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objective effects of plant tannins,chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin i on chemically induced hemoglobin synthesis in k562 cells were investigated.methods the hemoglobin synthesis situation was assayed with benzidine staining.erythroid antigens glycophorin a expression on the surface of k562 cells was labeled by direct immunofluorescence using fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-gpa antibodies.then flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect gpa expression levels on surface of the cells.results both chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin i could inhibit the hemoglobin synthesis of butyric acid and hemin-treated k562 cells in a concentration-dependant manner.however,the ba-induced k562 cells were more sensitive to two tannins than heroin-induced cells.conclusion chebulinic acid and tellimagrandin i have inhibitory effect on the erythroid differentiation.

目的 研究可水解单宁诃子酸和特里马素i对氯化高铁血红素和丁酸钠诱导k562细胞红系分化的影响。方法四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝法分析诃子酸和特里马素i对k562细胞生长的影响，联苯胺染色法检测血红蛋白合成情况，应用免疫荧光和流式细胞术检测血型糖蛋白a在细胞表面的表达。结果诃子酸和特里马素i在0.04～0.09？mmol／l浓度下均可显著抑制k562细胞的生长增殖。2种单宁化合物(0.002～0.01？mmol／l)可显著抑制丁酸钠诱导的k562细胞血红蛋白合成，2种单宁化合物(0.01～0.05？mmol／l)还可显著抑制氯化高铁血红素诱导的血红蛋白合成，特里马素i(0.01？mmol／l)还抑制丁酸钠诱导的gpa在细胞表面表达。结论诃子酸和特里马素i对红系分化有抑制作用。

It is proposed that coadministration of carbachol could prevent apoptosis and related alterations in gene expressions induced by sodium selenite just as the carbachol did in the case when apoptosis and related changes in genomic expression were induced by β-amyloid peptide. The facts suggest that apoptosis, at least that induced by two agents tested by us, might be initiated through a similar pathway.

这些结果表明，亚硒酸钠能在较早的时间诱导培养的大脑皮质神经元凋亡，且具有明显的剂量和时间依赖关系；凋亡的引起可能是以亚硒酸钠影响某些特殊基因的表达为基础，其中，c-fos、bax、P53、和bcl-表达的变化主要与细胞凋亡的早期事件有关，而AChE基因表达的增强同凋亡发展的整个过程密切相关。

In chapter four, the preperation of ytterbium diiodide was examined. The reductive cleavage of Se-Se bond and S-S bond induced by ytterbium diiodide was investigated. The reaction of diselenides and disulfides with allylic bromide promoted by ytterbium diiodide was also examined. The intermolecular Barbier-type reaction induced by ytterbium diiodide was studied. In the last section of this chapter, the intermolecular reductive coupling of nitriles with azides induced by samarium diiodide was investigated.

第四章，研究了二碘化镱的制备方法，以及二碘化镱作为一种优良的单电子转移试剂在有机合成中的应用：二硒醚的Se--Se键和二硫醚S-S键的还原断裂，及其在合成烯丙基硒醚，硒代酯和烯丙基硫醚，硫代酯中的应用，实验结果表明二碘化镱也能促进分子间的Barbier反应，而文献认为二碘化镱不能促进分子间的Barbier反应；最后研究了二碘化钐促进的叠氮化合物与腈的交叉还原偶联反应，一步高收率地制备脒的方法。

TFC could remarkably inhibit the ear edema induced by dimethylbenzene in mice at the dose of 125,250,500mg.kg~(-1), the swelling of rats hind paws induced by carrageenan and primary inflammatory reaction in AA rats at the dose of 84,168,336 mg.kg~(-1) and reduce the weight of granuloma induced by cotton in rats at the dose of 84,168,336mg.kg~(-1), respectively.

TFC的免疫调节作用体外研究发现，TFC0.005，0.05，0.5，5，50 mg·L~(-1可明显提高环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamid，Cy)诱导免疫功能低下小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应，而对正常小鼠的脾淋巴细胞增殖无明显作用。

Improvement for the dysmnesia of memory due to chronic blood deficiency in brain of rats induced by ligating the carotid arteries of two sides were observed. Results FBD can improve the dysmnesia of mice induced by scopolamine, NaNO2, and 45% ethanol significantly, also dysmnesia due to chronic blood deficiency in brain of rats induced by ligating the carotid arteries.

