查询词典 differentiation

Based on the genetic distance of 26% by SSR data, the cluster analysis with un-weighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages produced 2 major clusters: cluster Ⅰ of higher degrees of genetic differentiation and Cluster Ⅱ of lower degrees of genetic differentiation relatively, which are composed of 30 cultivars, and another cluster of much higher degrees of genetic differentiation, which is only composed of the cultivars of FHIA 25 and Pisang Jari Buaya.

依据26%的遗传距离，除了FHIA25和Pisang Jari Buaya单独化成1组外，其它30个品种可以分为2组：品种间遗传差异相对较高的组Ⅰ和品种间遗传差异相对较低的组Ⅱ。

The reseach on activity changes of SOD, POD and CAT during the somatic embryogenesis of Y35 showed:(1) The activty of SOD was from 52.98 to 133.20 U·g-1·h-1, and remained a rising trend after early single embryo forming, this revealed that SOD might be positively correlated to the differentiation of embryogenic cell and the development of somatic embryo.(2) The activty of POD was from 0.05 to 0.50 U·mg-1·min-1, ascended firstly and desceded later, and was highest in embryogenic callus and lowest in late single embryo , this revealed that POD might be positively correlated to the division and differentiation of proembryo mass, while negatively correlated to the development of PEMⅢto late single embryo.(3) The activty of CAT was from 0.86 to 2.81 U·mg-1·min-1, showed an up-down-up trend, reaching to the highest peak at the time of early embryo formating and decreasing to the lowest at the time of early cotyledonary embryo formating, this revealed that CAT might be positively correlated to the development of early single embryo, while negatively correlated to the formation of middle single embryo and early cotyledonary embryo.The changes in activty of SOD, POD and CAT indicated these three antioxidant enzymes coregulated the differentiation and development of embryogenic cells during Larix somatic embryogenesis.4. Differentially expressed cDNA libraries of the stages of proembryo mass and somatic embryo maturation were successfully constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization.

对Y35体细胞胚胎发生过程中抗氧化酶活性变化的研究显示：(1)SOD活性在52.98~133.20 U·g-1·h-1之间，并在早期单胚形成后一直保持上升的趋势，表明其与胚性细胞的分化及体细胞胚的发育均具呈正相关；(2)POD活性在0.05~0.50 U·mg-1·min-1之间，呈现出先下降后升高的趋势，在胚性愈伤组织中最高，而在后期单胚形成时降至最低，表明其与原胚团的分裂和分化呈正相关，但与PEMⅢ向后期单胚的发育呈负相关；(3)CAT活性在0.86~2.81 U·mg-1·min-1之间，表现出升-降-升的变化趋势，在早期单胚形成时升至最高，在早期子叶胚形成时降至最低，表明其与早期单胚的发育呈正相关，而与中期单胚和早期子叶胚的发育呈负相关。

During sexual differentiation, mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in cells of testis also increase in quantity, but it is less than that in ovary, they disintegrate after sexual differentiation. The big grana always exsist in course of sexual differentiation, but small grana don\'t appear.

分化时精巢细胞的超微结构显示线粒体和内质网数量也有增加，但不如分化中卵巢细胞的数量多，分化后线粒体和内质网解体，在整个分化过程中大颗粒一直存在，无小颗粒出现。

Meanwhile,HDAC1 acetylation level is significantly increased.The overexpression of HDAC1 can promote erythroid cell proliferation and inhibits induced differentiation,the knockdown of HDAC1 or 2 inhibits erythroid cell proliferation and promotes induced differentiation.We also found that HDAC1 affects GATA1 mediated transcription activity.Thus our data revealed that HDAC1 may negatively regulate GATA1 mediated transcription and suggest that the dynamic regulation of GATA1 associated NuRD/MeCP1/HDAC1/HDAC2 complex may determine the onset of erythroid differentiation programs.Moreover,this study will eventually help to design new therapeutic approaches in treatment of leukemia.

