查询词典 input characteristics

The analysis of the optical signal transmission characteristics and the physical parameters provides the theoretical foundation for optimizing the design and improving the performance of AWG; and the optimizing design numerical value calculation method solves the complex problem of the optimizing design of the AWG, it can also provide a way for AWG computer aided design system; the AWG optical signal processing analysis provide a way for optical signal Fourier transform, serial and parallel transmission, circle shift, matrix transform and differential processing; the optical signal processing characteristics of AWG develop AWG to use for new field, and the optical signal processing will play an important role on all-optical networks in the future; by the definition of the wavelength transform matrix of the AWG, the signal output positions that come from these input signals of the different wavelength or the same wavelength but the different input ports and carrying different signals can be accurately determined, and the wavelength transmission matrix plays an important role for analyzing the routing of the complex optical network, or designing the network nodes such as the optical path add/drop multiplexer and optical cross connect device; the wavelength transmission matrix also provides a method for monitoring and managing the wavelength transmission of the optical network nodes; e analysis of the AWG' OXC node structure and wavelength routing provides a way for realizing the OXC, especially for multi-path/multi-wavelength OXC and the intelligence node of the optical networks; by the studying of the control plain characteristics, router, traffic engineering, program and the improved arithmetic of the wavelength routing, the method for realizing the GMPLS' OXC optical transport network is provided, and it play an important role for the study of the automatic switched optical network; the time-frequency analysis can provide more information about the dispersion and energy changes of .the pulsed light transmission in the singlemode fiber, it also provides more useful parameters for analyzing the dispersive accumulating and dispersive compensating.

AWG光信号传输特性与相关参数的分析，为进一步优化设计AWG及提高其性能提供了理论依据，而优化设计计算数值方法解决了AWG优化设计计算的复杂问题，为进一步建立AWG的计算机设计系统提供了基础；AWG光信号处理的特性分析，提出了AWG应用的新领域，为光信号的傅立叶变换、串并传输、循环移位、矩阵变换、微分处理等提供了一条途径；波长传输矩阵变换关系的建立，不仅得到了确定多路AWG每路信号从输入端口到输出端口的准确输出位置的方法，而且在分析应用AWG实现复杂的光通信网络路由的连接、特别在设计分插复用器和交叉连接器等网络节点时有重要的作用，能有效而准确地确定波长的路由关系，为实现节点波长传输路由的监控和管理提供有效手段；基于AWG的OXC结构和波长路由的确定为实现OXC技术、特别是多路多波长的OXC和光网络的智能节点技术提供了有效的方法；控制平面的特征、路由器、流量工程、程序及改进的波长路由算法的研究实现了基于GMPLS的OXC光传送网络的控制平面，为建立自动交换光网路提供了一定的基础；时频分析可以更直观和更清晰地描述脉冲信号在单模光纤中传输色散和能量的变化，为色散积累和色散补偿提供有效的分析参数。

This article builds a measure system of financier behavior which competence characteristics, knowledge characteristics, experience characteristics, ideological and morality quality, psychology characteristics, physiological characteristics, individual basic characteristics, leading manner are included in, and suggests the calculating formula of a measure index of financier behavior.

在以上理论分析的基础上，本文初步构建了一个以激励相容和过程监管为主要原则，纳入金融家行为的包括金融监管的法律支持系统、金融监管信息系统、职业金融家制度、金融机构的内部控制以及完善的外部市场约束机制的金融监管体系。

Therefore, the exact relation between the unbalanced input voltage and the noncharacteristic harmonics of the output voltage in the 12-pulse rectifier system is obtained. In addition, the relation between the input current and the imbalance of the input voltage is obtained, which could help to choose the filter elements and exactly analyze the characteristics of the no controlled rectifier circuit.

利用精确的开关函数，推导了多脉波整流系统输入不平衡电压与输出电压非特征谐波的精确关系，进而得到电阻、电感负载时系统输入电流与输入电压不平衡度的关系，为精确地选择滤波元件做了有意义的探索。

