查询词典 injective object

Finally, it shows that R is von Neumann regular ring if and only if every right .R-module is right pm-injective if and only if every right principal right ideal of R is right pm-injective if and only if every essential right ideal of R is right pm-injective. Furthermore, some good properties are obtained.

最后，得到R是von Neumann正则环当且仅当每个右R-模是右pm-内射当且仅当R的每个主右理想是右pm-内射当且仅当R的每个本质右理想是右pm-内射，以及其他诸多好的性质。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

The ann-injective rings start at the angle of annihilator,at the same time,the CT-injective rings start at the angle of cycle tortionless modules.

在第三章，我们引入了CT -内射维数的概念，从维数的角度来更进一步地认识CT -内射。

Moreover, we define weak principally quasi-injective modules and study Jacobson radical of endomorphism ring of weak principally quasi-injective modules.

另外我们还在主拟内射R-模的基础上定义了弱主拟内射R-模，利用零化子对弱主拟内射模上自同态环的Jacobson根的性质进行了讨论。

A ring R is called right co-semihereditary if every finitely cogenerated factor module of a finitely cogenerated injective right R-module is injective.

如果有限余生成内射右R-模的有限余生成商模是内射的，则R称为右余半遗传的。

So in chapter 2, we use P-flat and P-injective modules to characterize some important rings, like SF-rings, Von Neumann regular rings and Coherent rings, etc. In chapter 3, we introduce the homological dimension of P-flat and P-injective modules.

众所周知，正是由于研究各类模以及它们的同调维数，人们才能对环得到更深层次的性质的描述，所以在第二章中，我们就利用了P-平坦模与P-内射模来刻划几种重要的环，如SF环、Von Neumann正则环、凝聚环等。

Secondly, the equivalence proposition of right pm-injective ring is obtained, and if R is right pm-injective ring, then the Jacobson radical of R coincide with the right singular ideal.

其次，得到右pm-内射环的一个等价命题，并证明若R是右pm-内射环，则R的Jacobson根与R的右奇异理想相等。

In recently years, much progress about injective modules has been obtained, particulary about injective test sets and homological dimensions.

近年来，对内射模的研究已经取得了许多令人鼓舞的进展，特别是内射测试集和同调维数的研究。

On the base of the concept, we give the Schanual Lemma about weak injective modules and discuss the properties of the homomorphisms which can be extended in weak injective modules.

Kerβ的β∈Hom_R，都存在γ∈Hom_R使得β=γα成立，则称T为N-弱内射R-模，且称α为T与M的相伴同态。在此定义的基础上我们给出了弱内射模的Schanuel引理，讨论了弱内射模中能进行开拓的同态的性质。

By measuring missile movement inertia with torsion pendulum, the influences of periodic measurement error, systemic damp, period of swing object and corporative period of t he measured object and swinging object were analyzed. The relation among measurement error of movement inertia, measureme nt period, the period of swing object,corporaˉ tive period of tested object and swing object was proved. The maxi mal ratio between movement inertia for swinging obˉ ject and the measured object under conditions of different errors w as given under typical measurement precision.

通过扭摆测量导弹转动惯量的方法，分析了周期测量误差、系统阻尼、摆动体周期以及被测件和摆动体共摆周期对转动惯量测量精度的影响，得出转动惯量测量误差和周期测量误差、摆动体摆动周期、被测件和摆动体共摆周期之间的关系，给出了在典型的测量精度要求，不同的周期测量误差情况下，摆动体转动惯量和被测件转动惯量之间的最大比值。

Chinese traditional virtue is humility and wariness,the compliment and praise to the others should be declination

中国人的传统美德是谦虚谨慎，对别人的恭维和夸奖应是推辞。如

We bought this house on the never-never.

我们以分期付款的方式买下这座房子。