研究发现在被诱导分化的小鼠红细胞白血病细胞中与GATA1相结合的HDAC1被乙酰化并失去活性，在血细胞中过表达HDAC1能够促进血细胞的增殖并抑制分化，反之在血细胞中敲除HDAC1或HDAC2能抑制血红细胞的增殖并促进分化，而且HDAC1能够负调控GATA1的转录活性，GATA1与NuRD/MeCP1复合体之间的动态调控，决定血红细胞分化的发生和发展，并为探索白血病的致病机理奠定了理论基础。

Background: The stem cell is a kind of cell which can keep alive for a long term and has a few of differentiation potencies. While, the progenitor cell is a kind of cell keeping one or double ways of differentiation and the capability of its differentiation, self-renew and self-maintenance is confined.

一、研究背景干细胞是一类不分化而长期生存且保持多种分化潜能的细胞群，而祖细胞是一类分化能力、自我更新、自我维持能力受限制，只有单向或双向分化潜能且生存时间相对较短的细胞群。

In this study, the effect of nCDHA on chondrogenic differentiation of rat adipose-derived adult mesenchymal stem cells in alginate gel was evaluated. nCDHA/alginate composites containing different amounts of nCDHA were prepared and used to encapsulate rat ADAS. The chondrogenic differentiation of ADAS was enhanced after 7 days and the total collagen content increased after 14 days at 500 ppm of nCDHA.

中文摘要本研究先制备一系列nCDHA/alginate奈米复合材料以三维培养方式，探讨大鼠脂肪干细胞经过ㄧ周与二周培养后，软骨分化基因及软骨基质分泌(collagen，GAG)进行评估，结果发现500 ppm nCDHA可增加第7天软骨基因分化与第14天胶原蛋白增生。

In conclusion, we have conducted the in-depth analyses of HetR protein function in the molecular mechanism of heterocyst differentiation and pattern formation in Anabaena. Our results show that HetR/PatS interaction plays a key role in heterocyst differentiation and pattern formation.

综合以上内容，我们对HetR蛋白在蓝细菌异型胞分化与格式形成过程中的分子调控机制作了较为深入的研究，我们的研究显示HetR/PatS的相互作用在异型胞分化与格式形成中起重要作用。

In the high-grade metamorphism and anatexis process, in which sapphirine was formed, the multistage crystallization of minerals resulted in the complexity of the mineral association, such as the differentiation of leuco-and melano-components. Generally, the mafic-rich minerals formed earlier, and the differentiation of magnesio-and iron-components is responsible for the earlier presence of ironrich minerals, i.e., magnesio-rich minerals crystallized later, thus the successive associations of multistage occurred.

在形成假蓝宝石的高级变质-深熔作用过程中，岩石矿物组合的变化主要是多阶段变质造成的，如浅-暗色组分发生了分离，其中含镁铁组分多的矿物较早结晶，而镁铁组分的分离使得相对富Fe的矿物较早结晶，即晚期形成的镁铁质矿物更富Mg组分，并形成递进演化的不同阶段的组合。

By comparing and analyzing the dynamic changes of carbonitride in the floral sex determination of litchi we found that: higher C/N and lower amino acid content are beneficial to androecium differentiation; in contrast, lower C/N and higher amino acid content are adequate for gynoecium differentiation; the amino acid content in androecium is only half of that in gynoecium.

荔枝花性决定中碳氮化合物的动态变化的研究结果发现：C/N较大有利于雄蕊分化，反之则有利于雌蕊分化；氨基酸含量较高有利于雌蕊分化，雄蕊的氨基酸含量仅为雌蕊的一半；脯氨酸与花粉育性存在着密切相关关系。

By comparing and analyzing the dynamic changes of carbonitride in during the floral sex determination litchi,it was found that higher C/N and lower amino acid content were beneficial to androecium differentiation; conversely, lower C/N and higher amino acid content were adequate for gynoecium differentiation; the amino acid content in androecium was only half of that in gynoecium; proline was associated with pollen developmental capacity.

比较分析了荔枝花性决定中碳氮化合物的动态变化，结果发现：C/N较大有利于雄蕊分化，反之则有利于雌蕊分化；氨基酸含量较高有利于雌蕊分化，雄蕊的氨基酸含量仅为雌蕊的一半；脯氨酸与花粉育性存在着密切相关关系。

If you were not , and OS X just booted normally, have no fear.

如果你没有，和OS X刚刚启动通常，没有恐惧。

I only want to preserve our all .

我只想保存好我们的一切