With the support of a major research grant of Zhejiang Province (No. 001101027) and the Plan of Promoting Education of Excellence of Zhejiang University in the 21st Century, this dissertation is devoted to address the above problems and fabricate an L-band EDFA with low cost, high performance and technological innovation.First the mechanism of an erbium doped fiber amplifier is introduced. Various theoretical models based on classical rate propagation equations are summarized and compared for their applications. We use a modified numerical model based on the Giles model, which agrees with the experimental results well. This serves as the theoretical base for the whole thesis and will be used to optimize the characteristics of EDFAs. A novel method based on a map of noise figure and gain is proposed to analyze efficiently the dependence of the noise figure and gain for EDFAs on the EDF length and the pump power. The characteristics of various EDFAs are studied and compared.Secondly, some important parameters are introduced to describe the characteristics of EDFAs. The methods and the experimental setups for measuring the gain and noise figure of an EDFA are emphasized. We introduce how to measure the characteristics of each component of an EDFA, especially the gain and absorption coefficient of an erbium doped fiber.Thirdly, four types of simple and novel L-band EDFA structures with low noise, high gain and low gain ripple are proposed to satisfy the requirement of a DWDM system. They can be classified into two categories. In the first category, a single ASE pumping is served asa secondary pump. This category includes the following three types. Type: a new construction using a fiber Bragg grating in an unpumped EDF section at the input side. Type: a new structure of L-Band EDFA with two-stage pumps, which utilizes the forward ASE as a second pump.

本论文本着科技创新、服务于生产实践的精神，以设计价格低廉，性能优越、结构合理简单的L-band EDFA为目标，依托浙江省科技厅重大科学基金资助项目(001101027)和浙江大学振兴教育计划资助的全光网络的搭建—《光通信技术》课程实验建设项目，展开了如下工作：首先，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理，归纳总结了基于速率方程基础的EDFA的各种理论模型，分析比较了各个模型的特点和适用场合，最终选择完善的Giles理论模型作为本论文分析设计EDFA的理论基础；针对实际实验条件提出了修正的EDFA模型的数值计算方法；创新地提出了增益—噪声系数全局分析法，直观有效地分析了EDFA的增益和噪声系数与掺铒光纤长度和泵浦功率的依赖关系，并对各种EDFA的性能作了全面的比较；第二，介绍了掺铒光纤放大器特性参数的定义与测量方法，重点介绍了噪声系数和增益系数的测量方法及实验装置；介绍了组成掺铒光纤放大器各组件的特性测量方法，重点介绍了测量掺铒光纤参数的方法和实验装置；第三，针对WDM系统对L-band EDFA谱平坦、低噪声、高增益的要求，我们创新地提出了四种不同的L-band EDFA结构，按设计思路可以分为两大类：一类是基于单抽运二级泵浦法，这一类包括在未泵浦掺铒光纤的输入端插入一根布拉格光纤光栅的两段L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于前向ASE光作为二级泵浦源推动下一级EDF工作的泵浦分配、两段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构；基于单根光纤光栅、泵浦分配、两段级联的EDFA；另一类则是基于同时应用前后向C-band ASE作二级泵浦源的双抽运法，如基于前后向ASE光作为二级泵浦源的三段级联L-band的EDFA的新结构。

The full article divides into four parts. The first part is focusingon Shang De Yi, the composer's whole life and his achievementintroduction. The second part carries on the analytical research to hiswork's characteristics, including his work's theme choice characteristics,the cantus personality characteristics, several ...更多counterpoint skillmethods characteristics, the song type structure characteristics andthen several aspects of coloratura special features. The third partmainly investigates the esthetics values from analyses the work Thelast part summarizes the composer's creations experiences and theauthor's feelings and enlightens

全文共有四部分，第一部分，作曲家尚德义的生平及创作成就介绍，第二部分对他的作品特点进行分析研究包括他作品的题材选择特点、旋律性格特点、多声技法特点、曲式结构特点和作品的花腔特色几方面进行分析研究；第三部分主要是从分析其作品来考察其所体现的美学思想和原则，第四部分结语，总结作曲家的创作经验及写作本文的感受和启示。

With its unique location as the main artery for traffic and trade in southwest China from time immemorial, the south " Silk Road " and the transfer station of " Ancient Tea Horse Route " from Tibet to, Lijiang plays an important role in transmitting flows of trades from central China to southeast Asia and communications between Chinese culture and foreign culture and keeps numerous historical cultural heritages here: Lijiang Ancient City with a reputation of " Plateau Gusu " and " Eastern Venice " firstly estabilished in Nansong Dynasty, protected completely and operated energetically now with national characteristics and local characteristics; Mu ' s Residence called the " Concretionary Ancient Naxi Music ", which was Mu ' s hereditary local office in Lijiang and rebuilt as the ancient town museum in 1998; and numerous ancient temples including Wenfeng Temple, Fuguo Temple, Puji Temple and Yufeng Temple etc. combined with central Chinese culture and local national culture and influenced by Tibetan cultural characteristics; the Baisha Mural with magic Dongba culture taking Naxi ancient religion as carrier and Dongba Classics as the main record manner and reflecting the unique national cultural history of Naxi minority with the only living Dongba hieroglyph in the world and the integration of Taoism, Han Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and Dongba culture, which becomes the state-level key protected cultural site; and those national culture and national traditional art with abundant cultural content, including Baisha residential buildings and Shuhe residential buildings with long history and unique characteristics and Moso folklore still with matriclan characteristics at Lugu Lake bank, which compiles a colorful article for civilizations.

