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According to investigation results of slippage damage between base course and surface course in semi-rigid base asphalt pavements , damage characteristics and causations are analyzed , preliminary countermeasures are put forward ; Based on elastic multi-layer theory with Bisar programme used as calculation tool , shearing strength between base course and surface course and its influencing factors and regulations are analyzed ; DLG-A testing instrument is self-developed , through contrast tests and orthogonal experiments , skidresistance ability between base course and surface course is researched under conditions of different base courses , surface courses , gradations , disposal measures and temperature conditions .

论文根据半刚性基层沥青路面基面层滑移病害的调查结果，分析了病害特征和原因，提出了初步对策；以弹性层状体系理论为基础，以Bisar程序为计算工具，分析了基面层间剪应力以及影响基面层间剪应力的因素和规律；自行开发了DLG-A路面材料剪切试验仪，通过对比试验和正交试验，研究了不同基层和面层类型和级配、层间处理措施以及温度条件下的基面层间抗剪切能力，在此基础上。

The solid industrial base—Luzhou is an integrated industrial city mainly in wine-making, chemical industry, energy, machinery, it is a national recycling chemical base, clean energy base, food base mainly in wine and an important equipment manufacturing industry base in Sichuan province

雄厚的工业基础——泸州是一个以酿酒、化工、能源、机械为支柱的综合性工业城市，是全国循环型化工基地、清洁能源基地、以名优酒为主体的食品工业基地和四川重要的装备制造业基地。

Hampton Roads, Virginia: The world's largest naval base, located in southeast Virginia, Hampton Roads 36,000 acres within the scope of a large number of facilities, including: Norfolk Naval Base, Norfolk Naval Shipyard, the Navy's amphibious base in the small creek, Austria Sea military air base in Shanghai and about Yorktown Naval Weapons Base.

维吉尼亚州汉普顿锚地：世界最大的海军基地，由分布在维吉尼亚州东南方汉普顿锚地36，000英亩范围之内的大量设施组成，包括：诺福克海军基地、诺福克海军造船厂、小克里克海军两栖基地、奥申纳海军航空基地和约克敦海军武器基地。

This thesis expatiates on the theory and architecture and primary content of Reusable Design technology and Reusable Process Design technology, study the feasibility and practicability of some important technology about Reusable Process Design, adopt a special knowledge representation to describe reusable process design information and make use of "FenHua "to realize knowledge acquisition about fuzzy knowledge.Craft database system is the mostly important support of CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning) system. To some extent, the essence of process design is a process that craft data is visited, used, dealt with and generated. This thesis expatiates on data base design technology. Based on the detailed analysis of the craft data"s characteristic and sort and the craft database"s component part, the author build craft database through detailed conceptual design and logical design and physical design for data base.the application and research of Web database technology becomes increasingly wide, which can make a close combination between Database technology and Web technology.

本文阐述了基于知识复用的可复用设计技术与可复用工艺设计技术的理论、体系结构与主要研究内容，研究了可复用工艺设计中的若干关键技术的可行性、实用性，采用了三表知识表示来描述工艺知识及利用"分划"的方法对灰色知识进行知识获取；工艺数据库系统是计算机辅助工艺设计系统的重要支撑系统，从某种程度将，工艺设计的实质就是对工艺数据库中工艺数据的访问、调用、处理和生成新的数据的过程，本文阐述了数据库系统设计技术，在详细分析工艺数据的特点、分类以及工艺数据库的数据库组成的基础上，通过对工艺数据库概念结构、逻辑结构、物理结构等几个方面的详细的分析与设计，建立了系统工艺数据库； Web数据库将数据库技术和Web技术很好的融合在一起，其应用研究日益广泛。

Thirdly, it analyzes and studies in detail Surpac mechanism and the relevant concepts on constructing the model of mineral deposits and mining engineering systems according to the modeling procedure and the actual conditions of Jinchuan"s mines. Based on these:Lit points out some differences between the western countries and China in the practice of the geological data record, explores the inputting data on computers performed by more people at the same time and the method to improve constructing the data-base and finished the data-base of Jinchuan mineral deposits;2.It puts forward the steps and flow chart to construct the solid model and brings forward the scheme of "first individual then whole to set up Jinchuan mineral deposits geological model, summarizes some experiences for constructing the complicated geological ore body of the high accuracy: add control lines, add auxiliary demarcation lines +control lines, the operation of intersection, cross and incorporation between solid bodies and plane and section combination. The above-mentioned methods applied to construct the mineral deposits solid models of four mine areas in Jinchuan; 3.lt studies and presents the detailed flow chart of constructing block and grade model, analyses the workable scheme in setting up the block and grade model of main ore body for Jinchuan mineral deposits and also sets it up.

