查询词典 manufacturing process

During the intermissive fed-batch process, the feeding medium was added 10 times separately to make the total amount of C and N sources equal to those added in the batch process, and the yield of maduramicin was improved to 9645 μgmL^(-1), which is 15.7% higher than that obtained during the batch process. In the continuous fed-batch process, the maduramicin yield reaches 10328 μgmL^(-1), which is 6.0% higher than that obtained in the intermissive fed-batch process, and is 29.4% higher than that obtained in the batch process.

在间歇补料分批发酵工艺中，分10次补加培养基，使碳、氮源的总浓度与分批发酵相同，马杜霉素发酵单位提高到9645μgmL^(-1)，比分批发酵提高了15.7%；在连续补料分批发酵工艺中，马杜霉素发酵单位可达10328μgmL^(-1)，比间歇补料分批发酵提高了6.0%，比分批发酵提高了29.4%。

The results showed high class PbSt2 could be synthesized by this new saponifying process.Compared with metathetical process,the reaction time shortened,liquid-solid ratio and moisture content of filter cake decreased.Powder product could be prepared by one-step process,and particle product by two-step process.For the optimum processing conditions,the reaction temperature and time for one-step process were 65℃ and 10min,the amount of alkali added in the first step was 50%;reaction temperture and time were 65℃ and 10min for the two-step process.

结果表明，用皂化法工艺可得到优等品PbSt2，较复分解工艺，反应时间缩短、液-固比降低、滤饼湿含量比减小，一步式工艺得到粉状产品，二步式工艺得到颗粒状产品；最佳工艺条件为：一步式工艺反应温度65℃，反应时间10min；二步式工艺第一步的加碱量比50%，反应温度65℃，反应时间10min。

In this paper, two assemblies of special test equipments have been designed and fabricated by authors in our laboratory: namely Catalyst Molding Process Analyzer and Catalyst Mechanical Process Tester. These new skills are developed for the dynamic studies on whole mold forming process and crushing process of Fe-Cr WGHS catalyst pellet. Based on the orthogonal experimental design, the effects of some factors during the forming process of solid catalyst, such as predensification proportion, calcination time, calcination temperature and content of graphite on the mechanical strength of catalyst pellets are systematically examined, and the molding conditions have been optimized. Based on the experimental data, the relationship between catalyst density and forming pressure are educed, and the physical significances of some related parameters are described. The parameter of macro scopic elastic moduls has been suggested to character the mechanical properties of molding catalyst. The effects of molding pressure on mechanical properties of catalyst pellets are discussed, and results show that there exists a optimal molding pressure for the ideal mechanical properties: when over-high or over-low pressure is applied, the specific surface area and side crushing strength of catalyst pellets will decreased. The "rebound effect" will be undermined by the unsuitable pressure maintain process, resulting in the apparent decrease of mechanical strength of catalyst pellets.

本研究通过自行设计制造的催化剂模压成型过程分析仪（Catalyst Molding Process Analyzer， CMPA）和催化剂力学性质测试仪（Catalyst Mechanical Properties Tester， CMPT），以Fe-Cr系高温变换催化剂片剂为研究对象，对成型过程和受压破碎过程提供了全过程动态研究的新手段；本研究利用正交实验设计方法考察了固体催化剂成型过程中诸因素（包含预密致比例、煅烧时间、煅烧温度和石墨含量等）对催化剂成型体强度的影响，并对成型条件进行了优化；根据实验结果，关联确定了固体催化剂成型过程中的密度－压力关系式，并对方程中诸因子的物理意义进行了描述；提出了一种利用宏观弹性模量来表征成型催化剂的力学性质的方法；研究讨论了成型压力对催化剂成型体强度性质的影响，结果表明：对于催化剂成型体的强度和比表面性质，成型压力存在着一个最佳值，过高的成型压力会导致比表面积和侧压强度的降低；不适当的成型压力的维持时间会破坏&压力回弹&作用，造成催化剂成型体的机械强度明显降低。

A integrated mathematical model was established in accordance with the process of metallurgical production and it was composed of the process models and the raw materials distribution models. The process models include the sintering process model, the pelleting process model and the iron making process model.

数学模型分为6个子模型，其中工艺模型有烧结机优化模型、竖炉优化模型、高炉优化模型，物料配置模型有铁精粉优化配置模型，烧结矿优化配置模型和球团矿优化配置模型，模型之间交互的数据流为原料或产品的物料流量、物料性能、价格及原料性能的影子价格。

At present, the international sanitary hardware manufacturing industry shift to China is taking shape, this shift is expected in the next 5-10 years will enter a process of rapid growth in the future, China will become the world's largest and most important manufacturing base for sanitary hardware.

目前，国际卫浴五金制造行业向中国转移的趋势正在形成，预计这种转移在未来5到10年内将进入一个快速增长的过程，未来中国将成为全球最大、最重要的卫浴五金制造基地。

Electrical discharge machining as a nontraditional machining method can machining any kind of electrical conductive material by pulsed discharge process which erodes electrode materials. Because of its processing quality independence of part shape and material mechanical properties such as hardness, strength and toughness, EDM becomes one kind of basilic machining means and is playing an important role in the field of modern manufacturing, especially in mould manufacturing industry.

电火花加工技术通过放电蚀除材料，实现对任意导电性材料加工，而不受材料硬度、强度、韧性等力学性能及形状的限制，成为制造技术领域中重要的加工手段，在现代制造领域，特别是模具制造领域占据着重要的地位。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component.For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material .distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper.For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space stateinformatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision.Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为(n-1)维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料(单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待)、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

Therefore studying a kind of management model which can satisfy customer special ,characteristic demanding and makes the manufacturing corporation keep up with the changefully and dynamic state of the market with intelligent reaction become more and more urgent. Based on the thought which oriented to the product-developing process, in order to make the manufacturing corporation carry out to develop a kind of new product with the shorter development period and lower the product cost, a model which makes the product be produced and assembled easily is given.

因此研究一种面向产品开发过程的项目管理模式，来实现用较短的开发周期开发出形式多样的、低成本和易于生产与装配的产品，使得企业自我调整变化的速度跟上市场变化的速度，提高企业及其产品的应变力和市场竞争力，具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。

Furthermore, a manufacturing resource definer is developed, which is consisted with general rule dealing programme and rule database, then a process planning-oriented manufacturing resource rapidly defining tool based on Internet is implemented.

在此基础上，构造了由通用规则处理程序和规则库组成的制造资源定制器，实现了基于Internet面向工艺设计的制造资源快速定制。

This paper designs the communication system of radio telescope FAST.

针对500m口径球面射电望远镜FAST分布式控制系统的特点完成了其通信系统的设计。

Political sheep's step-by-step a large number of fossils unearthed in the county soil Ma Ali after rural village in the middle of sallow pelitic siltstone.

步氏和政羊化石大量出土于广河县阿力麻土乡后山村，产于灰黄色泥质粉砂岩中。