查询词典 metaphors

In the book " Metaphors We Live By ", George Lakoff and Mark Johnson describe how metaphors shape understanding, and the ways in which metaphors simultaneously reveal and obfuscate the world around us.

在《人类赖以生存的隐喻》一书中，George Lakoff和Mark Johnson讲述了隐喻塑造我们理解世界的方式，以及隐喻揭示与混淆我们身边世界的方式。

It includes the review of traditional objectivist theories of meaning and the discovery of the discrimination of conventional metaphors from novel metaphors.

尤其它基於大量语料研究，所获得关於概念性隐喻的系统性及融贯性结果，更是值得隐喻研究学界重视并进一步探索。

For example, it is the metaphor GOOD IS UP that makes "good" plus "up" form top-grade, the metaphor BAD IS DOWN that makes "low" plus "bad" form inferior.4. Based on the weakness of Lakoffian conceptual theory in interpreting spatial metaphors, we propose an interpreting means-metaphorical force, which is much easier to make clear how metaphors are formed between two domains.Based on Lakoffian conceptual metaphor theory and through analyzing Chinese spatial metaphors and their metaphorical extensions, we put forward with an interpreting method-metaphorical force. By applying the interpreting means to analyze Chinese spatial terms used in temporal representations as well as in Chinese appellations, we conclude that such interpreting method is a persuadable explaining theory and an able analyzing method to describe working mechanism of metaphor.

针对Lakoff方位概念隐喻理论在解释汉语方位隐喻的不足，我们通过对汉语方位概念隐喻拓展的具体分析，提出方位隐喻力这一解释概念，同时运用Antu6ano特征选择理论和Boers变化参数理论分析了影响隐喻力大小的因素，从而为准确描述汉语方位隐喻工作的内部机制，得出一种更为有说服力的解释理论和切实可行的分析方法。

From a big number of lexical evidences carefully chosen from the metaphor corpus---metalude, which is built up by Andrew Goatly, this thesis studies lexicalized metaphors with the bottom-up method, offering a general frame of lexical metaphor in an answer to questions like how lexicalized metaphors are organized in an organic system, how lexicalized metaphors finally find their position in the dictionary, how they structure English lexicon and how lexicalized metaphors are represented in different word-classes.

首先阐明了词汇隐喻的定义，重要性及其语料库的研究价值，并从Andrew Goatly创建的英语隐喻语料库---metalude中选取大量词汇实例试图解答英语词汇隐喻构建英语词汇的途径，在此基础上进一步分析了词汇隐喻与名词，动词，及其它词类的关系。最后分别从英语词汇隐喻和一词多义，以及语义模糊的关系角度进一步论证了词汇隐喻在推动语言发展中的不可磨灭的作用。

Metaphors have different expressions in cognitive and systematic-functional linguistics, which are conceptual metaphors and ideational metaphors.

在认知和系统功能语言学中概念隐喻有着不同的表达形式和理解。

Chapter 5, from a cognitive point of view and integrating the analytical points covered in the previous chapters, examines the metaphoric nature of intentional humor which serves in a sub-discourse as ideational and/or interpersonal means of rhetoric under the global discourse of public speaking, with case analyses of such humorous metaphors, standard or non-standard, at the word, sentence, and discourse levels as well as at the meta-level, and with the idea of resemblance proximity to classify humorous metaphors into synecdochic, metonymic and metaphorical types.

第五章从认知语义的角度并结合前三章的分析来讨论公众演说者有意幽默的隐喻性，考察标准和非标准幽默隐喻在词汇、句子、话语层面以及在元层面的表现，并结合演说语料的个案分析考察幽默隐喻作为次话语在演说整体话语中所达到的概念修辞和人际修辞效果。基于隐喻的相似度，本章还将幽默隐喻进一步分类为借代性幽默、换喻性幽默，和隐喻性幽默。

By reclassifying the related lexicalized metaphors selected from Metalude and analyzing these lexicalized metaphors respectively according to the classification, this thesis demonstrates the correctness of the interrelated theories, and probes into the pertinent features and conceptualization of the metaphor ANGER IS HEAT.

通过对从Metalude中收集的大量的相关语料进行再分类，并根据分类逐一进行分析，论证了所用理论的正确性，探讨了&愤怒是热&这个隐喻的相关特性及其建构。

The research is carried out in the following steps: firstly, authentic synaesthetic metaphors of English and Chinese are collected from the above mentioned poetic materials; secondly, synaesthetic metaphors drawn from the materials (516 English instances and 510 Chinese instances) are grouped into sub-categories according to different source-target collocations of the synaesthetic transfer; finally, from the statistics, the universalities and peculiarities of synaesthesia in English and Chinese will be elicited, upon which further analysis and discussion are grounded.

研究首先从上述诗歌作品中搜集整理出真实的英汉语通感语料，然后依照通感隐喻的源域和目的域之间不同的搭配关系和迁移方向对语料进行分类统计，最终根据统计结果(英语通感隐喻516例，汉语通感隐喻510例)归纳出英汉语通感认知模式的共有规律及各自特点，并对之进行深入的分析与讨论。

In addition, metonymy is taken as the crucial bases for metaphors, and relative metonymies are also taken as crucial bases for cognitive transfer to serve as metaphors, such as EMOTION IS PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT and EMOTION IS BEHAVIORAL REACTION.

除此之外，本文将转喻和隐喻同样视为认知转换的重要来源，因此，由转喻机制而来的认知转换又包含：情绪是生理反应以及情绪是行为反应，也纳入隐喻的表现来讨论。

It is assumed that metaphors and metonymies are to a large extent culture-specific because the domains of experience are not necessarily the same in all cultures; that by investigating the conceptual metaphors rooted in a certain culture we can find out the conceptual system underlying the culture and understand the essence of the culture.

本文认为由于在不同文化中经验域不尽一致，隐喻和换喻在很大程度上与文化相关，通过考察某一文化中的概念隐喻，我们能发现该文化的概念系统并理解该文化的精髓。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。