查询词典 initial cost

The cost of each SmartTAG with Touch 'n Go card is assumed to be at RM75 and the deposit for the tag is RM20. The initial capital cost for providing SmartTAG would be high but if the distribution is done in stages, this would alleviate the strain on the company.The implementation of all lanes using SmartTAG would also reduce the company's staff cost and overhead (air conditioning at workplace, cashier machine) for ticket collection and receipt of money.

我们预计每个附有一触即通卡的精明通行器的成本是75令吉，而抵押金是20令吉，提供精明通行器的初始成本可能较高，但若分阶段进行反将减轻公司的压力与此同时，此措施也能减少公司的人资成本及开支如工作场所冷氣设备、收銀机等，然后把相关的工作人员转移其他部门，例如在休息站设立加额柜台，或处理行政工作。

It includes as follows:(1) That the right acceptance probability to decide the initial value temperature should be 0.6 are presented by experiment. For the first time, crossover and mutation operator are used in populations to calculate the initial value of temperature. At least the initial value of temperature is 〓.(2) Replacing random change operator with crossover and mutation operators.

2使用遗传算法中交配与突变代替模拟退火算法中随机扰动操作，对两种操作方法进行定性分析，得到突变和交配操作与随机扰动方法在本质上的一致性；同时首次提出在不同温度条件下，使用不同的比例因子，控制参与交配与突变的基因位数，实现了二次使用模拟退火算法的过程。

Under the conditions of stir speeds 400 r·min~(-1) and distance between anode and cathode 1 mm, by using the orthogonal design, the optimum technological conditions were found that the current density was 0.3 A·cm~(-2), initial NaOH concentration in catholyte was 50 g·L~(-1), reaction times of two steps were all theoretical electrochemical reaction times. In the first electrosynthesis, initial Na_2CrO_4 concentration in anolyte was 650 g·L~(-1), and reaction temperature was 80℃. In the second electrosynthesis, initial Na_2Cr_2O_7 concentration in anolyte was 700 g·L~(-1), and reaction temperature was 85℃.

324全氟磺酸增强复合阳离子交换膜、阴阳极液中搅拌速度均为400r·min~(-1)条件下，通过正交实验得到优化工艺条件为：电流密度0.3A·cm~(-2)，阴极液氢氧化钠初始浓度50g·L~(-1)，两步反应时间均为理论电催化反应时间，第一步阳极液铬酸钠初始浓度650g·L~(-1)，反应温度80℃，第二步阳极液重铬酸钠初始浓度700g·L~(-1)，反应温度85℃。

To reduce the sensitivity of conjugate initial values, the initial values of control variables are used to replace the initial values of conjugate variables based on the transformation between conjugation variables and control variables.

为了降低共轭变量初值选取的敏感性，引入共轭变量与控制变量之间的变换，用控制变量初值代替了共轭变量初值。

Based on the theory of large eddy simulation and the method of VOF , the initial breakup process of fuel liquid jet, which eject from the nozzle exit at the time scale of micro-second level, is investigated. The mechanism of primary atomization is analyzed, and the initial breakup model of liquid jet is presented. By modeling and numerical simulation of atomization for a diesel nozzle under the given conditions, the initial umbrella-like spray shapes are obtained, which fits better with the experimental results. Meanwhile, the droplets secondary breakup process, such as leeward RT breakup, dumbbell-like breakup and droplets coalescence, etc. are exhibited visually.

基于大涡模拟LES理论和VOF方法，考察了燃油喷雾初始时刻即时间尺度为微秒级的液柱破碎过程，分析了初始破碎的机理，给出了该时间尺度下液柱初始破碎过程的模型；通过对一特定条件下的柴油机喷油器的建模和喷雾过程的大涡数值模拟，获得了液柱初始时刻"伞状头部"的喷雾形态，所得计算结果与相应的试验数据符合较好；数值模拟还直观地展现了液滴背风RT破碎、哑铃型破碎以及液滴的聚集融合等液滴的二次雾化过程。

In the invention, according to the channel selected by user, the client side determines the media server corresponding to the channel and the father node of the client side in the P2P system; according to the correlative information of the father node, the client side determines the initial fragment group ID of current process, and sends a request message for requesting the data of the channel to the media server; said request message contains said initial fragment group ID; said client side receives the channel data sent from the media server based on the initial fragment group ID, and receives the channel data sent from each father node.

