查询词典 implied

In financial mathematics, the implied volatility of an Option contract is the volatility implied by the market price of the option based on an option pricing model.

在金融数学里，一个期权和约的隐含波动性是根据期权定价模型由市场价格所暗示的波动性。

P×P and P were two major non-Bayesian algorithms. 6 Less than 25% of the participants used frequency. In those who got other results except P , much more people used probability. Experiment 2 had a randomized multigroup posttest design. There was only one factor named implied condition which had five levels: not imply, imply P, imply addition, imply division and imply all. The results showed that: 1 All the implied conditions significantly improved the participants' performance. When under the condition of implying division, the participants derived the best results. 2 31.9% of the participants got correct answer, 73% of who used frequency to rewrite the information. 3 78% of the participants could apply one or several of the four concepts: probability of "not the event", multiplication rule, addition rule and condition probability.

结果表明：1 被试的估计受问题内容的影响，权威型问题情境容易使被试高估，非权威型问题情境使被试的高估现象大大减少；数据结构和提问形式对被试估计不产生影响。2 有近5%的被试能正确估计P，其中 73%使用频数对信息进行再表征。3 贝叶斯推理中各分步骤的困难程度由低到高分别是：乘法、P、加法、除法。4 有50%的被试能运用对立事件概率、概率乘法、概率加法、条件概率这四个概念中的一种或者几种。5 使用最多的两种非贝叶斯算法是P×P和P。6 不到25%的被试使用频数；求得除P以外各类结果的被试中，使用概率的人数远多于使用频数的。

We use the data from BHP company in 1995-2001 and calculate the implied volatility. By comparing the implied volatility calculated from actual option price and the assumed volatility in the model, it is found that Black-Scholes Model does underprice the Out-of-The-Money options and overprice the In-The-Money options because of the wrong assumption on the volatility.

本文选择了澳大利亚BHP公司1995年-2001年其中五年的数据，从实际期权价格中计算得到隐含波动率，并把其与Black-Scholes模型中的假设波动率进行比较，最后可以发现，Black-Scholes模型低估了虚值期权的价格，高估了实值期权的价格，与一般的研究结果恰好相反。

The major technique to get the information of structure of those free groups is to sudy the action of automorphisms on them. In this paper we show that every normal automorphism of a nontrivial free product of groups is inner as well. Traub[16] made a purely algebraic conjecture and showed that it implied Poincare"s Conjecture. He also showed that Poincare"s Conjecture implied this algebraic conjecture modulo another topological hypothesis.

在本文中我们给出任意两个非平凡群的自由积的每个正规自同构也是内自同构的；在文献[16]中，Traub给出了一个纯代数的猜想并证明了这个猜想蕴含着着庞加莱猜想的成立，并且作者也证明了在一个拓扑假设的前提下庞加莱猜想也同时蕴涵着猜想1是成立的，后来这个拓扑假设被Waldhausen([7])证明是成立的。

The study shows that implied skewness and the skewness of implied volatility both have close relationship with daily return.

隐含偏度、隐含波动率的偏度与每日汇率变化率有紧密的联系。

All this is merely tacitly implied , but it is quite definitely implied .

所有这些都是不言自明的，但确是真实存在的。

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What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。