查询词典 global analysis

We also used the latent heat daily data、sensible heat daily data、relative humidity data and OLR daily data from NCEP-DOE Reanalysis2 which formed as 2.5-degree latitude x 2.5-degree longitude global grid with 144x73 points(1982～2005). The data of subtropic high ridge offered by Bational Climate Center . With singular value decomposition analysis, we studied key region of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the mid-latitudes in the Pacific. Second, by using wavelet analysis to study the character of the key regions of SST.Moreover the correlation analysis can help us to understand the reason of the cold water formed and the physical process of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the mid-latitudes in the Pacific. There are three mostly SVD modes which contribution reach to 70%,So the three mostly modes can reflect the mostly structure in the key region.

采用奇异值分解方法对1982～2005年逐候SSTA场和500hPa位势高度场进行同期、大气超前海洋、大气滞后海洋的分析，确定中纬度西北太平洋海气相互作用的关键区；利用小波分析对关键区海温和副高脊线进行周期分析，深入了解研究区域海温和副高脊线的年际、年代际变化特征；通过关键区海温与500hPa位势高度距平场的相关分析，研究中纬度西北太平洋SST异常与副高位置异常的关系；针对2005年夏季关键区SST异常与副高脊线位置异常开展海气相互作用物理量分析和大气环流分析，探讨关键区SST异常对副高位置异常的可能影响过程。

Based on the data analysis and numerical simulation, the Arctic sea ice climate variability was researched, the result were as following:(1) The analysis on the seasonal cycle of the Arctic Ocean and atmosphere showed that: The seasonal surface wind is somewhat trade wind like in some regions in the Arctic. The surface air temperature is robustly determined from the underlying environments such as sea ice and Greenland glaciers. In the sea ice region the precipitation rate is larger than that of evaporation. Furthermore, the Arctic Ocean hydrology is profoundly influenced by the surrounding rivers discharge. These are the decisive factors on the ocean salinity pattern. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait is larger in winter than in summer. From the 40s in the 20th century on, the ice volume flux has an increasing trend. The Arctic rivers flood season is about the melt period, the winter rivers discharge has a significant increasing. Correlation analysis shows that 7 to 10 years is a characteristic time scale that rivers discharge leads Fram Strait ice volume export.(2) Considering 9 major arctic rivers, the Arctic Ocean circulation was simulated through BOM. The result shows that: The BOM can reproduce the main Arctic Ocean circulation pattern. The"Islandization"which is commonly used in OGCMs to treat the North Pole, not only influences the ocean current near the pole, but also influences the current in the Northern Atlantic Ocean, thus the bogus island might influence global climate through thermohaline circulation in the Atlantic Ocean.

在资料分析和数值模拟的基础上，对北极海冰的气候变率进行了深入的研究，结果如下：(1)对北极地区大气和海洋季节循环特征的分析表明，气候平均风场在部分地区具有&信风&的性质；而气温场与海冰分布及格陵兰半岛冰原的下垫面特征有密切关系；在北极海冰区的降水量大于蒸发量，并且在全球大洋中北冰洋受到河流径流的影响最大，对北冰洋的盐度分布有决定作用；通过弗瑞姆海峡的海冰通量在冬半年大于夏半年，并且从20世纪40年代起，海冰的体积输送有增加趋势；北极河流的汛期主要在融化季节，冬季的河流流量有显著增加的趋势；相关分析表明7到10年是北极河流流量影响弗瑞姆海峡海冰体积输送的一个特征时间尺度；(2)采用BOM海洋模式对北冰洋海洋环流进行了模拟研究，在模式中考虑了北极9条主要河流的作用，结果表明该海洋模式可以较好模拟出北冰洋海洋环流的基本特征；多数大洋环流模式采用&北极岛化&的方法处理北极点，模拟结果表明&北极岛化&不仅影响到极点附近的海流，还会对相对较远的北大西洋海流造成影响，并可能通过大西洋的热盐环流对全球气候产生影响；(3)采用CSIM4海冰模式对北极海冰的气候态进行了模拟。

They are studied for their global properties by the methods of algebra and algebraic topology and form a natural domain for the global analysis of differential equations.

它们的整体性质用代数和代数拓扑的方法进行研究，并且形成微分方程式的整体分析的一个自然的领域。

They are studied for their global properties by the methods of algebra and algebraic topology and form a natural domain for the global analysis of differ tial equations.

它们的整体性质用代数和代数拓扑的方法进行研究，并且形成微分方程式的整体分析的一个自然的领域。

The asymptoticbehavior of two ecological systems and the unconditionally stability and oscillations in kinds of 4-order delay difference equations are investigated by using analysis method, constructing Lyapunovfunctions, the logarithmic norm, charateristic roots theory and the bifurcation theory. Here, theasymptotic properity includes the uniform persistence, the global attractability of the solutions,the asymptotic stability of the positive solution local or global and the oscillations of solutions.

本文利用定性分析的方法、比较原理、特征值分析法、对数范数、构造Lyapunov函数及分支理论等方法和理论，研究了两类生态模型解的渐近性及一类四阶时滞微分方程解的无条件稳定性，其中包含模型的一致持久生存性、正平衡态的全局吸引性、局部和全局渐近性以及解的振动性等问题。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

Numerical weather forecasts Global spectral model Distributed and shared memory parallelization Global analysis and assimilation

数值天气预报；全球谱模式；分布共享并行；全球分析同化

Structure-Based Approximation Learning Theory: Under the description of manifold and topological architecture of neural field, we have proposed a learning frameworks of neural networks based on global architecture approximation theory borrowed from the concept of topology and manifold to solve the optimal problems of learning in non-nonlinear and non-Euclidean space, and discussed a few basic components of the learning theory, learning mechanism and learning algorithm in the term of structure-based approximation and global structure analysis.

基于结构的逼近学习理论：通过人工神经网络模型神经场的流形结构和拓扑结构描述，我们提出了在非线性和非欧氏空间中基于整体结构逼近的神经场学习理论框架；用对偶流形理论和拓扑概念作为工具，讨论了神经网络的学习理论、学习机理、学习算法和算法的具体实现。

From the analysis of the historical and measured data, some tendencies of flood in Zhejiang in the global change are predicted: 1low water year will take the upper hand in ten years or more, the global change will make the temporal and spatial changes of flood in Zhejiang more violent, and the flood disasters in coast area more serious.

中文摘要：根据历史和实测资料分析，对于全球变化下浙江近期洪水的运作大势，可得如下几点认识：（1）在未来的十几年之内，浙江省将处在枯水年占优势的阶段，但全球变化将使浙江洪水的时空变化更为剧烈，使沿海地区的洪水灾害更为严重。

By Joachim Fels' reckoning, the global liquidity cycle has already turned. He reaches this conclusion based on his analysis of both the quantity and the price of liquidity (see his 30 May dispatch,"The Turn of the Global Liquidity Cycle").

Joachim Fels在对资金流动性的数量和价格进行分析的基础上，认为全球资金流动的周期性变化已经出现。

The receding calculations and experiment analyses in this subject are built on the blood cast of pig tongue.

本研究课题的前期工作是采用猪舌血管铸型模拟人舌而进行的数值计算与实验分析。

"Each human infection constitutes an opportunity for genetic modification of the virus through reassortment, mutation, or both...."

&每一次人类的感染都暗藏着一次基因修改的机会，无论是通过病毒的整合、突变或者兼而有之。。。。&