由于区位独特，丽江自古以来就是我国西南交通贸易大动脉南方"丝绸之路"和由西藏入境的"茶马古道"的中转站，为中原至东南亚南来北往的贸易和沟通中原文化和外来文化影响的传送发挥了重要的作用，同时也在这里留下了众多的历史文化遗存：有始建于南宋，到现今也保护完好，运转鲜活，富有民族特点和地方特色，有"高原姑苏"、"东方威尼斯"美誉的丽江古城；有原为丽江世袭土司木氏衙署、1998年重建后改为古城博物院，被称为"凝固的纳西古乐"的木府，以及可见中原文化与地方民族文化结合，并受到藏族文化特征影响的文峰寺、福国寺、普济寺、玉峰寺等众多的古建寺观；神奇的东巴文化以纳西族古老的宗教为载体，以东巴经书为主要记录方式，反映了纳西族独特的民族文化历史，世界上唯一"活着的"东巴象形文字，融道教、汉佛教、藏传佛教以及东巴文化为一体，成为研究明代艺术奇珍的国家级重点保护文物白沙壁画；历史悠久、独具特色的白沙民居建筑群、束河民居建筑群，以及泸沽湖畔仍具有母系氏族特征的摩梭风情等具有丰富文化内涵的民族文化和民族传统艺术，为人类文明史留下了灿烂的篇章。

The article refers to the rules of arising subject "Comparative Music "in the west and analyze comparatively one by one on five parts or eighteen aspects , The contents of words ,writing style, setting, Literature characteristics, musical characteristics, lyric characteristics formative characteristics, descriptive characteristics, histrionic, melody rhythmicity, harmonic beauty, structure beauty, artificial beauty, colour beauty, time beauty, socialinfluence, opinion on society ,as soon, then demonstrate and appraise it on the aspects of aesthetics and artistic.

作者风格、创作背景；歌词的文学性、音乐性；作品的抒情性、造型性、描绘性、戏剧性；音乐的旋律美、节奏美、和声美、结构美、技巧美、风格美、时代美；社会影响、历史评价等五大部分18个方面逐一进行了比较性分析研究，从美学和艺术学的高度，对其进行了论述和评价。

The admissible input of 2-D linear discrete singular general model is discussed more deeply, some very effective new criteria for the 2-D singular general model to accept all the input sequence have been developed, and a new algorithm that determines the admissible input sequence of the 2-D singular systems has been proposed.

在线性广义2-D系统可解性方面，首先研究了线性广义2-D连续—离散系统的可解性问题，给出了可解的条件，并给出了等价的判别条件；其次深入研究了线性广义2-D离散系统的允许输入序列问题，给出了系统接受所在区域上的所有输入的新的非常有效的判别方法以及确定系统允许输入序列的新的方法。

The invention relates to an arbitration method of exchange network, wherein each input buffer inputs one exchange request to arbitrator; based on exchange allowance, building connection allowance with relative output unit; on the idle input buffer and output unit without connection, arbitrator uses random distribution to build one-to-one connection with all input buffer and output unit.

本发明提供了一种交换网络的仲裁实现方法，该方法中，每个输入缓存每次向仲裁器仅需提一个交换请求，然后根据交换许可与对应的输出单元建立连接认可，对于未建立连接认可的空闲输入缓存和输出单元，仲裁器按照公平性原则，采取随机分配的机制，使得交换网络的所有输入缓存和输出单元间均能建立一一对应的连接。

Connection Panel: One DVI port, one VGA input, one VGA monitor pass-through, one composite video, one s-video, one USB port for mouse control, one RJ-45 wired networking port, one 1/8" audio input, one L/R RCA audio input, one 1/8" audio output, one RS-232 port, Kensington lock point.

连接面板：一个DVI端口，一个VGA输入，一个VGA监视器传递，一个复合视频，一个S端子，一个USB端口的鼠标控制，一个使用RJ - 45有线网络端口，一个1 / 8 "音频输入，一个左/右的RCA音频输入，一个1 / 8 "的音频输出，一个RS - 232端口，肯辛顿锁点。

I had a lovely dog named PiPi, he was one of my best friends.

我曾经有过一只小狗，它的名字叫皮皮，它很善良，它是我最忠实的朋友。

Newly ovulated mouse oocytes were cultured in the CZB medium supplemented with different concentrations of pyruvate before treated for activation or assayed for MPF activity.

我们猜测卵母细胞在不含丙酮酸的条件下老化的更快，并且卵丘细胞可能通过消耗不含葡萄糖的CZB中的丙酮酸从而促进卵母细胞老化。