查询词典 fourth dimension

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

A DRAT (Dimension Reduction and Absolute value Transformation) Method is proposed, which through the establishment of a minimum set of thelinear parameters in the spectrum model and its absolute value transformation, makes the 3M+1 dimension constrained optimizingprohlem into an equal 2M dimension unconstrained one.

谱峰分离的拟合方法涉及到比较复杂的高维和强非线性的数学规划问题。这使得一些流行的计算方法的收敛性强烈地依赖于初始参数值的质量l'I5l。

Introduce the elementary knowledge related to dimension chain; Propose mathematical model of dimension chain, and analyze the process to build mathematical model; Analyze the search process to generate dimension chain using deep first search method.

介绍尺寸链的相关基础知识；提出尺寸链数学模型，分析了以图论为基础的数学模型的建立；分析了以深度优先搜索法进行尺寸链自动生成的搜索过程。

Within this context, four specific areas are addressed:(1) By means of finite integration technique, a new kind of the first order partial difference equation is derived from the original disperse transmission line equation of the uniform waveguide's. As it is the kind of one dimension Dirichlet's boundary problem, it is convenient for us to solve this equation from the leapfrog scheme. Because computation is carried out in one dimension, both high calculation efficiency and precision have been obtained in this method. Meanwhile, this method provide us a different selection to simulate the transient response of waveguide with non-simplical, for examples cylinder and elliptic waveguide, and avoid solving the second order equation, or using finite difference time domain to simulate a three dimension problem, sometimes the latter precision is not satisfied with the need, or low efficiency.

在这一研究内容下，主要研究四个方面的问题：(1)在完成金属波导传输线方程时域形式的基础之上，应用有限积分技术，把波导特征模式的色散传输线方程，化简为一组新的一阶偏微分方程组，该边值问题属一维Dirichlet边值问题，从而便于用蛙跳格式求解，由于是在一维中计算，该方法具有很高计算效率和精度，从而避免了以往为得到金属波导中特征模的时域响应特性，须要求解二阶方程，或用时域有限差分方法求解三维问题的方法，对于后者来说，计算有时是不准确的，或是很耗时的例如计算诸如圆波导、椭圆波导等其它复杂形状的波导。

On the basis of analyzing four types of law as a science, the authors point out that law as a science depends on its scientific nature of research methods, which contain three dimensions, namely positivist dimension, humanism dimension, and formalist dimension.

作者分析了法学作为科学的4种存在形态，在此基础上指出研究方法的科学性是法学作为科学的基础，并评析了法学研究方法的3个维度，即实证维度、人文维度和形式维度。

Finally, the calculation process of CGR graphic's multi-fractal analysis was studied. the scope of choice of the weight factor and the scale invariance range were discussed, the weight factor can be chosen as ? 15≤q≤50; multi-fractal spectrum and generalized dimension of different sequence were calculated, multi-fractal spectrum and generalized dimension in different scales of different sequences were compared, it was found that multi-fractal spectrum and generalized dimension can show different levels of fractal characteristics of CGR graphics of DNA sequence, which can distinguish more complex structure of sequences.

最后，研究了DNA序列CGR图形的多重分形的计算过程，讨论了权重因子及满足标度不变性的范围选择等问题，得到结论：对CGR图形进行多重分形时权重因子可以选择为-15≤q≤50；计算了不同序列的多重分形谱和广义维数，比较了不同序列不同尺度的多重分形谱和广义维数，发现多重分形谱和广义维数能够表现DNA序列CGR图形的不同层次的分形特征，能够区分更复杂的序列结构。

When Windows was first introduced, the standard video adapter boards were the IBM Color Graphics Adapter, which had a pixel dimension area of 640 by 200 pixels; the Enhanced Graphics Adapter, which had a pixel dimension of 640 by 350 pixels; and the Hercules Graphics Card, which had a pixel dimension of 720 by 348 pixels.

当 Windows 首先被引入时，标准的视频适配器板是 IBM 彩色图形适配器，它有 640 200 像素的像素尺寸区域；增强的图形适配器，它有 640 350 像素的像素尺寸；Hercules 图形卡，它有 720 348 像素的像素尺寸。

Based on the methods of Hausdorff fractal dimension and space relation fractal dimension ,the paper advances calculation models on the fractal dimension and the arriving degree of network of Liaoning s highway network.

分析了辽宁省公路交通网络的基本现状，根据分形理论，利用Hausdorff维数简化算法和空间关联维数的计算方法，测算了以省内国道干线为基础的辽宁省公路交通网络的分维数和网络直通度。

Statistical methods were chi-square analysis and t-test.resultsstatistical significance existed in: mental and physical misery dimension between male and female students; perspective-taking dimension between students of arts and of science; imaginativeness and sympathy dimensions between class-leader and non-class-leader; sympathy dimension between only-child and non-only-child. no statistical significance was found among the students in city and village.

结果 男女大学生在身心忧急维度上差异存在统计学意义；文理科学生在观点取替维度上差异存在统计学意义；学生干部与非学生干部在幻想力、同情关怀2个维度上差异存在统计学意义；独生子女与非独生子女大学生在同情关怀维度上差异存在统计学意义；家住城镇与家在乡村的大学生各维度差异均无统计学意义。

Statistical methods were chi-square analysis and t-test.resultsstatistical significance existed in: mental and physical misery dimension between male and female students; perspective-taking dimension between students of arts and of science; imaginativeness and sympathy dimensions between class-leader and non-class-leader; sympathy dimension between only-child and non-only-child.

结果 男女大学生在身心忧急维度上差异存在统计学意义；文理科学生在观点取替维度上差异存在统计学意义；学生干部与非学生干部在幻想力、同情关怀2个维度上差异存在统计学意义；独生子女与非独生子女大学生在同情关怀维度上差异存在统计学意义；家住城镇与家在乡村的大学生各维度差异均无统计学意义。

A historical region of southwest France between the Pyrenees and the Garonne River. The duchy of Aquitaine was joined with France after the marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to King Louis VII in1137, but its possession was disputed after her subsequent marriage to Henry II of England.

阿基坦法国西南部一个历史地区，位于比利牛斯山和加隆河之间，在1137年阿基坦的埃莉诺与国王路易斯七世结婚之后阿基坦公国加入法国，但当她再嫁英国亨利二世后，其归属权便受到争议

There are moments when I look at the smiling , happy faces of my expectant staff and wonder how they will cope when confronted by an outraged housemaster along with an unrepentant and recalcitrant bleached blond teenager in 18 years ' time .

有时候，我看着那些满怀期待的员工微笑，幸福的脸，想着当他们遇到一位愤怒的宿舍管理员和一位不知悔改，叛逆，而且将头发染成白色的18岁少年时，他们会如何处理。