本发明涉及互联网技术领域，尤其涉及一种网络通信数据处理方法、网络通信系统及客户端，用以减少选定频道的播放延迟。在本发明中，客户端根据用户选定的频道确定对应的媒体服务器及该客户端在点对点系统中的父节点；该客户端根据父节点的相关信息确定本次数据处理的起始分片组标识，并向该媒体服务器发送请求该频道数据的消息，该消息中携带该起始分片组标识；该客户端接收该媒体服务器根据该起始分片组标识发送的该频道的数据，且接收各父节点发送的该频道的数据。

Select steam initial temperature from 535℃to 660℃, and initial pressure form16 MPa to 34 MPa, We choose 494 sets of different steam properties in the selected sphere. Making the 494 sets of parameters basing points, We program and analyze how ideal cycle efficiency and relative cycle efficiency and absolute cycle efficiency vary with steam initial properties .

选定蒸汽初温从535℃到660℃，蒸汽初压从16MPa到34MPa范围内的494组不同的蒸汽初参数组，以这些初参数组为基点，编制程序，研究分析了机组理想循环热效率，汽轮机相对内效率，绝对内效率随初参数变化的规律。

Based on the disparate characteristics in multi-scale fractal dimension between the stable phonemes and their transient region, a simple and effective Initial/Final segmentation method is developed, not only with high performance in sonant Initial and zero Initial segmentation cases but also with high adaptability without any parameter training or threshold setting.

在此基础上，利用稳定声韵母段及其之间过渡段在多尺度分形维数上的不同特性设计了一种简单而高效的汉语语音声韵母切分方法。

After the oxidative polymerization of DMP,styrene was in-situ polymerized under the initiation of dibenzoyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide,finally thermodynamically compatible PPO/PS alloy was prepared.When styrene content was 50 wt%,for the synthesized PPO/PS alloy the yield and the weight-average molecular weight were determined to be 95%and 1.7×10~5 for PPO,93%and 2.0×10~5 for PS,respectively.The influence of the concentration of DMP and catalyst,molar ratio of N/Cu, oxygen partial pressure,NaOH concentration and temperature on the initial polymerization rate(R_0) of DMP was studied.It was found that the initial polymerization rate of DMP increased with the concentration of DMP and catalyst. The initial polymerization rate increased with the molar ratio of N/Cu at first and then decreased.

通过测定DMP氧化聚合过程中氧气吸收量随时间的变化，研究了DMP和催化剂浓度、N/Cu摩尔比、氧气分压、氢氧化钠浓度及温度对水介质中DMP氧化聚合初始速率的影响，发现DMP氧化聚合初始速率与氧气分压的0.1次方成正比；DMP氧化聚合初始速率随DMP和催化剂浓度及温度的增加而增加；随氢氧化钠浓度和N/Cu摩尔比的增加DMP氧化聚合初始速率先增加后降低。

After the application of this model to the MITL-A of Sandia Z-accelerator, it is found that: the formation process of magnetical insulation leads to the increase of line current and the decrease of line voltage; If the initial line current is infinite, the terminal line voltage and current are almost the same as the initial ones; If the ratio of the terminal space-electron current to the terminal line current is less than 10%, the change of terminal line voltage and current of the MITL-A relative to the initial is less than 5%.

将模型应用于Z加速器的MITL-A发现：磁绝缘形成过程将导致线电流增加和线电压降低；如果初始时刻的线电流无限大，则终止时刻的线电压和线电流与初始时刻相同；当终止时刻的空间电子电流在线电流中的比例小于10%，则MITL-A终止时刻的线电压和线电流较初始时刻的变化在5%以内。

There had been a moment during the breakfast meeting, though, after the backslapping and the small talk and when all of us were seated, with Vice President Cheney eating his eggs Benedict impassively and Karl Rove at the far end of the table discreetly checking his BlackBerry, that I witnessed a different side of the man.

那次早餐会期间，在表示过关心和寒暄以后，我们所有人坐了下来，我注意观察了一下，副总统切尼面无表情地吃着班尼迪克蛋（Eggs benedict，源自美国，以英式松饼、火腿、水煮蛋以及荷兰酱组合而成），卡尔。罗夫在餐桌的远端谨慎地经常查看他的黑莓手机，我目睹了他所不为人知的一面。

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