查询词典 microbial

DGGE was used to study 16S rRNA (V3 region) of soil microbial community, the result shows that the structure of soil microbial community changed a lot, when the degeneration of grassland is progressing, especially the structure of soil microbial community in surface lamina; The structure of soil microbial community in podzolic horizon of hypo-surface lamina of the grassland degenerated heavily, is similar to soil microbial community in illuvial horizon of the typical grassland and the grassland degenerated lightly.

重度退化草原亚表层的灰化层细菌群落结构类似于典型草原和轻度退化草原的淀积层的细菌群落结构。

The results indicated that organic fertilizer at a rate of 75000 kg/ha or organic fertilizer (75000 kg/ha) with compound fertilizer at a rate of 300 kg/ha had higher effects on genetic diversity of soil microbial community under field conditions. Treatment of fertilizers as base application at level of 600 kg/ha resulted in decrease of DNA sequence richness index and diversity index of soil microbial communities, and the similarity coefficient of DNA sequence from soil microbial communities was the lowest compared with control. Organic fertilizer treatment was conducive to increasing DNA sequence diversity index and evenness index of soil microbial communities.

结果表明，在本试验条件下，基肥为75000kg/hm^2有机肥处理和75000kg/hm^2有机肥加300kg/hm^2复合肥处理最好；基肥为600kg/hm^2复合肥处理使土壤微生物群落DNA序列丰富度指数和多样性指数显著下降，与对照的DNA序列相似系数最低；有机肥处理有利于土壤微生物群落DNA序列多样性、均匀度和黄瓜产量的提高。

The main results are: construction of Tarim desert highway shelter-forest promoted soil microbial development, and with increase of plantation time of the shelter-forest, the quantity, fatty acid diversity index of soil microbe and diversity index of bacterial DNA segment enhanced notably. As to soil microbial community structure, bacteria are dominant population with amounting for over 80% of total soil microbe, and fungi is not more than 1% of total soil microbe, but soil microbial community structure was different among three soil layers. The conclusions from study methods of conventional culture, biological marker and molecule biology were almost identical, which illuminates that construction of Tarim desert highway made soil microbial activity enhance and so promote nutrient cycle and utilization of Tarim desert highway shelter-forest land.

结果表明，塔里木沙漠公路防护林的建设促进了风沙土土壤微生物的发育，随着防护林定植年限的增加，土壤微生物数量、脂肪酸和细菌DNA片段的多样性指数明显增大；土壤微生物区系组成中，细菌是优势类群，占微生物总数80%以上，而真菌很少，不到微生物总数1%，但在不同土层间有所差异；传统培养法与现代生物标记和分子生物学方法对塔里木沙漠公路防护林地土壤微生物多样性的研究结果基本一致，说明塔里木沙漠公路防护林的建设使林地土壤生物活性有所增强，有利于林地土壤养分循环与利用。

The citric acid-producing strain Aspergillus niger 2363-2, was isolated and used in our research. The fermentation conditions were optimized as follows: sucrose as carbon source 8. 0-14. 0%, ammonium chloride as nitrogen source 3. 0-4. 0g/l, initial pH 2. 0, and cultural temperature 30℃. The influential factors of formation of spores were also studied, and a series of measures were taken to restrain the spore formation on the basis of our experimental results. With the consideration of the cultural environment and microbial cell itself, the factors affecting the duration of citric acid-producing activity of microbial cells were examined, and it is found that undissociated citric acid and the ageing of microbial cells are the main factors. The experimental results also show that partial replacement of fermentation broth can lengthen the duration of citric acid -producing acitivity of microbial cells.

筛选出了用于试验研究的柠檬酸发酵用菌Aspergillus niger 2363-2，确定了其最适发酵条件—碳源选用蔗糖，浓度8.0~14.0%，氮源为NH〓Cl，浓度3.0~4.0g/l，发酵初始pH值为2.0，培养温度30℃；讨论了分生孢子产生的影响因素，并通过试验提出了抑制分生孢子产生的措施；从分析微生物所处的环境和微生物本身两个方面出发，探讨了影响微生物菌体产酸活性持久性的因素，认为分子态柠檬酸和菌体本身的老化是影响微生物产酸活性持久性的两个主要因素，并提出采用部分置换发酵液发酵能延长微生物菌体的产酸活性。

From analysis it could be seen that intercropping aromatic plants in sand soil in pear orchard had good regulatory effects on the soil microbial quantity, the ratio of the soil fungi, bacteria and actinomyees in soil microbial community and the soil available nutrients, among which, intercropping Ocimum basilicum L on the soil microbial quantity and content of the soil nutrients was better than other treatments.

