbency to use poly 1788 as an adhesive and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(K:90) as a hydrophilic polymer. The silicon dioxide with particle size 0.3-1 μm as a inorganic pigment had a better absorbency. The polyethylene glycol modified with ethylenediamine had a more better characteristic of dye immobilization, absorbency and definition than the polyethylene glycol modified with diethylenetriamine, of which the polyethylene glycol of molecular weight of 400 modifiedwith ethylenediamine had more best performance.

研究结果表明：采用聚乙烯醇1788作黏合剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(K值为90)作亲水性高分子可得到比较理想的成膜效果和吸墨效果；粒径分布范围在0.3-1 μm的二氧化硅作为无机颜料具有较好的吸墨性能；用乙二胺改性的聚乙二醇比用二乙三胺改性的聚乙二醇具有更好的固墨性、吸墨效果以及清晰度，其中乙二胺改性的分子量为400的聚乙二醇所得到的烷基多胺的效果为最好。

Besides, purchasing patterns may be different because of situations or products. Consequently, we discriminate purchasing patterns from "new task","modified rebuy" and "straight rebuy". This study focus on "modified rebuy".

另一方面，实务上采购方式也会依采购情境或产品类型的不同而有所差异，因此，本研究先将采购方式归纳为「新任务购买」、「修正后重购买」以及「直接重购买」等三种，再以「修正后重购买」作为本研究探讨分析的重点。

The method by drying/adsorption was used to prepare DNA adsorptively modified electrodes, and thus-resulting DNA-modified electrodes were electrochemically and spectroscopically characterized, including cyclic voltammetry, scanning tunneling microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, in-situ UV/Vis reflection spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and alternating current impedance. Some information about the state of DNA immobilized on electrode surfaces was obtained.

鉴于此，本论文工作首先利用简便的干燥吸附法制备获得DNA吸附修饰电极，采用电化学方法及多种谱学仪器方法如STM，XPS，Raman，交流阻抗，UV-Vis现场光谱等对DNA修饰电极进行了表征，获得了有关DNA在电极表面状态等有价值的信息；又采用自组装单分子层修饰技术，制备出DNA共价键合修饰SAM/电极，并对制备条件进行了优化，利用XPS及电化学方法对修饰电极进行了表征。

Test methods such as ATR, IR transmission method, Raman spectroscopy, DSC(Differential scanning calorimeter), X-ray diffraction are used to investigate the assemble structure of the modified silk materials. And its microstructure is observed by SEM. Stannic acid is used to characterize the microvoids in the silk fibers and the mechanical properties of modified silk fibers are also tested in the paper.

本文采用了透射和全反射两种红外光谱吸收法、激光拉曼光谱法、差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射法等测试手段研究了改性真丝纤维的聚集态结构，采用扫描电子显微镜法研究了改性真丝纤维的微观结构，采用锡酸处理法对丝纤维内部的微孔进行了表征，并对改性后真丝纤维的力学性能作了测试分析。

The thermodynamics principle of dyeing of modified flax fabric has been studied in the aspects of adsorption isotherm, dying appetency, substantivity and saturation value and so on. The results indicate that dyeing adsorption isotherm of modified flax fabric belongs to the characteristic equation curve of Langmiur, which is according to the mechanism of electric adsorption.

从阴离子染料上染改性亚麻织物的吸附等温线、染色亲和力、直接性、染色饱和值几个方面研究了改性亚麻织物染色的热力学原理，结果表明：改性亚麻织物染色的等温吸附线属于Langmiur方程的特征曲线，即按电荷吸附机理进行。

In this paper, the emulsifier sodium polyether sulfovinate modified polysiloxane was synthesized by sulfuric acid esterification between chlorosulfonic acid and polyether modified polysiloxane, then alkali neutralization. It was a kind of nonionic and anionic composite emulsifier.

本论文以聚醚改性聚硅氧烷为原料，进行硫酸酯化反应，并进一步用碱中和，合成了聚醚改性聚硅氧烷硫酸酯钠乳化剂，该乳化剂属于非离子、阴离子复合型乳化剂。

Conventional sulphamate series superplasticizer is modified by modified monomer so as to improve the water retention and to reduce the bleeding rate of water reducing agent.

选用改性单体对传统氨基磺酸盐系高效减水剂进行改性，以提高减水剂的保水性、减小泌水率。

On the basis of published paper, an ID-based provable secure and strong designated verifier signature scheme, a modified strong designated verifier signencryption scheme, and a modified extended aggregate signature scheme based on the supersingular elliptic curve is presented in this thesis.

在已有文献的基础上，综合形成了一种基于身份标识的超奇异椭圆曲线上的强指定验证者的数字签名方案、签密方案和可扩展的群签名方案。

Fumed silica was surfacely modified with resorcinol and hexamethylenetetramine complex, and the product was then reacted with natural rubber to prepare NR/modified fumed silica (NR/M-silica) nano-composites via a mixing and curing process.

用间苯二酚与六亚甲基四胺络合物对气相法白炭黑进行表面改性，产物与天然橡胶混合，通过混炼和硫化制备了天然橡胶／改性气相法白炭黑(NR/M-silica)纳米复合材料。

The nano-silica partrcles are organic-modified by E-MA-GMA elastomer through direct solvent process,the organic-modify process mechanism was studied,and the dispersing of modified nano-silica particles in tetrachloroethane solvent and PBT were investigated.FIRT,TEM,SEM results indicated that the epoxy group of E-MA-GMA could react with the hydroxyl groups of silica surface,helped to reduce the interactions of nano-silica particles particles and improve the dispersion of nano-silica on PBT and the interfacia...

surface modification ；溶液法利用功能化弹性体E-MA-GMA对纳米二氧化硅进行表面有机化修饰改性，分析了表面改性过程机理，同时考察了改性后纳米二氧化硅在四氯乙烷溶剂和PBT基体中的分散情况；FIRT、TEM、SEM测试结果表明，E-MA-GMA的环氧基团与纳米SiO_2的—OH基团发生反应，降低纳米二氧化硅粒子间的相互作用力，改善了纳米二氧化硅在PBT基体中的分散，提高复合材料的相容性。

Molecular Distillation is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products.

分子蒸馏技术是一种在高真空条件下进行的连续蒸馏过程，适合于分离高沸点、热敏性及具有生物活性的混合物。

They are to the Noughties what yuppies were to the Eighties .

那在六十年代是时髦的，但在八十年代肯定是过时了