查询词典 established practice

People look on the question differently in nineteenth and twentieth century. FromField Code in 1848 to Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938 different systemsabout joinder of parties are established in legislature and judicial practice, but thediscussion continues behind it, and how to join parties is still a problem which has notassured answers.

在当事人合并制度方面，19世纪和20世纪对这一问题的认识是不同的，从1848年的Field法典到1938年的联邦民事诉讼规则，立法和实务虽然确立了不同的当事人合并制度，但其背后却在延续着争议，如何合并当事人仍是一道没有确定答案的难题。

After the standard is established ,in order to bring the purpose and guiding sense into the play ,it must be transformed to fact-judged in the justiciary practice ,we must have a correct understanding and assurance to the standard ,and a system to assure the standard is achieved .

证明标准确立以后，为发挥设置它的目的和对实际的指导意义，还必须在司法实践层面上，将其转化为具体的事实认定，这就必须要有一个对证明标准的正确理解和把握，及建立一个保障证明标准司法兑现的制度和机制。

While the IRC channels are ostensibly established for carding, in practice they are also open forums for exchange of all sorts of stolen information and illicit activity, including the fencing of identities stolen offline (e.g. copied from a hotel ledger by a corrupt clerk) and stolen computer equipment.

IRC 通道表面上是为了盗卡而建立的，但实际上它还是各种被盗信息进行交换和非法活动的公开论坛，包括离线买卖被盗信息（例如，由一个酒店的腐败职员从其帐本上拷贝的信用卡信息）和被盗电脑设备。

Nobody who has really gone deeply into the matter will deny that in practice the world of phenomena uniquely determines the theoretical system, in spite of the fact that there is no logical bridge between phenomena and their theoretical principles; this is what Leibnitz described so happily as a "pre-established harmony."

凡是真正深入研究过这问题的人，都不会否认唯一决定理论体系的，实际上是现象世界，尽管在现象和他们的理论原理之间并没有逻辑的桥梁；这就是莱布尼兹非常中肯地表述过的"先定的和谐"。

Belief or custom passed on in this way; any long-established method, practice ,etc

传统的信仰和风俗；长期以来形成的方法、做法等

But China's current Marriage Law null and void marriage established system is not perfect, should be amended based on in the light of the system of the null and void marriage of foreign legislation and judicial practice summed up the experience of our marriage.

但我国现行《婚姻法》确立的婚姻无效制度还不完善，应在借鉴国外有关婚姻无效制度的立法和总结我国婚姻司法实践经验的基础上予以修正。

In today that the economies globalization and the informatization, the one who can stood system higher that develop in the strategy click, established amid develop the strategy over a long period of time, and put one's heart and mind into practice strategy, and adjusted the strategy in time will no...

本文在企业战略管理理论的基础上，分析了德阳电业局面临的内外环境变化，利用SWOT分析方法，剖析了企业面临的优势、劣势、机遇、威胁，根据己实现的目标和掌握的信息资料，提出了企业发展战略调整的重点，以及关键职能战略实施的主要内容，并指明了战略调整实施后应达到的目标，强调实施战略目标所必须采取的控制手段，这一系列调整措施实施后，对企业的发展会起到促进作用。

And unless the practice of getting wives by theft or force was so general where it prevailed that we may say it was almost invariable, it is incredible that such an association should be established in the45 popular mind between marriage and the act of rapine, as would afterwards require the pretence of rapine to give validity to the ceremony of marriage.

而且除非以偷盗或武力获取妻子的习惯在它流行的地方如此普遍以至我们可以说它几乎是永恒的，在婚姻和劫掠行为之间的这种联系，就象后来将需要伪装的劫掠给予婚礼以有效性那样，会在流行思想中建立起来是难以置信的。

The CCFG is a kind of economical activity with positive externality, its final products offered -the ecological benefits belong to the pure public goods, the nature of the economical compensation is to internalize the externality of the CCFG, so an economical compensation mechanism should be established with the government playing a leading role. The compensation receivers should be not only peasant households but also the county-level authority that performs the project. Besides central government, the compensation payers should still include the provincial-level governments who implement the project, the provincial-level governments of those beneficiary areas of midstream and downstream of basin, international organizations, enterprises and individuals, etc. Multiple channels of raising funds for the program should be worked out and the practice method should be transformed. Thediversified compensation ways should be chosen. In reality, insufficient compensation is the normality, the cost compensation may have more maneuverability. The decision-maker should carry on proper adjustment to the compensation standard, taking into account the factors about the environment conditions, the social-economic conditions, the ecological function of vegetation, etc. and make out different compensation criterions for different areas and different levels. The author puts forward it should be kept the policy of financial subsidies to the farmers who reforest ecological forest for a long term, should prolong the compensation time frameworks to the farmers who reforest economical forest.

本文认为，退耕还林还草是一项具有正外部性的经济活动，其提供的最终产品—生态效益属典型公共产品，经济补偿的实质就是要实现这种外部性的内部化，故应构建以政府为主导的经济补偿机制；补偿对象除了退耕农户以外，还应包括实施退耕还林还草的县级政府；补偿主体除中央政府外，还需将退耕地区省级政府、流域中下游受益地区的省级政府、国际社会、企业和个人等纳入其中；多渠道筹措退耕还林还草补偿投入资金，切实转变经济补偿的运作方式；选择相互协调、相互补充的多样化补偿方式；现实中，不充分补偿是常态，实行成本补偿更具可操作性；应对补偿标准进行适当调整，在综合考虑退耕地区自然环境条件、社会经济状况以及林草植被的生态功能等多种因素的基础上，制定分区分级补偿标准：对还生态林应采取长期补偿政策，对还经济林也要适当延长补偿年限。

With a clear understanding of theory and large numbers of facts, this article analysis the following problems by the view and method called materialist dialectics. First, the concept of information ethics is established when the moment people's life style begins to change in Information Age, with understanding of both the basic principle of moral life and moral problems existing in our society and have knowledge scope range from social practice to abstract theory. Second, the essence and forming rules of information ethics is revealed with the help of studying some basic questions and debating some characteristics from the philosophy point of view. Third, the further analysis of the system formula and social function is founded on debating the theory, which forms the system from the ethics point of view.

本文在梳理理论文献和掌握大量实证材料的基础上，以唯物辩证法的观点和方法为指导，对以下问题进行了分析和讨论：一、从信息时代人们生存方式的变迁入手，明确社会道德生活的基本要求，在认清信息社会存在的道德问题的基础上，从社会实践到理论抽象，确立了信息伦理观念；二、从哲学的角度出发，研究信息伦理生成的基本理论问题，在厘定相关概念的基础上，讨论了信息伦理的特点，揭示了信息伦理的本质及其生成规律；三、从伦理学的角度出发，在讨论构建信息伦理体系的理论依据的基础上，进一步分析了信息伦理的体系结构和社会功能；四、从社会实践的角度出发，研究信息伦理在信息传播过程中的应用问题，从理论回到实践，提出了较为系统的信息伦理原则和信息道德规范。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。