结果 FBD对由东莨菪碱所致的小鼠记忆获得障碍、亚硝酸钠所致的小鼠记忆巩固不良和45%乙醇所致的小鼠记忆再现障碍均有明显的改善作用；并可改善大鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎所致的慢性脑部供血不足而产生的记忆障碍。

Methods The mice were treated by ig FBD with the doses of 35, 70 and 140mg/kg for one week continuously. Effect of FBD on dysmnesia of acquired learning of mice induced by scopolamine, dysmnesia of memory retention of mice induced by NaNO2, and dysmnesia of reappearance of memory of mice induced by 45% ethanol were studied.

小鼠ig给予35、70、140mg/kg FBD，连续1周，观察FBD对东莨、莨菪碱所致小鼠记忆获得障碍、亚硝酸钠所致小鼠记忆巩固不良和45%乙醇致小鼠记忆再现障碍的影响，并观察FBD对大鼠双侧颈总动脉结扎所致的慢性脑部供血不足而产生的记忆障碍的改善作用。

Newborn hiccup caused by the three, first, as a result of improper care, exopathic cold, cold and heat and tend to reverse the air, As the saying goes, is "drinking the air-conditioning" and induced hiccup; Second, as a result of improper eating milk, fresh milk, if not controlled , the plot is not stopped, or have milk or too cold food served cold medicines are not qi, spleen and stomach function, abnormal movements of Qi Wei Qi move上逆hiccup induced diaphragm; Third, as a result of eating too fast or scared crying after eating, can also be induced by temporary hiccup choke.

新生儿打嗝多由三方原因引起，一是由于护理不当，外感风寒，寒热之气逆而不顺，俗话说是&喝了冷气&而诱发打嗝；二是由于乳食不当，若乳食不节制，停积不化，或过食生冷奶水或过服寒凉药物则气滞不行，脾胃功能减弱，气机升降失常而使胃气上逆动膈而诱发打嗝；三是由于进食过急或惊哭之后进食，一时哽噎也可诱发打嗝。

In fundic strips, ghrelin and GHRP-6 could decrease the on-response induced relaxation and increase off-response induced contraction of the muscle, with the effect of Ghrelin obviously stronger than that of GHRP-6.L-NNA could increase the effects of Ghrelin and GHRP-6-induced muscle contraction, and L-AA could decrease their effects.

在胃底部，Ghrelin和GHRP-6可使开电刺激诱导的平滑肌舒张活动减弱，断电刺激诱导的肌条收缩活动增强，且Ghrelin作用明显强于GHRP-6.L-NNA可显著增强Ghrelin和GHRP-6的促平滑肌收缩效应，但L-AA可显著减弱该作用。

60Co-γray was a useful mutagen in induced mutation breeding .After treated with 60Co-γray ,free-living conchocelis of wild Porphyra haitanensis were induced and represented in offsprings. Purple mutant and excellent practical characters strains were selected from a lot of gametophytic blades. Single cell clone and enzymolysis were used to propagate fast in pure strains of induced mutations.

坛紫菜野生丝状体经一定剂量60Co-γ射线辐照后，子代叶状体发生了变异，经大量培养后筛选出紫色突变体（3号Ⅰ）和经济性状优良的个体（7号Ⅰ和7号Ⅱ），通过体细胞酶解和单克隆技术快速获得诱变选育纯系，并对其主要经济性状进行了研究。

Microarray technique was applied to look into the gene expression profiles. Ox-LDL induced HAEC apoptosis by inducing many redox- and apoptosis-related genes. Sal B prevented the ox-LDL induced endothelial damage and even induced endothelial cell proliferation.

本计划亦探讨丹参酚酸 B 抑制氧化低密度脂蛋白所造成内皮细胞的损伤与细胞附著分子表现的作用机转，亦引入微矩列技术以探讨基因表现差异之谱型，氧化低密度脂蛋白诱导许多氧化还原与细胞凋亡相关基因，丹参酚酸 B 可保护内皮细胞损伤甚至促进其增生。

For every one of my New Year resolutions, I have been a backslider for years.

说到我的新年决心，我每年都做

With empathy and focus on a feeling level, we can all relate to the common ground of mutuality of emotions.

有了同情心和感觉上一级的重点，我们都可以涉及到相互的情感共同点。