间作芳香植物对于沙地梨园土壤微生物数量及其群落中真菌、细菌和放线菌的比例与土壤中有效态养分含量具有良好的调节作用，其中柠檬罗勒对提高梨园土壤微生物数量、土壤养分含量的综合效果最佳。

The results showed that the microbial community could degrade 39.6% of rice straw gross weight within five days. When the culture medium volume was 1/5 of the whole and pH at 6 on the 5 days culture, the CMC reached the highest of 14 IUml^(-1). During the rice straw degradation, more than ten kinds of products were detected using GCMS. DGGE detected the dynamic change of microbial community composition, and the microbial composition changed greatly in different periods. The phylogenetic tree derived from 16s rDNA sequence was found that the closest relatives belong to Clostridium sp., Brevibacillus sp., Bartonella sp.、Bacteroidetes sp.

5d后稻秆总减重量达到39.6%，在培养基占总体积1/5、pH=6、培养第5天时纤维素内切酶活性表现最高，达到14IUml^(-1)；培养过程中发酵液中有10余种挥发性产物，且不同时期产物的种类和浓度变化很大，从DGGE图谱发现在培养不同时期菌种组成有很大差异，通过各条带近缘种16s rDNA扩增信息构建系统树可见，各条带近缘种分别归属Clostridium、Brevibacillus、Bartonella、Bacteroidetes4个属。

The anti-microbial activity of active materials against valsa mail,fusarium oxysporum,coniothyrium diplodieua and aspergillus nidulans were measured in vitro.the results showed that active materials extracted using acetone,aether and petroleum ether presented fungistasis to different extent on the four pathogenic fungi and had the best effect to coniothyrium diplodieua.active material extracted using ethanol presented certain anti-microbial effect to fusarium oxysporum.the results also showed there were anti-microbial active material in the leaves of cichorium intybus and founded a base on the research and application.

然后以提取液为供试药剂，对苹果腐烂病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、葡萄白腐病菌、构巢曲霉病菌4种植物病原真菌进行离体活性测定。结果表明：丙酮、乙醚、石油醚的提取液对4种病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用，其中对葡萄白腐病菌抑制效果最好；乙醇的提取液对枯萎病菌具有一定的抑制作用。表明菊苣叶中存在抑菌活性成分，补充了菊苣抑菌活性的研究内容，为该种植物抑菌活性成分的研究和应用奠定基础。

In order to know the compositions of microbial community in the air-dried duck products, and then lay foundations for making clear the close connections between microbial categories, amount and their functional mechanism, traditional microbial classification and identification methods were carried out to analyze the culturable microorganism in the air-dried duck samples.

为探讨四川风鸭产品中微生物区系的构成，采用传统微生物分类鉴定法，对风鸭中的可培养微生物进行了分类统计，并对其中18株球菌菌株初步分类鉴定到属。

4Relation between siol microbial diversity and enviromental facters There is a moderate relationship between Soil microbial diversity and organic matter;and a week relationship between soil microbial diversity and soil moisture.

4土壤微生物多样性与环境因子的关系土壤微生物多样性与土壤有机质之间存在中度相关关系；与水分之间的关系表现为弱的相关关系，与植物群落呈负的弱相关。

3The study on the diversity of soil microbial community of Pinus bunging Zucc.et Endl 20 diferent microbial community in the soil were analyzed and compared by species richness index,diversity index and evenness index.The result showed that Species Composition,Quantity Variation and Bio-diversities ect.of soil microbial community differed.

3白皮松土壤微生物群落多样性研究运用丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数对不同生境的土壤微生物进行分析比较，结果表明，分布在20个样地的微生物各自组成了相应的群落，群落内属的种类、数量组成、多样性、均匀性等都是不同的。

I was just taking her hand, to help her out of a car, and I knew it.

我只是握着她的手，扶她下车，但我知道这一切。

China and South Korea have excoriated Japan over its approval of new school books which they say whitewash the atrocities committed during Japanese occupation, and anti-Japanese protests have been held in Chinese cities. The lingering bitterness over Japan's past imperialism still threatens to mar relations between the big East Asian powers

中国和韩国强烈谴责日本通过新的中学历史教科书，他们认为这一教科书掩盖了日本在其占领期间所犯下的残酷暴行，反日抗议活动在中国数座城市发生，历史上日本帝国主义制造的痛楚无法被忘却，这有可能破坏东亚强国间的关系。