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In order to solve the problem of engine starting characteristics calculation under windmilling condition, a generalized format of engine starting nonlinear mathematical model based on liner-in-parameters model was given.

针对高空风车条件下航空发动机起动性能估算问题，给出了用线参数模型描述发动机风车起动非线性过程的一般形式，利用约简遗传规划算法进行模型结构选择的思路，建立了基于约简遗传规划的航空发动机起动性能计算模型。

The gas turbine engine windmilling is a state that when the engine doesn t work,the rotors temporarily operate at a sub-steady rotating speed due to the airflow ram and the co-work of aerodynamics,rotor inertia and drag torque.

由于很多燃气涡轮发动机都缺乏计算风车特性必需的低转速状态的部件特性，给计算发动机风车状态的特性带来了很大的困难。

Firstly,based on the WR Sexton method,the method and mathematic models of supplementing the sub-idle rotating component characteristics is presented.Secondly,the turbofan windmilling high-low pressure rotor co-working equations and the whole engine co-working equations are established.lastly,a turbofan engine windmilling characteristics under various windmilling conditions are simulated and analyzed.

首先，基于不可压流理论，附以可压缩效应修正的指数法发展了补充慢车转速以下部件特性的计算模型和计算程序；其次，根据流量连续、压力平衡、功率平衡、燃烧室进出口总温相等及转速相等等约束条件建立了风车状态时涡扇发动机高低压转子及整机的共同工作方程；最后发展了具有一定计算精度的涡扇发动机风车状态特性计算模型和程序，并以某型涡扇发动机为例，计算分析了不同飞行条件下发动机的风车特性，从计算结果看，其趋势是合理的。

The results indicate that, air flow meter's abnormal performance and oxygen sensor signal bias have great effect on engine emission, the other two sensors' abnormal performance has unobvious effect on emission of the engine with stable operation.

结果表明，空气流量计工作特性变化和氧传感器信号偏移对排放的影响较大，其它两个传感器的非正常技术状况对发动机稳定运转时的排放没有明显影响。

The design can also be used as an air motor, steam engine, gas compressor, hot air engine, or pump.

设计还可以用来作为空气马达，蒸汽机，气体压缩机，热空气引擎，或泵。

He maintains that the US, where GE still employs 160,000 of its 316,000 employees, remains the ideal place to manufacture complex equipment such as the jet engine turbines once built by his father, who worked for GE's aircraft engine division for nearly 40 years.

他坚持认为，美国仍是制造喷气机引擎涡轮等复杂设备的理想之地。他父亲为通用电气飞机引擎部门工作了近40年，曾参加建造过这种涡轮。目前，在通用电气的31.6万雇员中，仍有16万人是在美国雇用的。

When the alcohol content in blends is lower than 20%, the performance of SI engine will remain the same and there is no need to modify the structure of the engine for alcohol operation.

在不改变原机结构的情况下，燃用低含醇量的混合燃料时，基本不影响发动机的性能。

This view of the "Victoria" horizontal engine shows the alcohol burner under the boiler which provides the steam power to drive the engine.

这一观点的&维多利亚&横向引擎显示，酒精燃烧器下的锅炉提供蒸汽动力来驱动发动机。

Cartwright (I think it was the same Cartwright) also came up with a conventional piston engine that ran on alcohol vapour; an alcohol engine .

卡特赖特也成立了一个传统的活塞式发动机即然对酒精蒸气；醇类燃料发动机。

Sensors, data acquisition cards and virtual instrument software are applied in the electronic control of ethanol injecting for optimized diesel/alcohol dual-fuel engine, through complement factor experiment which combines three fuel supply advance angle with four ethanol supply time, the performance of dual-fuel engine is compared with the original one under same condition.

使用传感器、数据采集卡和虚拟仪器软件改进柴油/乙醇双燃料发动机的乙醇喷射电子控制系统，通过三个供油提前角、四个供醇时刻组合的全因素试验，比较了双燃料发动机与原机相同工况下的性能。

"Second Life is remarkably easy to work with, and is very popular,"

"第二次生命是显着容易的工作，并且很受欢迎，"

For example, we usually assume that materials are homogeneous and isotropic and free of internal defects or flaws.

为了得到适合有限元分析的模型，我们必须经过如图2所示的简化步骤。