接着，按建模流程并结合公司矿山实情，详细研究、分析了Surpac构造矿床模型和采矿工程系统模型的机理、有关概念，在此基础上：(1)指出了西方国家与我国在地质数据记录习惯方面存在的一些差异，探索出多人多机同时录入、提高建库效率的方法，建立了金川矿床地质数据库；(2)研究并提出了构造实体模型的步骤和流程图及&先分后整&建立金川矿床地质体实体模型方案，总结出建立高精度复杂地质体模型几点经验：添加控制线法、添加辅助分界线+控制线法、实体间的交、叉、并运算法及平剖面图联合法，建立了金川矿床四个矿区主矿体的实体模型；(3)研究并提出了建立块模型、品位模型详细流程图，分析了建立金川矿床主矿体块模型和品位模型的可行方案，建立了金川矿床主矿体的块模型和品位模型。

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

We can see that community correction can recollocate the limited judicial resource which is in favor of saving the cost of execution from a series of data, on the other hand, it is propitious to rebuild the light criminals. See from the penal base, the goal of the criminalistics in the 20th transfered to the criminal from the crime, the idea of correction was advanced on the base of going deep into the personality causation, because of which parole, probation and other community correction appeared and developed. See from the policy base, the popular international penal policy "polarization policy" also take a moment to community correction. It must divert some burden to the community if the country want to focus the strength into beating these terrorist, the fearful criminals. See from the environmental base, the developed country apply the community correction above 50%, which offers abundant experience and upstanding international surroundings to us, it also provide a largo flat roof for intercourse.

从一系列的数据可以看出，社区矫正既有利于行刑成本的节约，促进有限的司法资源的优化配置，也有利于对轻刑犯的改造，是符合行刑经济化的原则的；从刑事基础而言，近代刑事学派关注的目标发生了从犯罪行为到犯罪人的转变，在深入探究了犯罪的深层个性原因之后，提出了矫正刑的思想，并促进了假释、缓刑、保安处分等一系列现代刑法制度的出现与发展，这些都为社区制度的发展奠定了坚实的基础；从政策基础而言，目前国际比较流行的两极化刑事政策也为社区矫正的发展提供了契机，要集中有限的司法力量去打击那些恐怖犯罪、严重侵犯公民人身权利等犯罪，就必须将对轻刑犯的改造等部分负担转移到社区方面来；从环境基础而言，西方法治发达国家适用社区矫正的比例基本达到了50%以上，这为我国实行社区矫正提供了良好的国际环境和丰富的经验，并为我国和西方的法治对话提供了更宽广的对话平台。

Base on the systematically geological investigation and study, we choose to use aremote sensing data source,the geography control data source(1:50,000relief map of Qiaojia and measured GPS ) as the data source of this research, adopt"Digital Landslide"processing image data, and carry on time-space analysiscombining geological investigation and related data. Application aerodynamicist theories, some important conclusions that obtained from the wind-tunnel experiment,and according to the time –space analysis result, we analyzed the landslide dammingmovement mechanism, presumed the movement format of this high-speed landslide,studied the formation mechanism and the movement characteristic of this landslide ,calculated it's movement equation, applied VC language to write calculationprocedure of each stage of the landslide, computed movement speed and displacement,and made sure its possible stop district.

本文在前人研究的基础上，选用遥感数据源、地理控制数据源(1：5万巧家幅地形图及实测GPS点)为本研究的数据源，采用"数字滑坡"技术处理图像数据，结合野外实地考察及相关资料对石膏地滑坡进行了时空分析；运用空气动力学理论，采用胡厚田等人在风洞实验中得出的许多重要结论，根据时空分析结果分析滑坡的运动机理，推测高速滑坡的运动模式；研究石膏地滑坡的形成机理、运动特征及运动方程，并用C++语言在VC开发环境中编写滑坡各阶段的计算程序，计算滑坡的流动速度及运动位移，确定其可能的停止区域。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component.For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material .distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper.For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space stateinformatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision.Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为(n-1)维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料(单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待)、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

Many will continue to choose to live in duality and in conflict.

许多人将继续选择活在二元对立性和冲突中。

I find that students of the University of Physical Education all wear sportswear at first sight.

我发现：体育大学的学生乍一看，都是穿运动衣，大家都一样